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  • 2015

  • Hoffmann, John P. (2015) : Religion. Morality and Social Control In: Wright, James D.: International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences (Second Edition): Oxford: Elsevier, S. 333-337

    Abstract: Religion, morality, and social control have been inexorably linked for centuries. In fact, some argue that morality and social control are derived fundamentally from religion. Dominant religious bodies in many societies define correct behavior, codify conduct, and establish social control systems designed to enforce systems of behaviors. This article begins with a discussion of morality, including its definition in the social sciences and how it both influences and is influenced by society. Social control is treated similarly, with attention to different types of control, distinct types of social control organizations, whether social control is unduly influenced by elite members of society, and whether its differential impact on people is distinguished by class, race/ethnicity, and gender. The role of religion in defining and being affected by morality and social control is presented next. This section addresses how various aspects of religion affect moral behaviors and serve as social control mechanisms. The final section discusses how religion is sometimes cast as immoral and deviant.

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