Alle Publikationen
2001
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Zanna, Mark P. (2001): Advances in experimental social psychology. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier
2000
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(2000): Narzissmus, Intersubjektivität und Anerkennung. In: Psyche: Zeitschrift für Psychoanalyse und ihre Anwendung 54 (2), S. 143-171
Abstract: Notes that, traditionally, narcissism is understood as being synonymous with self-love and egocentricity. Drive theory defines it as the libidinous cathexis of the self, a view which the author questions. Instead, he proposes an intersubjective definition. Narcissism originates in the mirror of the object. A narcissistic disorder is an unconscious 'battle for recognition' (Hegel). A model of the intersubjective genesis of self, inspired by W. D. Winnicott (1950-1971) elaborated by C. Bollas (1987) and T. H. Ogden (1989), forms the basis for this interdisciplinary approach, combining Freud's definition of narcissism as 'being loved,' developmental theory in infant research, G. H. Mead's symbolic and interactionalistic concept of adoption of perspective (1934) and the socio-philosophical theory of recognition (A. Honneth, 1994; J. Benjamin, 1948). The present author's central thesis is that only under the paradigm of intersubjectivity can the notorious contradictions of the psychoanalytic concept of narcissism be resolved. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved)
Keywords: Psychoanalyse, Soziale Anerkennung -
(2000): Ehre als Idee, Ideal oder Phantom. Bermerkungen zum Ehrenkodex in amerikanischen und deutschen Schulen. In: Padagogische Rundschau 54 (4), S. 339-376
Abstract: Dieser Beitrag beschaftigt sich mit dem Ehrbegriff und dem Ehrgefuhl in der philosophischen Theorie und in der Dichtung sowie der Bedeutung des Ehrbegriffs und der Aufstellung von Ehrenkodizes im Erziehungsbereich. Der Autor fuhrt dabei insbesondere eigene Erfahrungsbeispiele aus seiner Lehrtatigkeit an amerikanischen Hochschulen an, an denen sogenannte "honor codes" lange Tradition haben, die auf religiosen und militarischen Wurzeln sowie auf den Vorstellungen eines "Geistesadels" beruhen. Es werden Ehrenkodizes und Beispiele fur Sanktionen bei Verstossen aus verschiedenen amerikanischen Universitaten vorgestellt. In Deutschland dagegen spielten Ehrenkodizes vor allem in Erziehungseinrichtungen aus der Bewegung der Landerziehungsheime in den 20er Jahren des 20. Jahrhunderts eine Rolle. Wiederbelebungsversuche derartiger Ideale in gegenwartigen Bildungseinrichtungen in Deutschland scheinen auf wenig Akzeptanz zu stossen. (DIPF/Kr.)
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(2000): The subtlety of emotions. Cambridge, Mass.; London: MIT Press
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(2000): Kleidung als Kommunikationsmedium. In: Soziale Systeme 6 (1), S. 111-135Keywords: Kleidung
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(2000): An interactionist perspective on dominance‐submission. Interpersonal dominance as a dynamic, situationally contingent social skill. In: Communication Monographs 67 (1), S. 96-121. DOI: 10.1080/03637750009376497
Abstract: Dominance-submission in interpersonal interaction typically has been conceptualized as largely a function of either highly stable characteristics of individual actors (e.g., basic temperament, genetic heritage, fixed social roles) or highly dynamic properties of situations (e.g., relational control sequences). Too, the dominance end of the continuum frequently has been infused with negative connotations. Here it is argued that a more balanced and comprehensive perspective is achieved by conceptualizing interpersonal dominance as influenced by a combination of person, situation, and relationship factors and as including positive qualities that also underwrite social competence. Experimental data relevant to this interactionist perspective were examined far the impacts of one traitlike actor variable (self-reported social skills), two situational factors (communication format and message goal), and one relationship factor (acquaintanceship) on dominance displays during dyadic interactions. Sender and receiver perceptions were also triangulated with observational data from trained coders. Results support an interactionist conceptualization of dominance.
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(2000): Facing corrections in the workplace. The influence of perceived face threat on the consequences of managerial reproaches. In: Journal of Applied Communication Research 28 (3), S. 215-234. DOI: 10.1080/00909880009365572
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine whether workplace reproaches differ in their level of perceived face threat and to examine the relationship between perceived face threat and a variety of outcomes. One hundred and four full-time employees completed a survey asking them to describe in detail a time they were reproached by a manager. The survey included scales measuring perceived face threat, interactional fairness, anger, communicative competence, and satisfaction with the outcome of the incident. As predicted, we found that reproaches differ from each other in degree of perceived face threat. In addition, perceived face threat was negatively correlated with interactional fairness, communicative competence, and satisfaction with the outcome of the incident, and positively correlated with anger.
Keywords: time -
(2000): The efficacy of communicative fairness and rhetorical aesthetics in contributions to argumentation. In: Language and speech 43 (Pt 3), S. 229-259. DOI: 10.1177/00238309000430030101
DOI: http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/language/ Abstract: This paper deals with the effects of aesthetic quality and argumentational integrity or fairness on the persuasiveness of contributions to argumentation. Contemporary discussions of aesthetics and morality distinguish three possible relationships: (a) superiority of aesthetics in making contributions persuasive, (b) integrity as a necessary precondition for the efficacy of aesthetics, and (c) a compensatory relationship between aesthetics and integrity. Basic argumentative dialogs were varied in aesthetic quality via the use of figurative language and in fairness via the addition of faulty, insincere, or unjust arguments. Materials were presented in a written (Study I) or spoken form (Study II), and followed with questions exploring cognitive, emotional, and conative aspects of persuasive efficacy. Results of both studies strongly support case (b): Only in arguments perceived as fair can persuasive impact be enhanced by aesthetic means.
Keywords: Esthetics, Fairness, Female, Humans, Male, Persuasive Communication, Semantics, Sozialpsychologie -
(2000): Situational Stratification. A Micro-Macro Theory of Inequality. In: Sociological Theory 18 (1), S. 17-43Keywords: Status / biologische Marker
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(2000): Understanding attachment security in family context. In: Journal of personality and social psychology 78 (2), S. 285-294. DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.78.2.285
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(2000): The impact of animated interface agents: a review of empirical research. In: International Journal of Human-Computer Studies 52 (1), S. 1-22. DOI: 10.1006/ijhc.1999.0325
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1006/ijhc.1999.0325 Abstract: Over the last years, the animation of interface agents has been the target of increasing interest. Largely, this increase in attention is fuelled by speculated effects on human motivation and cognition. However, empirical investigations on the effect of animated agents are still small in number and differ with regard to the measured effects. Our aim is two-fold. First, we provide a comprehensive and systematic overview of the empirical studies conducted so far in order to investigate effects of animated agents on the user's experience, behaviour and performance. Second, by discussing both implications and limitations of the existing studies, we identify some general requirements and suggestions for future studies.
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(2000): Clarifying the concept of respect: Implications for leadership. In: Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies 7, S. 35-49
Abstract: Executive Summary Respect is a pervasive factor in practicing, teaching and studying leadership. In this article the concept of respect is clarified using three methods: review of literature; selection of an inter-related series of seven near-synonyms for respect (subjective sense of the person who is respecting); and creation of a view of respect based on twelve distinct objects of respect (what is respected). Together, the series of near-synonyms and the twelve objects of respect constitute the Integrated Typology of Respect. The author suggests implications for leadership theory development, and the study, practice and teaching of leadership, and closes with conclusions and recommendations for future research.
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(2000) : Zur Rolle von Begrifflichkeiten: Die Auswirkungen eines Gerechtigkeitsrahmens auf die Aufschlüsselung eines moralischen Dilemmas : Eine Forschungsnotiz In: Edelstein, Wolfgang; Nunner-Winkler, Gertrud (Hg.): Moral im sozialen Kontext: 1. Aufl.: Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp (Suhrkamp Taschenbuch Wissenschaft), S. 234-258
Abstract: Anhand ausgewählter empirischer Daten wird belegt, dass moralische Dilemmata im Sinne von L. Kohlberg in einer Gerechtigkeitsperspektive "gerahmt" werden können und dass dieses "Framimg" sich grundlegend von der gewöhnlichen Perspektive unterscheidet. Herangezogen werden dabei moralische Dilemmata im Rahmen von Partnerschaftskonflikten. Es wird versucht, die Effekte eines solchen Gerechtigkeits-Framings angemessen zu interpretieren. In diesem Zusammenhang wird Gerechtigkeit als Repräsentation des Politischen analysiert. zitiert von: 5
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Edelstein, Wolfgang; Nunner-Winkler, Gertrud (Hg.) (2000): Moral im sozialen Kontext. 1. Aufl.. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp (Suhrkamp Taschenbuch Wissenschaft)
Abstract: Philosophische und sozialwissenschaftliche Perspektiven zur Moral im sozialen Kontext werden dokumentiert. Neben Fragen der Definition von Moral und moralischen Prinzipien sowie Fragen der Anwendung auf konkrete Probleme werden Unterschiede im Moralverständnis bei verschiedenen sozialstrukturellen und kulturellen Kontextbedingungen sowie die Bedeutung von Moral bei Fragen der Identitätsbildung behandelt. - Inhalt: (A) Konstitutive Aspekte - Philosophische Fragen zur Definition der Moral. (1) J. Habermas: Richtigkeit versus Wahrheit - Zum Sinn der Sollgeltung moralischer Urteile und Normen. (2) A. Honneth: Zwischen Aristoteles und Kant. Skizze einer Moral der Anerkennung. (3) M. Brumlik: Kontexte der Anerkennung - Kommentar zu Axel Honneths Moral jenseits von Aristoteles und Kant. (4) M. C. Nussbaum: Emotionen und der Ursprung der Moral. (5) A. Blasi: Was sollte als moralisches Verhalten gelten? Das Wesen der "frühen Moral" in der kindlichen Entwicklung. - (B) Anwendungsprobleme. (6) V. Árnason: Diskurs im Kontext. (7) B. Puka: Moralische Nähe und moralisches Urteil: Allgemeine Theorien im persönlichen Kontext. (8) F. K. Oser und R. Reichenbach: Moralische Resilienz - Das Phänomen des "Unglücklichen Moralisten". (9) R. Döbert und N. Juranek: Zur Rolle von Begrifflichkeiten: Die Auswirkungen eines Gerechtigkeitsrahmens auf die Aufschlüsselung eines moralischen Dilemmas - Eine Forschungsnotiz. - (C) Moral im soziokulturellen Kontext. (10) E. Turiel: Unbehagen und Behagen bei kulturellen Praktiken. Es hängt alles davon ab, auf welcher Seite man steht. (11) G. Nunner-Winkler: Wandel in den Moralvorstellungen. Ein Generationenvergleich. (12) J. G. Miller: Verträgt sich Gemeinschaft mit Autonomie? Kulturelle Ideale und empirische Wirklichkeiten. (13) L. Krappmann: Zur Verschiedenheit der Moral in unterschiedlichen Kulturen. Ein Kommentar zu Joan Millers Untersuchungen des Helfens in den USA und Indien. (14) M. Keller und Mitarbeiter: Denken über moralische Verpflichtung und interpersonale Verantwortung im Zusammenhang unterschiedlicher Kulturen. - (D) Moral, Autonomie, Identität. (15) M. Nisan: Parteilichkeit und Identität. Psychologische Forschung zur Bevorzugung von Gruppenmitgliedern. (16) L. Nucci: Kultur, Kontext und die psychologischen Quellen des Begriffs der Menschenrechte. (17) A. Margalit: Vergeben und Vergessen. zitiert von: 38
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(2000): Further exploration of the demeanor hypothesis: The interaction effects of suspects' characteristics and demeanor on police behavior. In: Justice Quarterly 17 (2), S. 235-258. DOI: 10.1080/07418820000096311
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/07418820000096311 Abstract: Recent research has reexamined the hypothesis that suspects' demeanor affects police behavior. Reanalyses have supported this demeanor hypothesis, but none have considered the possible interaction effect of demeanor with other extralegal variables. Utilizing systematic observational data collected in 24 police departments in three metropolitan areas, this research examines whether demeanor and suspects' characteristics interact, and ultimately produce differential patterns of citation, arrest, and the use of force. These estimated interaction effects provide a clearer understanding of the effect of demeanor in different contexts; more important, they acknowledge that officers accept some forms of disrespect but not others, depending on factors outside demeanor alone.
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(2000): Alfred Schütz — Ökonom und/oder Soziologe?. In: KOLNER ZEITSCHRIFT FUR SOZIOLOGIE UND SOZIALPSYCHOLOGIE 52 (4), S. 761-782. DOI: 10.1007/s11577-000-0106-7
Abstract: In 1996, Hartmut Esser published a rational choice model of the "Definition of the Situation" in this journal (KZfSS 48, 1996: 1-34). This work is based on his economic interpretation of the theory of Alfred Schutz, a co-founder of interpretative sociology. This paper analyses Hartmut Esser's attempt to reconstruct the sociological concept of the definition of the situation by means of economic theory. It shows that Esser's misinterpretations and abridgements of the theory of Alfred Schutz (this is especially true of the interactive aspects) lead to considerable discrepancies between Esser and Schutz in modelling the definition of the situation. In his economic modelling of the definition of the situation Esser fails to conceive the sociological essence of this concept (the construction of sense structures) because he formulates a model of rational behavior in accordance with the economic tradition. Schutz, however, advocates the construction of rational models of human behavior, which also includes "irrational" (not utility-maximizing) or "sense"-directed behavior.
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Fischer, Hans Rudi (2000): Wirklichkeit und Welterzeugung. In memoriam Nelson Goodman. Unter Mitarbeit von Nelson Goodman. Kongreß "Weisen der Welterzeugung. Die Wirklichkeit des Konstruktivismus II". 1. Aufl.. Heidelberg: Carl-Auer-Systeme Verl. und Verl.-Buchh
Abstract: Wie sind verschiedene Wirklichkeiten, verschiedene Welten möglich? Wie werden sie erzeugt? Wie sind sie zu kommunizieren und zu verstehen? Welche Rolle spielen Gehirn, Sprache und Kultur bei der Konstitution geistiger Prozesse? Und welche Rolle spielen geistige Prozesse bei der Konstitution von Gehirn, Sprache und Kultur? Zur Beantwortung dieser Fragen haben in den vergangenen Jahren Wissenschaftler unterschiedlicher Disziplinen damit begonnen, auf konstruktivistischer Grundlage ihre Disziplinen neu zu entwerfen und zu erproben. Der vorliegende Band versammelt die wichtigsten Beiträge des konstruktivistischen Diskurses aus Philosophie, Hirnforschung, Psychologie, Linguistik und Psychiatrie. Der Band ist dem unvergeßlichen, vielseitigen Werk des Philosophen Nelson Goodmann gewidmet. - Mit Beiträgen von Jürgen Broschart, Luc Ciompi, Andreas Dörner, Catherine Z. Elgin, Hinderk Emrich, Achim Eschbach, Hans Rudi Fischer, Michael Hanke, Theo Hug, Frieda Hyting, Peter Janich, Johann G. Juchem, Wolfram Köck, Jürgen Kriz, Martin Kurthen, Jens Loenhoff, Sepp Mitterer, Kersten Reich, Gerhard Roth, Gebhard Rusch, Jörn Rüsen, Siegfried J. Schmidt, H. Walter Schmitz, Robert Schwartz, Fritz B. Simon, Wolf Singer, Helm Stierlin, Ludgera Vogt, Ernst von Glasersfeld, Fritz Wallner, Wolfgang Welsch, Hayden White
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(2000): The global etiquette guide to Europe. Everything you need to know for business and travel success. New York: John Wiley (The global etiquette series)
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(2000): Remembering What One Knows and the Construction of the Past. A Comparison of Cultural Consensus Theory and Cultural Schema Theory. In: Ethos 28 (3), S. 275-319. DOI: 10.1525/eth.2000.28.3.275
Abstract: Cultural consensus theory and cultural models theory present distinct perspectives about the nature of individual and cultural knowledge. Anthropologists have not really explored the implications of these differences, nor have they examined these differing perspectives in situations where both are plausible alternatives. Through an analysis of patterns in how individuals diagnosed with diabetes and living in an Anishinaabe (Ojibway) community talked about diabetes and the judgments they made about the relevancy of culturally plausible illness causes, I find, for this data set at least, that cultural models theory provides a better fit. Nevertheless, cultural consensus analysis played a critical role in this determination. Some ideas about the nature of collective memory are examined in light of my findings.
Keywords: Cultural Schema Theory (Schemata), Schemata -
(2000): Strong reciprocity and human sociality. In: Journal of theoretical biology 206 (2), S. 169-179. DOI: 10.1006/jtbi.2000.2111
DOI: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10966755 Abstract: Human groups maintain a high level of sociality despite a low level of relatedness among group members. This paper reviews the evidence for an empirically identifiable form of prosocial behavior in humans, which we call "strong reciprocity", that may in part explain human sociality. A strong reciprocator is predisposed to cooperate with others and punish non-cooperators, even when this behavior cannot be justified in terms of extended kinship or reciprocal altruism. We present a simple model, stylized but plausible, of the evolutionary emergence of strong reciprocity.
Keywords: Altruism, Biological Evolution, Cooperative Behavior, Evolutionsbiologie, Favoriten, Good manners, Humans, Interaktion, Kooperation, Models, Biological, Observablen/Kriterien für sozial angemessenes Verhalten und dessen Bewertung, Reziprozität, Soziale Angemessenheit, Starke Reziprozität, Strong reciprocity model -
(2000): Beyond prejudice as simple antipathy. Hostile and benevolent sexism across cultures. In: Journal of personality and social psychology 79 (5), S. 763-775
Abstract: Investigated the prevalence of hostile sexism (HS) and benevolent sexism (BS) across cultures. 15,000 participants from 19 nations filled out the Ambivalent Sexism Inventory (ASI), and participants of 12 countries also generated up to 10 characteristic personality traits of women in free-response format. United Nations indices of gender equality in the countries participating were also taken into account. Results show that BS and HS correlate positively across countries, HS is connected with the ascription of negative and BS with the ascription of positive traits to women, and women are more likely to reject HS than BS (as compared to men) especially when the overall level of sexism in the country is high. It is concluded that the normal assumption that prejudice is an antipathy in which BS reflects inequality and is cross-culturally complementary to HS is incorrect. zitiert von 943
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(2000): Action and embodiment within situated human interaction. In: Journal of Pragmatics 32 (10), S. 1489-1522. DOI: 10.1016/S0378-2166(99)00096-X
Abstract: A theory of action must come to terms with both the details of language use and the way in which the social, cultural, material and sequential structure of the environment where action occurs figure into its organization. In this paper it will be suggested that a primordial site for the analysis of human language, cognition, and action consists of a situation in which multiple participants are attempting to carry out courses of action in concert with each other through talk while attending to both the larger activities that their current actions are ambedded within, and relevant phenomena in their surround. Using as data video recordings of young girls playing hopscotch and archaeologists classifying color, it will be argued that human action is built throught the simultaneous deployment of a range of quite different kinds of semiotic resources. Talk itself contains multiple sign systems with alternative properties. Strips of talk gain their power as social action via their placement within larger sequential structures, encompassing activities, and participation frameworks constituted through displays of mutual orientation made by the actors' bodies. The body is used in a quite different way to perform gesture, again a class of phenomena that encompasses structurally different types of sign systems. Both talk and gesture can index, construe or treat as irrelevant, entities in the participants' surround. Moreover, material structure in the surround, such as graphic fields of various types, can provide semiotic structure without which the constitution of particular kinds of action being invoked through talk would be impossible. In brief it will be argued that the construction of action through talk within situated interaction is accomplished through the temporally unfolding juxtaposition of quite different kinds of semiotic resources, and that moreover through this process the human body is made publicly visible as the site for a range of structurally different kinds of displays implicated in the constitution of the actions of the moment.
Keywords: POWER -
(2000): Systemische Therapie und Supervision in multikulturellen Kontexten. In: System Familie 13 (1), S. 3-13. DOI: 10.1007/s004910050002
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s004910050002 Abstract: Der systemische Ansatz ist für multikulturelle Beratungskontexte besonders nützlich. Es werden verschiedene Vorgehensweisen vorgeschlagen, die Zugang zu den Personen anderer Kulturkreise ermöglichen. Eine besondere „Verfremdung“ ergibt sich aus der Verbindung des Textes mit den Schriften eines arabischen Mystikers: sieben „Tälern der Erkenntnis“ werden sieben Problembereiche systemischen Handeln in multikulturellen Kontexten zugeordnet. Theoretische Aspekte werden diskutiert (spez. das Konzept der Erwartungs-Erwartungen), die Übertragung verschiedener systemischer Methoden (z.B. zirkuläres Fragen, Genogrammarbeit, Joining usw.) auf dieses Feld wird beschrieben und in zahlreichen Beispielen erläutert.
Keywords: Bekanntheitsgrad, Beratung, Erwartungen, Erwartungserwartung, Formalisierbarkeit, Fremdheit, Interaktion, Intercultural, Intercultural communication, Interkulturalität, Kultur, Kulturkontakt, Perspektivenpluralismus, Psychologie, Sozialer Raum / Kultureller Kontext, Systemischer Ansatz, systemisches Handeln, Systemtheorie -
(2000): Meaning Well and Global Good Manners. Reflections on White Western Feminist Cross-cultural Praxis. In: Australian Feminist Studies 15 (33), S. 387-399. DOI: 10.1080/713611987
Abstract: In this article we want to engage with white feminist praxis. Reflecting our own positionings, we bring together some issues raised in cross-cultural encounters between black, Indigenous, and Third World feminists on the one hand, and white Western middle-class feminists on the other. In so doing we range from international development contexts, engagements between Indigenous and non-Indigenous feminists in Australia.
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Hahn, Alois (2000): Konstruktionen des Selbst, der Welt und der Geschichte: Aufsätze zur Kultursoziologie.. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp
Keywords: Youssef, Ramy