Alle Publikationen
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2018
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(2018) : Dialogue Behavior Control Model for Expressing a Character of Humanoid Robots: 2018 Asia-Pacific Signal and Information Processing Association Annual Summit and Conference (APSIPA ASC): 2018 Asia-Pacific Signal and Information Processing Association Annual Summit and Conference (APSIPA ASC): Hawaii, United States: IEEE, S. 1732-1737
DOI: https://doi.org/10.23919/APSIPA.2018.8659624 Abstract: This paper addresses character expression for humanoid robots that play a social role via spoken dialogue so that the character matches to the given social role such as a lab guide or a counselor. While conventional methods of character expression mostly focused on changing the style of utterance texts, this study focuses on dialogue behavior features that may affect the impression of spoken dialogue. Specifically, we use five dialogue behavior features: utterance amount, backchannel frequency, backchannel variety, filler frequency, and switching pause length (the time until the system responds). We adopt three character traits of extroversion, emotional instability, and politeness for character expression. We then investigate the relationship between the dialogue behavior features and the character traits by conducting subjective evaluations. A statistical analysis of the subjective evaluations shows that the dialogue behavior features except for the backchannel variety are related to either of the character traits. By using the subjective evaluation scores on the relevant traits, we can train models to control the dialogue behavior features of a robot according to the desired character. Another experimental evaluation demonstrates the feasibility of character expression with regard to the traits of extroversion and politeness.
Keywords: Analytical models, character traits, dialogue behavior control model, dialogue behavior features, emotional & politeness, Frequency control, Humanoid Robots, ieee xplore, interactive systems, Mobile robots, paper addresses character expression, PSYCHOLOGY, Social robotic, speech processing, spoken dialogue, Statistical Analysis, Switches, Task Analysis 2014
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(2014): Evaluation of Head Gaze Loosely Synchronized With Real-Time Synthetic Speech for Social Robots. In: IEEE Transactions on Human-Machine Systems 44 (6), S. 767-778. DOI: 10.1109/THMS.2014.2342035
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/THMS.2014.2342035 Abstract: This study demonstrates that robots can achieve socially acceptable interactions using loosely synchronized head gaze-speech acts. Prior approaches use tightly synchronized head gaze-speech, which requires significant human effort and time to manually annotate synchronization events in advance, restricts interactive dialog, or requires that the operator acts as a puppeteer. This paper describes how autonomous synchronization of head gaze can be achieved by exploiting affordances in the sentence structure and time delays. A 93-participant user study was conducted in a simulated disaster site. The rescue robot “Survivor Buddy” generated head gaze for a victim management scenario using a 911 dialog. The study used pre- and postinteraction questionnaires to compare the social acceptance level of loosely synchronized head gaze-speech against tightly synchronized head gaze-speech (manual annotation) and no head gaze-speech conditions. The results indicated that for attributes of Self-Assessment Manikin, i.e., Arousal, Robot Likeability, Human-Like Behavior, Understanding Robot Behavior, Gaze-Speech Synchronization, Looking at Objects at Appropriate Times, and Natural Movement, the loosely synchronized head gaze-speech is similar to tightly synchronized head gaze-speech and preferred to the no head gaze-speech case. This study contributes to a fundamental understanding of the role of social head gaze in social acceptance for human-machine interaction, how social gaze can be produced, and promotes practical implementation in social robots.
Keywords: Angemessen(heit) (von Technik), Autonomous generation, autonomous head gaze synchronization, Evaluation, human robot interactions, Human-Machine Interaction, human-robot interaction, Human–robot interaction, ieee xplore, interactive conversation, interactive systems, loosely synchronized head gaze-speech acts, real-time synthetic speech, Real-time systems, rescue robots, Robot kinematics, self-assessment manikin, social head gaze, social robots, speech, Survivor Buddy rescue robot, synchronisation, Synchronization, tightly synchronized head gaze-speech, User study, victim management scenario 2008
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(2008) : IslEnquirer: Social user model acquisition through network analysis and interactive learning: 2008 IEEE Spoken Language Technology Workshop: Goa, India: IEEE, S. 117-120
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/SLT.2008.4777854 Abstract: We present an approach to introduce social awareness in interactive systems. The IslEnquirer is a system which automatically builds social user models. It initializes the models by social network analysis of available offline data. These models are then verified and extended by interactive learning which is carried out by a robot initiated spoken dialog with the user.
Keywords: Automatic speech recognition, Automation, Cognitive robotics, Context modeling, Data Mining, Humanoid Robots, Humans, ieee xplore, Information retrieval, interactive learning, interactive system, interactive systems, IslEnquirer, Künstliche Intelligenz, learning (artificial intelligence), Robot, Robotics, social awareness, social network analysis, Social network services, social networking (online), social networks, social user model acquisition, spoken dialog, spoken dialog system, user modeling, user modelling 2006
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(2006) : Modeling Affect in Socially Interactive Robots: ROMAN 2006 - The 15th IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication: ROMAN 2006 - The 15th IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human: Hatfield, UK: IEEE, S. 558-563
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ROMAN.2006.314448 Abstract: Humans use expressions of emotion in a very social manner, to convey messages such as "I'm happy to see you" or "I want to be comforted," and people's long-term relationships depend heavily on shared emotional experiences. We believe that for robots to interact naturally with humans in social situations they should also be able to express emotions in both short-term and long-term relationships. To this end, we have developed an affective model for social robots. This generative model attempts to create natural, human-like affect and includes distinctions between immediate emotional responses, the overall mood of the robot, and long-term attitudes toward each visitor to the robot. This paper presents the general affect model as well as particular details of our implementation of the model on one robot, the Roboceptionist
Keywords: Cultural differences, Displays, emotion & social robotics, emotion recognition, Global communication, human emotion, Human robot interaction, Humanoid Robots, ieee xplore, interactive systems, man-machine systems, Medical services, Mood, Orbital robotics, Roboceptionist, Senior citizens, Social robotic, socially interactive robots 2004
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(2004) : Emotional robotics based on iT/spl I.bar/Media: 30th Annual Conference of IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, 2004. IECON 2004, 3: Busan, South Korea: IEEE
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.2004.1432316 Abstract: Intelligence is thought to be related to interaction rather than a deep but passive thinking. Interactive tangible media "iTMedia" is proposed to explore these issues. Personal robotics is a major area to investigate these ideas. A new design methodology for personal and emotional robotics is proposed. Sciences of the artificial and intelligence have been investigated. A short history of artificial intelligence is presented in terms of logic, heuristics, and mobility; a science of intelligence is presented in terms of imitation and understanding; intelligence issues for robotics and intelligence measures are described. A design methodology for personal robots based on science of emotion is investigated. We investigate three different aspects of design: visceral, behavioral, and reflective. We also discuss affect and emotion in robots, robots that sense emotion, robots that induce emotion in people, and implications and ethical issues of emotional robots. Personal robotics for the elderly is investigated to explore these ideas.
Keywords: Artificial intelligence, Design methodology, emotion recognition, emotional robotics, ethical issues, History, Humans, ieee xplore, intelligent robots, Intelligent Systems, interactive systems, interactive tangible media, iT/spl I.bar/Media intelligence, Logic, Mechanical engineering, Mobile robots, Moral & Ethik, passive thinking, personal robotics, Robot sensing systems 1998
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(1998): Computer-assisted conversation for nonvocal people using prestored texts. In: IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, Part C (Applications and Reviews) 28 (3), S. 318-328. DOI: 10.1109/5326.704557
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/5326.704557 Abstract: The challenges faced by people who are severely physically impaired and nonspeaking are demonstrated by the fact that, even with current technology, the word rates that they can achieve using current communication systems tend to range from two to ten words per min. We have been investigating ways in which prestored reusable texts might assist in improving the performance of such systems. Beginning with a study of the acceptability and effects of including prestored texts in a conversation, this investigation examined a series of methods of increasing complexity that had the system itself perform some of the cognitive and manipulative tasks required to locate suitable texts for a user to include in conversation. These methods have included logging conversational paths for potential reuse in future interactions, using a hypertext structure for storing and navigating through conversational texts, employing fuzzy information retrieval, and building a system based on scripts, plans, and goals. Seeing the possible conversation modes as occurring at varying levels of novelty, from predictable routines through reusable texts to uniquely created utterances, the most likely area for significant improvement then is in the storage and retrieval of large amounts of reusable text. Research needs to discover ways of making the retrieval process as effortless and efficient as possible to free the user to concentrate on the interaction itself.
Keywords: Alltag, Buildings, computer assisted conversation, conversation modes, conversational paths, conversational texts, future interactions, fuzzy information retrieval, Fuzzy systems, handicapped aids, Human Factors, Humans, hypertext structure, ieee xplore, Information retrieval, INSPEC: Controlled Indexing, interactive systems, Interaktionsforschung, manipulative tasks, Navigation, nonvocal people, physically impaired, Physics computing, Portable computers, potential reuse, Power engineering computing, prestored reusable texts, prestored texts, retrieval process, reusable texts, speech, Switches, uniquely created utterances, user interfaces, word processing, word rates 1993
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(1993) : Communicating conceptual integrity in distributed systems through intelligent assistance: IEEE Colloquium on AI (Artificial Intelligence) in Enterprise Modelling: London, United Kingdom: IET, S. 4/1-4/3
Abstract: Increased globalisation and de-regulation in the commercial environment has given rise to requirements for a new generation of software tools capable of supporting complex, dispersed inter-organisational projects and decision making. A major difficulty in designing such systems relates to the fact that the ultimate users of such tools are commonly from varying backgrounds, have different conceptualisations, frequently use different terms and have varying perceptions of the events, procedures and objects represented within the system. The design of online user assistance for such systems is frequently passive, responding only to requests from the user for help. The author highlights the need for interactive online assistance capable of functioning both in ’reactive’ and ’pro-active’ modes, with the system instigating interaction when necessary. In particular, it is, therefore, concerned with discussing the appropriate timing and content of the ’triggers’ necessary to proactive functioning. A set of design principles for an adaptive assistant which are derived from earlier work on intelligent tutoring system design are described (B. Cox et al., 1988, 1989).<>
Keywords: adaptive assistant, administrative data processing, BUSINESS, commerce, commercial environment, conceptualisations, Data processing, Decision Making, design principles, dispersed inter-organisational projects, distributed computing, distributed processing, distributed systems, ieee xplore, intelligent assistance, Intelligent tutoring system, interactive online assistance, interactive systems, knowledge based systems, Künstliche Intelligenz, online user assistance, proactive functioning, software tools, timing, triggers, user interfaces
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