Alle Publikationen
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2017
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(2017): Online Recognition of Daily Activities by Color-Depth Sensing and Knowledge Models. In: SENSORS 17 (7)
Abstract: Visual activity recognition plays a fundamental role in several research fields as a way to extract semantic meaning of images and videos. Prior work has mostly focused on classification tasks, where a label is given for a video clip. However, real life scenarios require a method to browse a continuous video flow, automatically identify relevant temporal segments and classify them accordingly to target activities. This paper proposes a knowledge-driven event recognition framework to address this problem. The novelty of the method lies in the combination of a constraint-based ontology language for event modeling with robust algorithms to detect, track and re-identify people using color-depth sensing (Kinect® sensor). This combination enables to model and recognize longer and more complex events and to incorporate domain knowledge and 3D information into the same models. Moreover, the ontology-driven approach enables human understanding of system decisions and facilitates knowledge transfer across different scenes. The proposed framework is evaluated with real-world recordings of seniors carrying out unscripted, daily activities at hospital observation rooms and nursing homes. Results demonstrated that the proposed framework outperforms state-of-the-art methods in a variety of activities and datasets, and it is robust to variable and low-frame rate recordings. Further work will investigate how to extend the proposed framework with uncertainty management techniques to handle strong occlusion and ambiguous semantics, and how to exploit it to further support medicine on the timely diagnosis of cognitive disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease.
Keywords: activities of daily living, activity recognition, assisted living, Bildsemantik, color-depth sensing, complex events, Ereigniserkennung, Ereignisverständnis, frame semantics, Informations- & Kommunikationstechnik, Knowledge representation, Kognitive Skills/Social Cognition, Mensch-Technik-Relationen (MTR), people detection and tracking, Realtechnik, senior monitoring, Sprachverstehen, Technik, Voraussetzungen für sozial angemessenes Verhalten, Weltwissen -
(2017): The human element: Social leveraging of user engagement with assisted living technology. In: Interacting with Computers 29 (3), S. 438-454
Abstract: Research into user engagement with assisted living technology (ALT) has investigated design issues including usability, functionality and aesthetics; looked at user attitude and acceptance research; and examined social factors including the need to create ALT which appropriately supports the relationship between users and service providers. Based on an empirical case study of older persons’ independent living services offered by a large UK housing provider, we propose that there is a further, key dimension of ALT user engagement: social leveraging. We show how user engagement with key ALT including personal pendant alarms, pull cords and intercoms is shaped and supported in important ways by the ongoing social interaction of residents and skilled staff at independent living schemes. We discuss implications of social leveraging for reconsidering the importance of human resource as part of independent living services, during a time of transition to new technological models, and in light of current funding and organizational priorities. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved)
2015
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(2015) : Perception of Affective Body Movements in HRI across Age Groups: Comparison between Results from Denmark and Japan: 2015 International Conference on Culture and Computing (Culture Computing): Kyoto, Japan: IEEE, S. 25-32
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/Culture.and.Computing.2015.14 Abstract: Social robots are envisioned to move into unrestricted environments where they will be interacting with naive users (in terms of their experience as robot operators). Thus, these robots are also envisioned to exploit interaction channels that are natural to humans like speech, gestures, or body movements. A specificity of these interaction channels is that humans do not only convey task-related information but also more subtle information like e.g. Emotions or personal stance through these channels. Thus, to be successful and not accidentally jeopardizing an interaction, robots need to be able to understand these implicit connotations of the signals (often called social signal processing) in order to generate appropriate signals in a given interaction context. One main application area that is envisioned for social robots is related to elder care, but little is known on how seniors will perceive robots and the signals they produce. In this paper we focus on affective connotations of body movements and investigate how the perception of body movements of robots is related to age. Inspired by a study from Japan, we introduce culture as a variable in the experiment and discuss the difficulties of cross-cultural comparisons. The results show that there are certain age-related differences in the perception of affective body movements, but not as strong as in the original study. A follow up experiment puts the affective body movements into context and shows that recognition rates deteriorate for older participants.
Keywords: affective body movement perception, affective body movements, age groups, age-related differences, Angemessen(heit) (von Technik), assisted living, Context, cross-cultural analysis, Cultural differences, culturally aware technology, Denmark, elder care, emotion information, Face, HRI, Human Factors, Human robot interaction, Humanoid Robots, human-robot interaction, ieee xplore, implicit connotation, interaction channels, Japan, Legged locomotion, Observers, personal stance information, robot operators, Robots, service robot, social robots, social signal processing, task-related information, TV, unrestricted environments, Videos 2014
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(2014): Personal remote assistance in Ambient Assisted Living - Experimental research of elderly people's trust and their intention to use. In: International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction 30 (7). Online verfügbar unter URL: http://www.hcirn.com/res/period/ijhci.php
Abstract: Analyzed the meaning of two different support functions regarding the use of Ambient Assisted Living (AAL). 32 older persons (mean age 69 years) and a younger control group (n = 21; mean age 24 years) were examined in an experiment with three different tasks using a tablet computer. The first group operated with a mock-up that provided personal remote assistance (PRA) and the second group with one that provided embedded technical assistance (ETA). The main results show that older participants with PRA solve significantly more tasks than people with ETA. Moreover, a significant influence of perceived ease of use with PRA is revealed. Multiple regressions in the senior sample highlight a significant connection between trust in AAL technology and perceived reliability as well as perceived ease of use. No significant correlation between the type of assistance and older persons' trust, as well as an intention to use AAL, was found.
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(2014): Personal remote assistance in Ambient Assisted Living - Experimental research of elderly people's trust and their intention to use. In: International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction 30 (7). Online verfügbar unter URL: http://www.hcirn.com/res/period/ijhci.php
Abstract: Analyzed the meaning of two different support functions regarding the use of Ambient Assisted Living (AAL). 32 older persons (mean age 69 years) and a younger control group (n = 21; mean age 24 years) were examined in an experiment with three different tasks using a tablet computer. The first group operated with a mock-up that provided personal remote assistance (PRA) and the second group with one that provided embedded technical assistance (ETA). The main results show that older participants with PRA solve significantly more tasks than people with ETA. Moreover, a significant influence of perceived ease of use with PRA is revealed. Multiple regressions in the senior sample highlight a significant connection between trust in AAL technology and perceived reliability as well as perceived ease of use. No significant correlation between the type of assistance and older persons' trust, as well as an intention to use AAL, was found.
2013
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(2013) : Accompany: Acceptable robotiCs COMPanions for AgeiNG Years — Multidimensional aspects of human-system interactions: 2013 6th International Conference on Human System Interactions (HSI): Sopot, Poland: IEEE, S. 570-577
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/HSI.2013.6577882 Abstract: With changes in life expectancy across the world, technologies enhancing well-being of individuals, specifically for older people, are subject to a new stream of research and development. In this paper we present the ACCOMPANY project, a pan-European project which focuses on home companion technologies. The projects aims to progress beyond the state of the art in multiple areas such as empathic and social human-robot interaction, robot learning and memory visualisation, monitoring persons and chores at home, and technological integration of these multiple approaches on an existing robotic platform, Care-O-Bot®3 and in the context of a smart-home environment utilising a multitude of sensor arrays. The resulting prototype from integrating these developments undergoes multiple formative cycles and a summative evaluation cycle towards identifying acceptable behaviours and roles for the robot for example role as a butler or a trainer. Furthermore, the evaluation activities will use an evaluation grid in order to assess achievement of the identified user requirements, formulated in form of distinct scenarios. Finally, the project considers ethical concerns and by highlighting principles such as autonomy, independence, enablement, safety and privacy, it embarks on providing a discussion medium where user views on these principles and the existing tension between some of these principles for example tension between privacy and autonomy over safety, can be captured and considered in design cycles and throughout project developments.
Keywords: acceptable robotics companions for ageing years, ACCOMPANY project, assisted living, autonomy principle, Cameras, Care-O-BotR®3, chore monitoring, Context, design cycles, empathic human-robot interaction, enablement principle, ethical aspects, ethical concerns, home companion technologies, human-robot interaction, human-system interactions, ieee xplore, independence principle, individual well-being enhancement, Life Expectancy, memory visualisation, Moral & Ethik, pan-European project, person monitoring, privacy principle, project developments, Robot kinematics, robot learning, Robot vision systems, robotic platform, safety principle, Senior citizens, sensor arrays, service robot, smart-home environment, social aspects of automation, social human-robot interaction, summative evaluation cycle 2011
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(2011): E-Health, Assistive Technologies and Applications for Assisted Living. Philadelphia, PA: IGI Global
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60960-469-1 Abstract: E-health technologies will play an increasingly important role in the coming years, as more and more older people will require medical care and support. Due to the prevalent demographic changes and the continuously decreasing number of nursing staff and caregivers, there is an increased need for intelligent medical technologies, which enable people to live independently at home. E-Health, Assistive Technologies and Applications for Assisted Living: Challenges and Solutions reviews existing literature in assistive technologies and provides suggestions and solutions for improving the quality of assisted living facilities and residences through the use of e-health systems and services.
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(2011): Vom Nutzen intelligenter Technik im Alter : Akzeptanz von Assistenzsystemen für Gesundheit und Sicherheit. In: Archiv für Wissenschaft und Praxis der sozialen Arbeit 42 (3). Online verfügbar unter Archiv für Wissenschaft und Praxis der sozialen Arbeit, 42, (3), pp. 40-50. 2011. URL: http://verlag.deutscher-verein.de/index.php?main
Abstract: Die neue Generation von intelligenten Technologien unterstützt die selbstständige Lebensführung im Alter. Besonders wichtig werden solche Lösungen und Systeme, die Gesundheit, Sicherheit und "Home Care" unterstützen, da es immer mehr ältere Menschen mit gesundheitlichen Einschränkungen geben wird. Die Frage ist jedoch, ob ältere Menschen diese Technologien akzeptieren. In der Studie "Akzeptanz von Ambient Assisted Living (AAL) - Technologien zur Unterstützung der Gesundheit und Sicherheit" wurde untersucht, ob moderne Technik von älteren, kranken oder auch behinderten Menschen, also den potenziellen Nutzern, akzeptiert und gewünscht wird. (Autorenreferat)
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(2011) : Medical Technology in Smart Homes: Exploring the User's Perspective on Privacy, Intimacy and Trust: IEEE 35th Annual Computer Software and Applications Conference workshops (COMPSACW), 2011: 18 - 22 July 2011, Munich, Germany ; proceedings: 2011 IEEE 35th IEEE Annual Computer Software and Applications Conference Workshops (COMPSACW): Munich, Germany: 7/18/2011 - 7/22/2011. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers; IEEE Computer Society; IEEE Annual Computer Software and Applications Conference (COMPSAC); Annual IEEE International Computer Software and Applications Conference; IEEE Annual Computer Software and Applications Conference; Compsacw; IEEE International Workshop on Software Cybernetics (IWSC); IEEE International Workshop on Open NGN and IMS Testbeds (ONIT); IEEE International Workshop on Security, Trust, and Privacy for Software Applications (STPSA); IEEE International Workshop on Software Test Automation (STA); IEEE International Workshop on Component-Based Design of Resource-Constrained Systems (CORCS); IEEE International Workshop on Industrial Experience in Embedded System Design (IEESD); IEEE International Workshop on Applied Cloud Computing (CloudApp); IEEE International Workshop on Quality Oriented Reuse of Software (QUORS); IEEE International Workshop on Computer Forensics in Software Engineering (CFSE); IEEE International Workshop on Engineering Semantic Agent Systems (ESAS); IEEE International Workshop on Security Aspects of Process and Services Engineering (SAPSE); IEEE International Workshop on Service Science and Systems (SSS); IEEE International Workshop on Requirements Engineering for Services (REFS); IEEE International Workshop on Program Debugging (IWPD): Piscataway, NJ: IEEE, S. 410-415
Abstract: This paper reports on a study exploring the attitudes of users towards video-based monitoring systems for long-term care of elderly or disabled people in smart home environments. The focus of the study was on investigating the willingness of users to accept medical technology in their homes and the specific conditions under which continuous monitoring would be acceptable. Using the questionnaire method, a total of 165 users (17-95 years) were examined regarding privacy, intimacy and trust issues for medical technology in homes. The results highlight trust and privacy as central requirements, especially when implemented within private spaces. The reported concerns were mostly insensitive to gender and age. Overall, it was revealed that acceptance issues and users' needs and wants should be seriously considered in order to successfully design new medical technologies.
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