Alle Publikationen
- <<
- <
- 1
2016
-
(2016): DeeperCut. A Deeper, Stronger, and Faster Multi-Person Pose Estimation Model. Online verfügbar unter http://arxiv.org/pdf/1605.03170v3
Abstract: The goal of this paper is to advance the state-of-the-art of articulated pose estimation in scenes with multiple people. To that end we contribute on three fronts. We propose (1) improved body part detectors that generate effective bottom-up proposals for body parts; (2) novel image-conditioned pairwise terms that allow to assemble the proposals into a variable number of consistent body part configurations; and (3) an incremental optimization strategy that explores the search space more efficiently thus leading both to better performance and significant speed-up factors. Evaluation is done on two single-person and two multi-person pose estimation benchmarks. The proposed approach significantly outperforms best known multi-person pose estimation results while demonstrating competitive performance on the task of single person pose estimation. Models and code available at http://pose.mpi-inf.mpg.de
-
(2016): Service robots. System design for tracking people through data fusion and initiating interaction with the human group by inferring social situations. In: Robotics and Autonomous Systems 83, S. 188-202. DOI: 10.1016/j.robot.2016.05.004
Abstract: In a situation where a robot initiates conversation with a group of people, questions such as "where is the people group?" and "whether the robot should approach them?" should be addressed. This paper develops a new system that enables a robot to determine whether or not it should approach the aforementioned human group and interact with them after identifying what the current social situation is. The system is mainly to fuse depth-related data to track the positions of a group of people, extract social cues of those people by using depth-related data and a decision network (DN) model, and the main challenge lies in understanding the social cues of the group and the current underlying social situation concerning the relation between the robot and the group. The social cues are based on Proxemics and F-formations, whereas the social situations are categorized as individual-to-individual, individual-to-robot, robot-to-individual, group-to-robot, robot-to-group, confidential discussion and group discussion. Our system proceeds as follows : once a group of people are detected and the social cues of that target group of people are extracted, the corresponding social situation is appropriately inferred, and in turn the robot decides whether it should initiate conversation with the group based on rules to be specified later. The conducted experimental results demonstrate the properness of the system design and the efficacy of the proposed method in recognizing the social cues among individuals of the group as well as the nature of the social situations concerning the group and the robot.
Keywords: Design, Disziplin, Favoriten, F-Formationen, HMI depending on social cues, Ingenieurswissenschaft, Mensch-Technik-Relationen (MTR), Modelle/Theorien, Observablen/Kriterien für sozial angemessenes Verhalten und dessen Bewertung, Proxemik, Realtechnik, Serviceroboter, Sozial Intelligente Agenten, Soziale Robotik, Status / biologische Marker, Technik 2015
-
(2015): Rural N(SO) and German middle-class mothers' interaction with their 3- and 6-month-old infants. A longitudinal cross-cultural analysis. In: Journal of family psychology : JFP : journal of the Division of Family Psychology of the American Psychological Association (Division 43) 29 (4), S. 649-655. DOI: 10.1037/fam0000100
DOI: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26075741 Abstract: This study aims to analyze culture-specific development of maternal interactional behavior longitudinally. Rural Cameroonian Nso mothers (n = 72) and German middle-class mothers (n = 106) were observed in free-play interactions with their 3- and 6-month-old infants. Results reveal the expected shift from a social to a nonsocial focus only in the German middle-class mothers' play interactions but not the rural Nso mothers' play. Nso mothers continue their proximal interactional style with a focus on body contact and body stimulation, whereas German middle-class mothers prefer a distal style of interaction with increasing object-centeredness. These cultural differences are in line with broader cultural models and become more accentuated as the infants grow older.
Keywords: Adult, Cross-Cultural Comparison, culture specific, Female, Germany, Humans, Infant, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Maternal Behavior/ethnology/psychology, Mother-Child Relations, Mothers/psychology, Play and Playthings/psychology, Proxemik, Rural Population/statistics & numerical data, Status / biologische Marker -
(2015): From Proxemics Theory to Socially-Aware Navigation: A Survey. In: International Journal of Social Robotics 7 (2), S. 137-153. DOI: 10.1007/s12369-014-0251-1
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12369-014-0251-1 Abstract: In the context of a growing interest in modelling human behavior to increase the robots’ social abilities, this article presents a survey related to socially-aware robot navigation. It presents a review from sociological concepts to social robotics and human-aware navigation. Social cues, signals and proxemics are discussed. Socially aware behavior in terms of navigation is tackled also. Finally, recent robotic experiments focusing on the way social conventions and robotics must be linked is presented.
2013
-
(2013) : Feature-Based Prediction of Trajectories for Socially Compliant Navigation In: Roy, Nicholas; Newman, Paul; Srinivasa, Siddhartha (Hg.): Robotics: Science and systems VIII: Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/9816.003.0030 Abstract: Mobile robots that operate in a shared environmentwith humans need the ability to predict the movements ofpeople to better plan their navigation actions. In this paper, wepresent a novel approach to predict the movements of pedestrians.Our method reasons about entire trajectories that arise frominteractions between people in navigation tasks. It applies amaximum entropy learning method based on features that capturerelevant aspects of the trajectories to determine the probabilitydistribution that underlies human navigation behavior. Hence, ourapproach can be used by mobile robots to predict forthcominginteractions with pedestrians and thus react in a socially compliantway. In extensive experiments, we evaluate the capability andaccuracy of our approach and demonstrate that our algorithmoutperforms the popular social forces method, a state-of-the-artapproach. Furthermore, we show how our algorithm can be usedfor autonomous robot navigation using a real robot.
-
(2013): Automated Proxemic Feature Extraction and Behavior Recognition. Applications in Human-Robot Interaction. In: International Journal of Social Robotics 5 (3), S. 367-378. DOI: 10.1007/s12369-013-0189-8
Abstract: Abstract In this work, we discuss a set of feature representations for analyzing human spatial behavior (proxemics) motivated by metrics used in the social sciences. Specifically, we consider individual, physical, and psychophysical factors that contribute to social spacing. We demonstrate the feasibility of autonomous real-time annotation of these proxemic features during a social interaction between two people and a humanoid robot in the presence of a visual obstruction (a physical barrier). We then use two different feature representations-physical and psychophysical-to train Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) to recognize spatiotemporal behaviors that signify transitions into (initiation) and out of (termination) a social interaction. We demonstrate that the HMMs trained on psychophysical features, which encode the sensory experience of each interacting agent, outperform those trained on physical features, which only encode spatial relationships. These results suggest a more powerful representation of proxemic behavior with particular implications in autonomous socially interactive and socially assistive robotics.
Keywords: Assistenztechnik, doppelter Treffer, Favoriten, Ingenieurswissenschaft, Interaktion, Interaktionsaustritt, Interaktionseintritt, Mensch-Technik-Relationen (MTR), Observablen/Kriterien für sozial angemessenes Verhalten und dessen Bewertung, Proxemik, Realtechnik, Soziale Robotik, Sozialer Raum / Kultureller Kontext, sozialintervenierende Agenten, Soziosensitive Systeme, Status / biologische Marker, Technik, termination of social interaction -
(2013): Design of a Parametric Model of Personal Space for Robotic Social Navigation. In: International Journal of Social Robotics 5 (3), S. 357-365. DOI: 10.1007/s12369-013-0188-9
Abstract: The design of socially acceptable behaviours is becoming one major issue for the development of robots that are able to interact with humans in unconstrained environments. In particular, social behaviours such as gazing, mutual positioning or gesturing allow robots to initiate and maintain an information exchange with humans. This paper focuses on (1) the study of mutual positioning between a small humanoid robot and a person through two psychometric experiments and (2) the design of a parametric model of the personal space based on the results of the two experiments. Results suggest that human-human interpersonal distances are shorter than human-robot interpersonal distances during a communication exchange, at least for the small humanoid robot used in our experiments. We also found that participants evaluate different directions of approach in a significantly different way.
Keywords: Design, Disziplin, doppelter Treffer, Favoriten, Ingenieurswissenschaft, Interaktionspartner, Mensch oder Maschine, Mensch-Technik-Relationen (MTR), Observablen/Kriterien für sozial angemessenes Verhalten und dessen Bewertung, Physische Größe eines Roboters (im Vergleich zum Menschen), Proxemik, Realtechnik, Serviceroboter, Soziale Angemessenheit, Soziale Robotik, Technik, Volltreffer 2011
-
(2011): Understanding Historical (Im)Politeness. In: Journal of Historical Pragmatics 12 (1-2), S. 255-282. DOI: 10.1075/jhp.12.1-2.11bax
Abstract: This paper is intended as an overall template of the evolution of (im)politeness. It elucidates how (linguistic) rapport management originated and developed over time, and tries to come to grips with (some of) the sociocultural factors behind such changes. Taking its point of departure in human prehistory (Section 1), the paper argues that, contrary to received wisdom, politeness and impoliteness are not two sides of the same coin (Section 2), and it discusses the dissimilar evolutionary antecedents of politeness and impoliteness (Sections 3 and 4). The paper then maps out three broad-scale diachronic trends regarding the conveyance of interpersonal distance, ipso facto the marking out of socio-proxemic interactional space; namely, (a) from performative to verbal, (b) from self-display to other-concern and (c) from collectivity-oriented to individual-oriented (Section 5).
Keywords: collectivity-oriented vs. individual-oriented politeness, Disziplin, Favoriten, Genese, Geschichte, Good manners, Höflichkeit, Höflichkeitsforschung, (Im)Politeness Research, Impoliteness, Linguistik, performative vs. verbal politeness, Politeness and impoliteness as fundamentally diferrent principles, Politeness as expression of concern, Proxemik, socio-proxemic, Soziale Angemessenheit, Überblick -
(2011): Decorum of the Minuet, Delirium of the Waltz. A Study of Dance-Music Relations in 3/4 Time. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press (Musical Meaning and Interpretation). Online verfügbar unter https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gbv/detail.action?docID=4766639
Abstract: Much music was written for the two most important dances of the 18th and 19th centuries, the minuet and the waltz. In Decorum of the Minuet, Delirium of the Waltz, Eric McKee argues that to better understand the musical structures and expressive meanings of this dance music, one must be aware of the social contexts and bodily rhythms of the social dances upon which it is based. McKee approaches dance music as a component of a multimedia art form that involves the interaction of physical motion, music, architecture, and dress. Moreover, the activity of attending a ball involves a dynamic network of modalities—sight, sound, bodily awareness, touch, and smell, which can be experienced from the perspectives of a dancer, a spectator, or a musician. McKee considers dance music within a larger system of signifiers and points-of-view that opens new avenues of interpretation.
Keywords: Anblick, Architektur (allg), Berührung, Electronic books, Geräusch, Geruch, Gestik, History and criticism, Kinematik, Klang, Kleidung, Körperbewegungen, Körperbewusstsein, Körperrhythmus, Kulturelle Rituale, Mikrobiologische Zusammensetzung von Körpersekreten, Mimik, Minuet (Dance), Musik, Originaltitel zu einem berits eingepflegten book review, ort, Proxemik, Raum, Sonstiges, Soziale Rituale, Tanz, Teilnehmender vs. Zuschauer, Visuelle Wahrnehmung, Waltzes 2010
-
(2010): Increasing breast examinations among arab women using a tailored culture-based intervention. In: Behavioral medicine (Washington, D.C.) 36 (3), S. 92-99. DOI: 10.1080/08964280903521313
DOI: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20801757 Abstract: This study aimed to assess outcomes of a culture-specific intervention devised to reduce barriers to breast cancer screening among Arab women in Israel. Women in intervention (n = 42) and control (n = 24) groups answered breast examination performance and Arab culture-specific barriers and health beliefs questionnaires at pre- and postintervention. Women in the study group received tailored telephone intervention between the 2 interviews. Although the study and control groups did not differ in rate of attending clinical examinations and mammography at pre-intervention, at post-intervention, almost 48% of the intervention group and 12.5% of the control group scheduled or attended a clinical examination, and 38.5% of women in the intervention group and 21.4% of the control group attended or scheduled a mammography. Of the cultural barriers, a significant group x time effect was found for the cultural barriers of exposure, social barriers, and self-uneasiness with body, with a higher decrease in the intervention group. Of the health beliefs, a group x time effect was found for perceived vulnerability and perceived barriers to clinical examination and mammography, which significantly decreased in the intervention group, but not in the control group. The preliminary results showed that the culture-based intervention was effective in reducing barriers and increasing the rate of breast cancer examinations.
Keywords: Adult, Analysis of Variance, Arabs/ethnology, Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis/prevention & control, Breast Self-Examination, Culture, Female, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Humans, Israel/ethnology, Middle Aged, Patient Education as Topic, Proxemik, Status / biologische Marker, Surveys and Questionnaires, Telephone, Women's Health/ethnology -
(2010): An Approach to the Design of Socially Acceptable Robots for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders. In: International Journal of Social Robotics 2 (4), S. 391-403. DOI: 10.1007/s12369-010-0063-x
Abstract: Investigation into technology-assisted intervention for children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) has gained momentum in recent years. Research suggests that robots could be a viable means to impart skills to this population since children with ASD tend to be fascinated by robots. However, if robots are to be used to impart social skills, a primary deficit for this population, considerable attention needs to be paid to aspects of social acceptability of such robots. Currently there are no design guidelines as to how to develop socially acceptable robots to be used for intervention for children with ASD. As a first step, this work investigates social design of virtual robots for children with ASD. In this paper we describe the design of a virtual environment system for social interaction (VESSI). The design is evaluated through an innovative experiment plan that combines subjective ratings from a clinical observer with physiological responses indicative of affective states from the participants, both collected when participants engage in social tasks with the social robots in a virtual reality environment. Two social parameters of importance for this population, namely eye gaze and social distance, are systematically varied to analyze the response of the participants. The results are presented to illustrate how experiments with virtual social robots can contribute towards the development of future social robots for children with ASD.
1994
-
(1994): The behavioural cues of familiarity during social interactions among human adults. A review of the literature and some observations in normal and demented elderly subjects. In: Behavioural Processes 33 (1-2), S. 189-211. DOI: 10.1016/0376-6357(94)90066-3
Abstract: The present paper deals with the non-verbal expression of individual recognition in normal and pathological populations. In the first part, the literature on non-verbal communication is surveyed with a selective attention given to observational studies comparing encounters between friends and between strangers in young adult subjects. To begin with, it is shown that in some cases external observers can discriminate above chance level silent films showing interactions between familiar and unfamiliar persons. Then, potential cues enabling such a performance are searched for by analysis of familiarity effects on interpersonal distance, touching gesture, visual and postural orientation, and facial or manual movements expressing affiliation or reticence. Finally, these observations are discussed in relation to several underlying processes: learning of interaction rules, involvement of an affiliative motivational system, and regulation of arousal. The problem of assessing the directionality of the familiarity effects is also raised. The second part of the paper addresses the issue of non-verbal expression of recognition in subjects who show impaired person recognition in the verbal modality. A pilot study compares the behaviour of older institutionalised women, either normal or suffering from senile dementia of the Alzheimer's type, during conversations with a member of the medical team and with another unfamiliar person. The methodological problems raised by the planning of the experimental situation are discussed.
- <<
- <
- 1