Alle Publikationen
2018
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(2018): Supervisor-employee power distance incompatibility, gender similarity, and relationship conflict. A test of interpersonal interaction theory. In: The Journal of applied psychology 103 (3), S. 334-346. DOI: 10.1037/apl0000265
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/apl0000265 Abstract: According to interpersonal interaction theory, relational harmony surfaces when two individuals have compatible interaction styles. Building from this theory, we propose that supervisor-employee power distance orientation incompatibility will be related to employees' experience of higher levels of relationship conflict with their supervisors. Additionally, we propose an asymmetrical incongruence effect such that relationship conflict will be highest when supervisors are high in power distance and employees are low in power distance. Furthermore, we address calls in interpersonal interaction research for more direct attention to the social context of the dyadic interaction and explore the moderating effects of supervisor-employee gender (dis)similarity on the relationship between this incompatibility and conflict. We propose that supervisor-employee gender dissimilarity (e.g., male-female or female-male pairs) acts as a conditional moderator, neutralizing the power distance incongruence effect and the asymmetrical incongruence effect. Using 259 supervisor-employee dyads in the physical therapy industry, the hypotheses were generally supported. Theoretical and practical implications regarding the unique benefits of power distance compatibility and gender diversity in supervisor-employee dyads are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record
2017
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(2017): Communal and agentic interpersonal and intergroup motives predict preferences for status versus power. In: Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 43 (1), S. 71-86
Abstract: Seven studies involving 1,343 participants showed how circumplex models of social motives can help explain individual differences in preferences for status (having others' admiration) versus power (controlling valuable resources). Studies 1 to 3 and 7 concerned interpersonal motives in workplace contexts, and found that stronger communal motives (to have mutual trust, support, and cooperation) predicted being more attracted to status (but not power) and achieving more workplace status, while stronger agentic motives (to be firm, decisive, and influential) predicted being more attracted to and achieving more workplace power, and experiencing a stronger connection between workplace power and job satisfaction. Studies 4 to 6 found similar effects for intergroup motives: Stronger communal motives predicted wanting one's ingroup (e.g., country) to have status but not power relative to other groups. Finally, most people preferred status over power, and this was especially true for women, which was partially explained by women having stronger communal motives.
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(2017): Of Tooth and Claw. Predator Self-Identifications Mediate Gender Differences in Interpersonal Arrogance. In: Sex Roles 77 (3-4), S. 272-286. DOI: 10.1007/s11199-016-0706-y
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-016-0706-y Abstract: Men often score higher than women do on traits or tendencies marked by hostile dominance. The purpose of the present research was to contribute to an understanding of these gender differences. Four studies (total N = 494 U.S. undergraduates) administered a modified animal preference test in which participants could choose to be predator or prey animals, but not labeled as such. Men were consistently more interested in being predator animals than women were, displaying a sort of hostile dominance in their projective preferences. Predator self-identifications, in turn, mediated gender differences in outcomes related to hostile dominance. Studies 1 and 2 provided initial evidence for this model in the context of variations in interpersonal arrogance, and Studies 3 and 4 extended the model to nonverbal displays and daily life prosociality, respectively. The findings indicate that gender differences in hostile dominance are paralleled by gender differences in preferring to thi nk about the self in predator-like terms. Accordingly, the findings provide new insights into aggressive forms of masculine behavior. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved) zitiert von 2
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(2017): Perceiving and Confronting Sexism. The Causal Role of Gender Identity Salience. In: Psychology of Women Quarterly 41 (1), S. 65-76. DOI: 10.1177/0361684316670628
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0361684316670628 Abstract: Although many researchers have explored the relations among gender identification, discriminatory attributions, and intentions to challenge discrimination, few have examined the causal impact of gender identity salience on women's actual responses to a sexist encounter. In the current study, we addressed this question by experimentally manipulating the salience of gender identity and assessing its impact on women's decision to confront a sexist comment in a simulated online interaction. Female participants (N = 114) were randomly assigned to complete a short measure of either personal or collective self-esteem, which was designed to increase the salience of personal versus gender identity. They were then given the opportunity to confront a male interaction partner who expressed sexist views. Compared to those who were primed to focus on their personal identity, participants who were primed to focus on their gender identity perceived the interaction partner's remarks as more sexist and were more likely to engage in confrontation. By highlighting the powerful role of subtle contextual cues in shaping women's perceptions of, and responses to, sexism, our findings have important implications for the understanding of gender identity salience as an antecedent of prejudice confrontation. Online slides for instructors who want to use this article for teaching are available on PWQ's website at http://journals.sagepub.com/page/pwq/suppl/index.
2016
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(2016) : Interpersonal accuracy in relation to culture and ethnicity In: Hall, Judith A.; Schmid Mast, Marianne; West, Tessa v. (Hg.): The Social Psychology of Perceiving Others Accurately: Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, S. 328-349
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781316181959.016 Abstract: Classic studies by Ekman and Izard provided early evidence for the cross-cultural universality of emotion recognition, through a set of studies that were later examined from the perspective of the cultural differences they also reveal. The body of evidence as a whole supports a middle ground, suggesting that both emotional expression and its perception show basic similarities across cultures and yet meaningful differences as well. We discuss both spontaneous and motivated processes in both emotional expression and recognition. Further, this chapter attempts to review this material in terms of Brunswik's lens model, which emphasizes the creation of observable cues and their interpretation by others. We also discuss cultural differences that can arise at multiple stages of the emotion process beyond emotional expression and recognition. Namely, individuals across groups can respond differently to nonverbal cues of emotion, which involves differences in the subjective interp retation of events via cognitive appraisal, differences in internal experience, and differences in emotion regulation. These, in turn, can influence accuracy in judging emotion cues across cultures. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved)
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(2016): Selbstsicherheit und soziale Kompetenz. Das Trainingsprogramm TSK mit Basis- und Aufbauübungen. Stuttgart: Klett-Cotta (Leben lernen, Nr. 284)
Abstract: Vorgestellt wird ein für Therapeuten und Klienten als gemeinsamer Leitfaden konzipiertes Trainingsprogramm zum Erwerb sozialer Kompetenz. In 30 Übungsszenen führt das Training durch alle wichtigen sozialen Situationen in graduierter Vorgehensweise. Die beiliegende DVD vertieft den Lernprozess mit Filmsequenzen. Der erste Teil richtet sich speziell an die Teilnehmer des Trainings. Die theoretischen Grundlagen des Sozialen Kompetenztrainings werden im zweiten - an die Therapeuten gerichteten Teil - dargelegt. - Inhalt: (1) Selbstsicherheit und soziale Kompetenz - Was ist das eigentlich? (2) Die Entstehung (Genese) und Aufrechterhaltung von sozialen Ängsten und sozialen Phobien. (3) Durchführung des TSK - Basisübungen - Aufbauübungen. (4) Informationen für Therapeuten.
Keywords: Gesundheit, Interpersonal Interaction, Interpersonale Interaktion, Intervention Program, Psychotherapy & Psychotherapeutic Counseling, self-assurance & social competence, Interventionsprogramm, klinische Psychologie, social anxiety, social interaction, SOCIAL PHOBIA, patients & therapists, Psychotherapie und psychotherapeutische Beratung, social situation, Social Skills, Social Skills Training, Soziale Angst, Soziale Fertigkeiten, Soziale Interaktion, Soziale Phobie, Soziales Kompetenztraining, Sozialtherapie, training program, Training sozialer Fertigkeiten -
(2016): Interkulturelle Psychologie. Verstehen und Handeln in internationalen Kontexten. Göttingen: Hogrefe
Abstract: Dieses Buch beleuchtet auf der Grundlage von psychologischen Theorien und Forschungsergebnissen die psychischen Prozesse, die beim Aufeinandertreffen von Menschen aus verschiedenen Kulturen beteiligt sind. Anhand von Fallbeispielen werden typische interkulturelle Begegnungssituationen geschildert und analysiert. Weitere Kapitel thematisieren, wie interkulturelle Handlungskompetenz entsteht, und zeigen Möglichkeiten auf, diese anhand von interkulturellen Trainings zu fördern. - Inhalt: (1) Einführung: Kultur und interkulturelle Interaktion. (2) Interkulturelles Handeln und psychologische Prozesse. (3) Entwicklung des Selbstbildes, des Fremdbildes und des vermuteten Fremdbildes. (4) Entwicklung des Fremdverstehens. (5) Entwicklung und Wirkungen interpersonaler Interaktionsprozesse in interkulturellen Kontexten [Sozialer Vergleich; Gerechtigkeit; soziale Interdependenz; Macht und soziale Dominanz; soziale Netzwerke; Konflikte; Minoritäten]. . (6) Stress und Stressbewältigung im Kontext interkulturellen Handelns. (7) Entwicklung interkultureller Handlungskompetenz. (8) Interkulturelle Trainings. (9) Interkulturelle Psychologie in der Praxis. zitiert von 4
Keywords: conflict, Context, Cross Cultural Communication, Cross Cultural Psychology, Cultural Sensitivity, dominance, Entreprises multinationales, Ethnopsychologie, Gestion interculturelle, Interpersonal Control, Interpersonal Interaction, Justice, Kulturforschung/ kulturelle Unterschiede, Self-Concept, Sensitivity Training, Social Comparison, social networks, Social Perception, Stress 2015
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(2015): Why Seemingly Trivial Events Sometimes Evoke Strong Emotional Reactions. The Role of Social Exchange Rule Violations. In: The Journal of Social Psychology 155 (6), S. 559-575. DOI: 10.1080/00224545.2015.1084985
DOI: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26331429 Abstract: People sometimes display strong emotional reactions to events that appear disproportionate to the tangible magnitude of the event. Although previous work has addressed the role that perceived disrespect and unfairness have on such reactions, this study examined the role of perceived social exchange rule violations more broadly. Participants (N = 179) rated the effects of another person's behavior on important personal outcomes, the degree to which the other person had violated fundamental rules of social exchange, and their reactions to the event. Results showed that perceptions of social exchange rule violations accounted for more variance in participants' reactions than the tangible consequences of the event. The findings support the hypothesis that responses that appear disproportionate to the seriousness of the eliciting event are often fueled by perceived rule violations that may not be obvious to others. zitiert von 5
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(2015): The prosocial versus proself power holder. How power influences sacrifice in romantic relationships. In: Personality & social psychology bulletin 41 (6), S. 779-790. DOI: 10.1177/0146167215579054
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167215579054 Abstract: Romantic partners often have to sacrifice their interests to benefit their partner or to maintain the relationship. In the present work, we investigated whether relative power within the relationship plays an important role in determining the extent to which partners are likely to sacrifice. Drawing from both classic theories and recent research on power, we tested two competing predictions on the relationship between power and sacrifice in romantic relationships. We tested whether (a) power is negatively related to sacrifice and (b) power is positively related to sacrifice. Furthermore, we also explored whether the association between power and sacrifice is moderated by commitment and inclusion of the other in the self. To test our hypotheses, we used different methodologies, including questionnaires, diary studies, and videotaped interactions. Results across the five studies (N = 1,088) consistently supported the hypothesis that power is negatively related to tendencies to sacrifice in close relationships. zitiert von 21
Keywords: Adult, Courtship, Female, Humans, Interaction, Interpersonal Control, Interpersonal Interaction, Interpersonal Relations, Intimacy, Male, Partnerschaft/ Beziehung, Persönlichkeitspsychologie, POWER, Power (Psychology), Prosocial Behavior, Relationship Quality Medical Subject Headings (MeSH): Adolescent, Romance, Social Behavior, Sozialpsychologie, Young -
(2015): Throwing You Under the Bus. High Power People Knowingly Harm Others When Offered Small Incentives. In: Basic and Applied Social Psychology 37 (5), S. 294-302. DOI: 10.1080/01973533.2015.1081851
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01973533.2015.1081851 Abstract: The potentially exploitative effects of power and incentive were examined. In the study, 250 participants heard a confederate admit or deny a misdeed and were pressured by the experimenter to inform on the confederate, sometimes in exchange for a small reward. The majority of participants knowingly falsely informed on the confederate when put in a position of high power and offered an incentive. Participants truthfully informed on the confederate regardless of power or incentive. Results are interpreted in light of social psychological theories of social power, which suggest that harmful opportunism is a likely but not inevitable effect of empowerment. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
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(2015): Sexism in Language and Talk-in-Interaction. In: Journal of Language and Social Psychology 34 (4), S. 410-426. DOI: 10.1177/0261927X15586574
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0261927X15586574 Abstract: Feminists have long recognised important relationships between language and a gendered social order that disadvantages women. At the establishment of gender and language as a field of academic inquiry, work documented sexism in language—the ways words were used to ignore, narrowly define, or demean women. Using feminist conversation analysis, this article further develops that early work by considering recorded instances of gender and sexism in talk. A broad notion of 'gender trouble' was used to identify 50 relevant cases from everyday interactions. Two sexist language issues that were evident in the collection are presented in this article—the derogation of women and participants’ orientations to gender inclusiveness. The analysis contributes to a better understanding of sexism in language by examining how instances of it unfold over turns of talk. The study is discussed with respect to the methodological tensions inherent in feminist conversation analysis. (PsycI NFO Data base Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
2014
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(2014): Between Persons. How Concepts of the Person Make Moral Experience Possible. In: Ethos 42 (1), S. 31-50. DOI: 10.1111/etho.12037
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/etho.12037 Abstract: Moral theories often conflate morality with society or mind, while detaching mind from society, and society from subjectivity. This eliminates the existential 'space between' persons where morality is a process of making mutually recognized lives possible. Moral experience is a cultural experience of intersubjectivity, which has social and cultural, subjective and reflective, imaginative and practical, and existential and bodily dimensions. Concepts of the person organize the moral possibilities of intersubjectivity; they can help situate culturally formulated ethics in 'the space between persons' in ways that help generate the moral presence afforded others and self. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved) zitiert von 14
2013
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(2013): Warum verhalten wir uns manchmal merkwürdig und unlogisch?. Berlin: Springer Spektrum (Spektrum-Sachbuch)
Abstract: Anhand klassischer sozialpsychologischer Experimente werden Phänomene des Verhaltens von Individuen als Teil der Gruppe beleuchtet. Es wird aufgezeigt, wie sich die Gegenwart anderer in unterschiedlichen Situationen auf den Einzelnen und dessen Verhalten auswirkt. Irrationales, unlogisches und teils merkwürdiges Agieren wird entschlüsselt. Zentrale Themen der Sozialpsychologie wie sozialer Einfluss, Normbildung, Konformität, kognitive Dissonanz und Gruppenverhalten werden dadurch populärwissenschaftlich nahe gebracht. - Inhalt: (1) Und was machen die anderen? (2) Invasion vom Mars! Rette sich, wer kann. (3) Es scheint so, als ob. (4) Ich traue meinen Augen nicht. (5) Du bist doch eine totale Niete. (6) Das ist das Ende der Welt. (7) Machen Sie bitte weiter. (8) Allein traust du dich doch nicht. (9) Nein, ich habe nichts gehört, warum? (10) Lasst mich hier raus. (11) Und wer ist mein Nächster? (12) Verzieh dich, du Idiot. (13) Fortsetzung folgt. zitiert von 2
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(2013): The impact of social context and language comprehension on behaviour. A kinematic investigation. In: PLoS one 8 (12). DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085151
DOI: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24376869 Abstract: We investigated whether and how comprehending sentences that describe a social context influences our motor behaviour. Our stimuli were sentences that referred to objects having different connotations (e.g., attractive/ugly vs. smooth/prickly) and that could be directed towards the self or towards "another person" target (e.g., "The object is ugly/smooth. Bring it to you/Give it to another person"). Participants judged whether each sentence was sensible or non-sensible by moving the mouse towards or away from their body. Mouse movements were analysed according to behavioral and kinematics parameters. In order to enhance the social meaning of the linguistic stimuli, participants performed the task either individually (Individual condition) or in a social setting, in co-presence with the experimenter. The experimenter could either act as a mere observer (Social condition) or as a confederate, interacting with participants in an off-line modality at the end of task execution (Joint condition). Results indicated that the different roles taken by the experimenter affected motor behaviour and are discussed within an embodied approach to language processing and joint actions. zitiert von 4
Keywords: Biomechanical Phenomena/physiology, Comprehension/physiology, Context, Einzelstudie / spezifisch, Female, Humans, Interpersonal Interaction, Italy, Language, Motor Activity/physiology, Male, Motor Processes, Neuropsychological Tests, Observers, Sentence Comprehension, Social Environment, Verhaltensforschung, Young Adult -
(2013): Gender and moral judgments. The role of who is speaking to whom. In: Journal of Gender Studies 22 (4), S. 423-443. DOI: 10.1080/09589236.2012.719314
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09589236.2012.719314 Abstract: This paper describes the significance of interpersonal context in the making of moral judgments. The study reveals the dynamics of moral development with regard to gender and age. The article draws on the social comparison orientation (Guimond et al. 2006) and questions Gilligan’s (1977) structuralist position. The study focuses on the developmental aspect of morality in children aged between 7 and 12, and it specifies how gender identities are context and social role-specific and their impact on information processing. The study engaged some 240 children who finished incomplete narratives. The basic question concerned the process of solving implicit moral dilemmas and its possible dependence on care orientation (associated with femininity) or justice orientation (associated with masculinity). The analysis showed significant developmental changes with age: girls become more care-oriented but only towards opposite-sex peers, whereas boys become more justice-oriented but also onl y towards opposite-sex peers. The results of this study suggest, in accordance with Gilligan to some extent, that ‘care’ and ‘justice’ become naturalized ‘masculine’ and ‘feminine’ identities. However, in contrast to Gilligan’s theory, we observe that these identities develop only in opposition to each other, are social context-specific, and coincide with gender role acceptance in the early teenage years. In other words, the study suggests that in the course of social comparisons, gender becomes an important catalyst for moral conduct. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved) zitiert von 7
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(2013): Human-like interaction skills for the mobile communication robot Robotinho. In: International Journal of Social Robotics 5 (4), S. 549-561. DOI: 10.1007/s12369-013-0206-y
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12369-013-0206-y Abstract: The operation of robotic tour guides in public museums leads to a variety of interactions of these complex technical systems with humans of all ages and with different technical backgrounds. Interacting with a robot is a new experience for many visitors. An intuitive user interface, preferable one that resembles the interaction between human tour guides and visitors, simplifies the communication between robot and visitors. To allow for supportive behavior of the guided persons, predictable robot behavior is necessary. Humanoid robots are able to resemble human motions and behaviors and look familiar to human users that have not interacted with robots so far. Hence, they are particularly well suited for this purpose. In this work, we present our anthropomorphic mobile communication robot Robotinho. It is equipped with an expressive communication head to display emotions. Its multimodal dialog system incorporates gestures, facial expression, body language, and speech. We describe the behaviors that we developed for interaction with inexperienced users in a museum tour guide scenario. In contrast to prior work, Robotinho communicated with the guided persons during navigation between exhibits, not only while explaining an exhibit. We report qualitative and quantitative results from evaluations of Robotinho in RoboCup@Home competitions and in a science museum. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
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(2013): Managing the Moral Implications of Advice in Informal Interaction. In: Research on Language & Social Interaction 46 (4), S. 344-362. DOI: 10.1080/08351813.2013.839095
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/08351813.2013.839095 Abstract: What does advice giving look like among family members? Most conversation analytic research on advice has been in institutional settings, which constrain what speakers can do. Here we analyze advice in the apparently freer environment of telephone calls between mothers and their young adult daughters. We concentrate on how the advice is received. Our analysis shows that the position of 'advice recipient' is a potentially unwelcome identity to occupy because it implies one knows less than the advice giver and indeed that one may be somehow at fault. Advice can be resisted, but choosing to do so seems to depend on what the interactional costs would be. We discuss the implications for studying advice and promoting advice acceptance as well as the way relationality more generally can be constituted in talk. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
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(2013): Von der Bedeutung des Glucks. In: TZI Themenzentrierte Interaktion 27 (1), S. 9-18
Abstract: Die Bedeutung von Gluck und die Beziehungen zwischen Gluck und Moral werden aus der Perspektive der themenzentrierten Interaktion (TZI) betrachtet. Nach einer Bestimmung des Glucksbegriffs (episodisch und ubergreifend) werden historische Stationen der Auffassungen uber das Verhaltnis von Gluck und Moral beleuchtet. Als ein wesentliches Element des Glucks wird der Aspekt der Selbstbestimmung verdeutlicht, der im Konflikte zwischen Gluck und Moral (zwischen Selbstachtung und Rucksicht auf die Anspruche und Gefuhle anderer) bedeutsam ist. Anhand der TZI-Konzeption werden Gluck und Moral anschliessend unter dem Vorzeichen eines "Sowohl-als-auch" als dialektische Einheit der Gegensatze reflektiert.
2012
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(2012): The intersection of justice and leadership. Testing a moderation model of contingent reward and interpersonal fairness. In: European Management Journal 30 (6), S. 490-498. DOI: 10.1016/j.emj.2012.03.003
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2012.03.003 Abstract: Previous studies show the positive impact of contingent reward on satisfaction, but few have examined moderators of this effect. We theorized that interpersonal fairness—treating people with dignity and respect—moderates the contingent reward effect because it creates the situation in which followers can positively engage with contingent reward efforts from their leaders. We therefore examined how interpersonal fairness moderates the contingent reward effect, finding that the positive impact of contingent rewards is stronger as interpersonal fairness increases. The implication of the finding is that using contingent rewards may only be effective when implemented in a polite, respectful manner represented by interpersonal fairness. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
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(2012): Affect and culture
Abstract: Discusses different approaches to explaining cultural similarities and differences. First, the ongoing debate between evolutionary and culture-relativistic approaches is addressed. Then, it is argued that an integrative developmental perspective on the ontogenetic emergence of emotions is of importance in identifying the ontogenetic roots of their cultural similarities and differences. It is further maintained that a developmental perspective can also serve as a validation of indigenous approaches, as well as for cross-cultural comparisons of adult emotions. This approach focuses on emotional expressions as a culturally constructed sign system that mediates between the cultural and psychological spheres.The acquisition of expression signs in interpersonal interaction is suggested to lead to a transformation of biologically determined precursor emotions of neonates into the culturally functional and differentiated emotions of adults. Such an approach is concluded to facilitate the identification of constitutive components of culturally differentiated emotions and their constitutive sociocultural factors that channel common and culture-specific pathways of emotional development. zitiert von 8
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(2012): Emotion and the construal of social situations. Inferences of cooperation versus competition from expressions of anger, happiness, and disappointment. In: Cognition & emotion 26 (3), S. 442-461. DOI: 10.1080/02699931.2011.648174
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2011.648174 Abstract: The notion that emotional expressions regulate social life by providing information is gaining popularity. Prior research on the effects of emotional expressions on observers' inferential processes has focused mostly on inferences regarding the personality traits of the expresser, such as dominance and affiliation. We extend this line of research by exploring the possibility that emotional expressions shape observers' construal of social situations. Across three vignette studies, an interaction partner's expressions of anger, compared to expressions of happiness or disappointment, led observers to construe hypothetical situations as less cooperative, both in dyads and groups. These effects occurred even when factual information regarding the cooperativeness or competitiveness of the situation was provided, attesting to the power of emotional expressions in shaping the construal of social situations. Results are discussed in relation to appraisal theory, reverse appraisals, emotions as social information theory, and the emergence of cooperation in groups and cultures. ztiert von 58
2011
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(2011): Robots without faces: Non-verbal social human-robot interaction. ProQuest Information & Learning.
Abstract: Non-facial and non-verbal methods of affective expression are essential for naturalistic social interaction in robots that are designed to be functional and lack expressive faces (appearance-constrained) such as those used in search and rescue, law enforcement, and military applications. This research identifies five main methods of non-facial and non-verbal affective expression (body movement, posture, orientation, color, and sound). From the psychology, computer science, and robotics literature a set of prescriptive recommendations was distilled for the appropriate nonfacial and non-verbal affective expression methods for each of three proximity zones of interest (intimate: contact–0.46 m, personal: 0.46–1.22 m, and social: 1.22–3.66 m). These recommendations serve as design guidelines for adding retroactively affective expression through software with minimal or no physical modifications to a robot or designing a new robot. This benefits both the human-robot interaction (HRI) and robotics communities. A large-scale, complex human-robot study was conducted to verify these design guidelines using 128 participants, and four methods of evaluation (self-assessments, psychophysiological measures, behavioral observations, and structured interviews) for convergent validity. The study was conducted in a high-fidelity, confined-space simulated disaster site with all robot interactions performed in the dark. This research investigated whether the use of non-facial and non-verbal affective expression provided a mechanism for naturalistic social interaction between a functional, appearance-constrained robot and the human with which it interacted. As part of this research study, the valence and arousal dimensions of the Self-Assessment Manikin (SAM) were validated for use as an assessment tool for future HRI human-robot studies. Also presented is a set of practical recommendations for designing, planning, and executing a successful, large-scale complex human-robot study using appropriate sample sizes and multiple methods of evaluation for validity and reliability in HRI studies. As evidenced by the results, humans were calmer with robots that exhibited non-facial and non-verbal affective expressions for social human-robot interactions in urban search and rescue applications. The results also indicated that humans calibrated their responses to robots based on their first robot encounter. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved)
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(2011) : The origin of fairness. In: Voorhoeve, Alex: Conversations on ethics.: Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, S. 136-154
Abstract: Ken Binmore, a leading contributor to the evolutionary theory of strategic interaction, outlines the ways in which our sense of fairness helps us coordinate with others in mutually advantageous ways by suggesting how to divide the benefits of coordinated action. He also argues that generally this is all that our sense of fairness can motivate us to do; with limited exceptions, it moves us to act only in ways that are in our interests. (For example, under normal circumstances, it won't prompt us to direct aid or resources towards someone in need when it is not in our interest to do so.) Fairness, he concludes, should be stripped of its veneer of nobility.
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(2011): Coordination in Human and Primate Groups. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Abstract: Examines and describes small group coordination. The authors formulate an overview of the basic group challenge (group task) of coordination and describe how the context of the group task regulates the group's functions (effectiveness criteria) for achieving the task. Varying facets of the coordination challenge (coordination entities, mechanisms, dynamics, and levels) are explored. Finally, an inclusive functions-entities-mechanisms-patterns (FEMP) model of group coordination is presented. zitiert von 22
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(2011): Verhaltenskoordination, Mimikry und sprachbegleitende Gestik in der Interaktion. In: Psychotherapie Wissenschaft 1 (1), S. 56-64
Abstract: This article provides a summary of some of the key findings in behavior coordination, including both verbal and nonverbal coordination. Subsequently, the author gives a short introduction to the phenomenon of co-speech gesture. She then describes behavior coordination in the gestural modality. The focus is on a recent experimental study on gestural mimicry by the author and her collaborator and the functions it may serve in conversational interaction. The final part of the article maps out how these findings may be relevant to currently on-going and future research on gesture in health-related and clinical contexts. Ergebnisse im Bereich der Verhaltenskoordinationsforschung (fur verbales und nonverbales Verhalten) werden zusammengefasst und eine kurze Einfuhrung zum Phanomen der sprachbegleitenden Gestik wird gegeben. Dann wird die Verhaltenskoordination in der gestlichen Modalitat besprochen. Dabei wird Bezug genommen auf eine Studie der Autorin und ihrer Mitarbeiterin zur gestlichen Mimikry und assoziierten Funktionen in der Interaktion. Der letzte Teil des Artikels bezieht sich auf die potentielle Relevanz dieser Ergebnisse fur momentan laufende und zukunftige Studien zur Gestik in gesundheitsbezogenen und klinischen Kontexten.