Alle Publikationen
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2014
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(2014): Is stress affecting our ability to tune into others? Evidence for gender differences in the effects of stress on self-other distinction. In: Psychoneuroendocrinology 43, S. 95-104. DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2014.02.006
DOI: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24703175 Abstract: Stress is a ubiquitous challenge in society as we consistently interact with others under the influence of stress. Distinguishing self- from other-related mental representations plays an important role for social interactions, and is a prerequisite for crucial social skills such as action understanding, empathy, and mentalizing. Little is known, however, about the effects of stress on self-other distinction. We assessed how acute stress impacts self-other distinction in the perceptual-motor, the affective, and the cognitive domain, in a male and female sample. In all domains, the results show opposing effects of stress on the two genders: while women showed increases in self-other distinction, men showed decreases. Our findings suggest that women flexibly disambiguate self and other under stress, enabling accurate social responses, while men respond with increased egocentricity and less adaptive regulation. This has crucial implications for explaining gender differences in social skills such as empathy and prosociality. zitiert von 72
Keywords: Adolescent, Adult, Ego, Einzelstudie / spezifisch, Empathy/physiology, Female, Gender, Geschlechterforschung, Heart Rate, Humans, Hydrocortisone/metabolism, Imitative Behavior, Interpersonal Relations, Kognitionswissenschaften, Male, Sex Characteristics, Stress, Psychological/psychology, Young Adult 2012
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(2012): Anticipatory stress interferes with utilitarian moral judgment. In: Judgment and Decision Making (Online Journal) 7 (1), S. 61-68
Abstract: A recent study indicates that acute stress affects moral decision making (Youssef et al., in press). The current study examines whether results can be replicated using a different kind of stressor and a different kind of stress measurement. 49 students aged between 20 and 38 years were assigned either to a stress group (N= 24) or a control group (N= 25). Stress group participants were told they would have three minutes to prepare to give a public speech; the control group participants were asked to think about their last vacation. Stress levels and stress responses were assessed with questionnaires and heart rate measures before and after the stress induction/control condition. All participants performed a moral decision-making task describing moral dilemmas. These dilemmas were either personal or impersonal and each offered a utilitarian and a nonutilitarian option. Acutely stressed participants, compared to control participants, made fewer utilitarian judgments and needed longer for making a decision. Individual physiological stress response was related to fewer utilitarian judgments. Results are in line with those previously found, although different instruments were used. zitiert von: 50
2006
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(2006): Effects of Provocation on Emotions and Aggression. An Experimental Study with Aggressive Children. In: Swiss Journal of Psychology 65 (2), S. 117-124. DOI: 10.1024/1421-0185.65.2.117
Abstract: Examined the effects of an experimentally induced provocation on emotions and aggression in 34 aggressive conduct-disordered children using a competitive reaction time paradigm. Two experimental conditions were created, an increasing provocation and a low constant provocation condition. Self-rated anger was assessed directly after provocation on a 5-point visual scale. In addition, negative and positive emotions as well as physiological measures (heart rate and skin conductance level) were measured at baseline and after provocation. Results revealed that participants' aggressive behavior and subjective emotions differed as a function of the opponent's level of provocation. Concerning physiological parameters, no significant differences were found between the experimental conditions. The results suggest that affective, but not physiological variables characterize reactive aggression in conduct-disordered children. zitiert von 10
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