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  • 2015

  • Allemand, Mathias; Steiger, Andrea E.; Fend, Helmut A. (2015): Empathy development in adolescence predicts social competencies in adulthood. In: Journal of personality 83 (2), S. 229-241. DOI: 10.1111/jopy.12098

    DOI: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24684661 

    Abstract: This 23-year study explored the predictive associations between empathy development in adolescence and self-reported social competencies and outcomes in adulthood. Participants were 1,527 adults aged 35 years (48.3% female). The predictor variable (adolescent empathy) was measured yearly at the ages of 12 to 16 years. The outcome variables (adult empathy, communication skills, social integration, relationship satisfaction, and conflicts in relationships) were measured at the age of 35 years. Five important results stand out. First, longitudinal measurement invariance was established for the measure of adolescent empathy. Second, empathy tended to increase during the adolescent years. Third, significant interindividual differences in level and change of adolescent empathy were found. Fourth, gender was related to level of adolescent empathy, favoring girls over boys. Fifth, not only level but also change in adolescent empathy predicted individual differences in social competencies in adulthood two decades later. These findings demonstrate that developmental processes that are relevant for adjustment reveal long-term social consequences beyond the adolescent years. zitiert von 60

    Keywords: Adolescent, Adolescent Development/physiology, Adult, Child, Development, Einzelstudie / spezifisch, Empathy/physiology, Entwicklungspsychologie, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Individuality, Kommunikation, Male, Sex Factors, Social Skills

  • 2014

  • Lüscher, Janina; Ochsner, Sibylle; Knoll, Nina; Stadler, Gertraud; Hornung, Rainer; Scholz, Urte (2014): Examining gender differences in received, provided, and invisible social control. An application of the dual-effects model. In: Anxiety, stress, and coping 27 (6), S. 678-694. DOI: 10.1080/10615806.2014.892585

    DOI: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24517507 

    Abstract: The dual-effects model of social control not only assumes that social control leads to better health practices but also arouses psychological distress. However, findings are inconsistent. The present study advances the current literature by examining social control from a dyadic perspective in the context of smoking. In addition, the study examines whether control, continuous smoking abstinence, and affect are differentially related for men and women. Before and three weeks after a self-set quit attempt, we examined 106 smokers (77 men, mean age: 40.67, average number of cigarettes smoked per day: 16.59 [SD=8.52, range=1-40] at baseline and 5.27 [SD=6.97, range=0-40] at follow-up) and their nonsmoking heterosexual partners, assessing received and provided control, continuous abstinence, and affect. With regard to smoker's affective reactions, partner's provided control was related to an increase in positive and to a decrease in negative affect, but only for female smokers. Moreover, the greater the discrepancy between smoker received and partner's provided control was the more positive affect increased and the more negative affect decreased, but again only for female smokers. These findings demonstrate that female smokers' well-being was raised over time if they were not aware of the control attempts of their nonsmoking partners, indicating positive effects of invisible social control. This study's results emphasize the importance of applying a dyadic perspective and taking gender differences in the dual-effects model of social control into account. zitiert von 7

    Keywords: Adult, Affect, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Geschlechterforschung, Gesundheit, Health Behavior, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Models, Psychological, Motivation, Sex Factors, Sexual Partners/psychology, Smoking Cessation/psychology, Smoking/psychology, social control, Social Control, Informal/methods, Switzerland, Verhaltensforschung, Young Adult

  • 2013

  • Selcuk, Emre; Ong, Anthony D. (2013): Perceived partner responsiveness moderates the association between received emotional support and all-cause mortality. In: Health psychology: Official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association 32 (2), S. 231-235. DOI: 10.1037/a0028276

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/a0028276 

    Abstract: OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate whether perceived partner responsiveness (PPR) moderates the association between received partner emotional support (RPES) and all-cause mortality in a national U.S. sample. METHOD Data were from the National Survey of Midlife Development in the United States, a national probability survey of health and aging. Participants included respondents who were married or cohabiting with a romantic partner. RESULTS Hierarchical logistic regression analyses indicated that after adjusting for demographics, physical health status, health behaviors, psychological symptoms, and personality traits, high RPES was associated with increased mortality risk among participants who reported low PPR, but it was unrelated to mortality risk among participants who reported high PPR. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to document that perceived partner responsiveness moderates the association between received partner emotional support and mortality risk, thus contributing to the literature on the contextual factors altering the effects of received support on health outcomes.

    Keywords: Adult, Cause of Death, Emotions, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Male, Middle Aged, Risk Assessment, Sexual Partners/psychology, Social Support, United States/epidemiology

  • 2009

  • Cotugno, Albert J. (2009): Social competence and social skills training and intervention for children with Autism Spectrum Disorders. In: JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS 39 (9), S. 1268-1277. DOI: 10.1007/s10803-009-0741-4

    DOI: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19365716 

    Abstract: This study examined the effectiveness of a 30 week social competence and social skills group intervention program with children, ages 7-11, diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). Eighteen children with ASD were assessed with pretreatment and posttreatment measures on the Walker-McConnell Scale (WMS) and the MGH YouthCare Social Competence Development Scale. Each received the 30-week intervention program. For comparison, a matched sample of ten non-ASD children was also assessed, but received no treatment. The findings indicated that each ASD intervention group demonstrated significant gains on the WMS and significant improvement in the areas of anxiety management, joint attention, and flexibility/transitions. Results suggest that this approach can be effective in improving core social deficits in individuals with ASD.

    Keywords: Anxiety, Attention, Autistic Disorder, Awareness, Behavior Therapy, Character development, Child, Communication, Diagnosis, Disziplin, Erziehung, Erziehungswissenschaften, Female, Follow-Up Studies, (Freiheit von) Ängsten, Group, Group Processes, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Kinder, Kognitive Skills, Male, Mensch mit Behinderung, Methods, Negotiating, Personal Construct Theory, Personality Assessment, Postkasten, Problem Solving, PSYCHOLOGY, Psychotherapie, Social Adjustment, Social Behavior, Social Cognition, social competence training, social competences, social learning, Soziale Angemessenheit, Sozialkompetenz, SV, Therapy
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