Alle Publikationen
2018
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(2018): Diplomatic protocol. Dunbeath: Whittles Publishing
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(2018): Affect-Aware Adaptive Tutoring Based on Human-Automation Etiquette Strategies. In: Human factors. DOI: 10.1177/0018720818765266
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0018720818765266 Abstract: OBJECTIVE We investigated adapting the interaction style of intelligent tutoring system (ITS) feedback based on human-automation etiquette strategies. BACKGROUND Most ITSs adapt the content difficulty level, adapt the feedback timing, or provide extra content when they detect cognitive or affective decrements. Our previous work demonstrated that changing the interaction style via different feedback etiquette strategies has differential effects on students' motivation, confidence, satisfaction, and performance. The best etiquette strategy was also determined by user frustration. METHOD Based on these findings, a rule set was developed that systemically selected the proper etiquette strategy to address one of four learning factors (motivation, confidence, satisfaction, and performance) under two different levels of user frustration. We explored whether etiquette strategy selection based on this rule set (systematic) or random changes in etiquette strategy for a given level of frustration affected the four learning factors. Participants solved mathematics problems under different frustration conditions with feedback that adapted dynamic changes in etiquette strategies either systematically or randomly. RESULTS The results demonstrated that feedback with etiquette strategies chosen systematically via the rule set could selectively target and improve motivation, confidence, satisfaction, and performance more than changing etiquette strategies randomly. The systematic adaptation was effective no matter the level of frustration for the participant. CONCLUSION If computer tutors can vary the interaction style to effectively mitigate negative emotions, then ITS designers would have one more mechanism in which to design affect-aware adaptations that provide the proper responses in situations where human emotions affect the ability to learn.
2016
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(2016): Etiquette Books, Discourse and the Deployment of an Order of Things. In: Theory, Culture & Society 16 (4), S. 25-48. DOI: 10.1177/02632769922050700
Abstract: Grounded on Foucault's suggestion that discourses are not just referential or representational systems, but part of the infrastructure ordering practices in a society, this article analyzes transformations in the etiquette literature in the USA at the beginning of the 20th century. It claims that the transformations undergone by etiquette books at the time involved not only a change in the substance of manners but also in their format, and it shows how this change in format embodied and helped deploy an infrastructure of social relations constituted by a logic of decenteredness, as opposed to a logic of centeredness. The article discusses both the theoretical issues raised by the concept of an infrastructure of social relations and methodological points concerning the use of etiquette books for social research, and raises some analytical questions regarding our understanding of American history at the time, as well as our more general conceptions of modernity and postmodernity. In order to reinforce its general argument concerning the embeddedness of an infrastructure of social relations in discourse, and to help clarify the idea of a logic of decenteredness, the article also illustrates how etiquette books from a much earlier period embodied and deployed a logic of centeredness.
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(2016): An Expert's Guide to International Protocol. Best Practices in Diplomatic and Corporate Relations. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press. Online verfügbar unter https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gbv/detail.action?docID=5288289
Abstract: Cover -- Table of Contents -- Preface by His Royal Highness Prince Carlos de Bourbon de Parme -- Prologue -- Acknowledgements -- 1. International protocol -- Introduction -- Protocol vs Etiquette -- Etiquette and its History -- Protocol and its History -- Protocol and cultural differences -- Interview with Professor Jaap de Hoop Scheffer -- 2. Precedence -- Introduction and history -- Comparison of countries around the world -- Various facts, trivia, and guidelines -- Protocol and the International Court of Justice by Dame Rosalyn Higgins -- 3. Seating arrangements and order of processions -- Introduction -- Tables -- Conference settings -- Posing for official group photographs -- Seating plans during audiences and press conferences -- Order of receiving lines -- Order of processions -- Seating in vehicles -- Protocol at the United Nations and at Think Tanks â A Comparative Perspective by Dr Abiodun Williams -- 4. Flag protocol -- Introduction -- Designs and colours -- Flag Codes -- Rules for using flags -- Flag protocol and flag order -- Application of flag protocol -- Trivia -- A genuine experience, protocol in an international institution, the European Parliament by Mr FranÃois Brunagel -- 5. Invitations and dress codes -- History and introduction -- General guidelines for composing an invitation -- Forms of address -- Examples of invitation texts -- Dress codes -- Diplomatic language and formal language: a code with a double meaning by Professor Olivier Arifon -- 6. Gifts and honours -- Gifts -- Honours -- State visits by His Excellency Mr José de Bouza Serrano -- 7. Ceremonies -- Introduction -- Meaning of a Ceremony -- Organising a Ceremony -- Components of a Ceremony -- State Ceremonies -- State Visits -- Laying of wreaths -- Presentation of credentials -- State funerals -- Inauguration / Swearing-In and Coronation -- Gun salutes Guard of Honour / Ceremonial Guard -- Escorts of Honour -- Suite of Honour -- Silent processions -- Protocol at the Olympic Games by Mr Andrea Miliccia -- 8. The protocol officer -- Introduction -- The focus of a protocol officer -- Four stages for a successful high-level event -- Unforeseen circumstances -- Speech by Ivo van Vliet, Jeroen Koks, and Ruben Nederpel -- Protocol is a basic principle of professional success by Mr Jean Paul Wijers -- Presidential Protocol by Mr Lahoud Lahoud -- 9. Guest and host -- Role of host -- Mutual interest -- Guest list -- Guestâs checklist in order to facilitate strategic networking -- Interview with Mr Martin van Pernis -- Protocol and Dance by Mr Samuel Wuersten -- Authorsâ biographies -- Bibliography -- Websites -- Illustrations and photographs -- Index
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(2016): The Ethics and Etiquette of Research Collaboration. In: Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 91 (12). DOI: 10.1097/ACM.0000000000001439
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(2016): ’Je ne voudrais prononcer ces mots’. The influence of the French Fabliau on two scenes from Henry V. In: CAHIERS ELISABETHAINS (91), S. 34-50
Abstract: Catherine’s language lesson in Henry V turns on the use of two bawdy French words, foutre and con – or rather, on the English words foot and gown which, when pronounced by the French speakers, sound like the bawdy words. In the courtship scene, Harry and Catherine avoid such words, yet each desires what they signify; both play a linguistic game in which they attempt to achieve what decorum prevents them from naming. Instead of direct and clear expression, this linguistic game involves figurative language and euphemism. A source for the linguistic principles underpinning both scenes is the medieval French fabliau.
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(2016): Digital technologies in the research process: Lessons from the digital research community in the UK. In: Computers in Human Behavior 61, S. 597-608. DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2016.03.053
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.03.053 Abstract: This paper reports on a qualitative study of the employment of digital tools, resources and services by social researchers in the UK and has a twofold aim. First, it presents the employment of digital means of research work from the stage of designing the research through to data collection and dissemination of the research results. Second, it assesses the complexity and multiplicity of digital tools, resources and services used in research as well as the complexity and range of such usage, also providing explanations as to why researchers in different disciplines use in different ways and for different purposes digital technologies of various ranges and degrees of complexity. The paper concludes that there are certain commonalities and differences in researchers' practices with digital technologies and that such practices are largely driven by researchers' expertise combined with associated disciplinary traditions and etiquette. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
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(2016): The Social Etiquette of Sleep. Some Sociological Reflections and Observations. In: Sociology 41 (2), S. 313-328. DOI: 10.1177/0038038507074977
Abstract: This article provides a critical examination of the seemingly counter-intuitive sociological notion of the 'social etiquette of sleep': the socially appropriate and inappropriate, prescriptive and proscriptive, ways of 'doing' sleeping, that is to say, in, everyday/night life. The first part of the article provides a brief discussion of the rationale for a sociological engagement with sleep. The remaining sections then proceed to a detailed sociological account of the 'civilizing' of sleep, the social uses and abuses of sleep, the socially attentive sleeper, the inconsiderate or selfish sleeper, and the anarchic, anomic, deviant or stigmatized sleeper. The article closes with some further sociological reflections on these dormative/normative matters, A sociological engagement with sleep, it concludes, is far from a contradiction in terms.
Keywords: Biologische Marker, Disziplin, Etikette, Etiquette, Schlaf, Soziale Angemessenheit, Soziologie 2015
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(2015): The Decline in Shared Collective Conscience as Found in the Shifting Norms and Values of Etiquette Manuals. In: Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour 45 (3), S. 352-376. DOI: 10.1111/jtsb.12071
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(2015): ‘Guys don’t whale away at the women’. Etiquette and gender relations in contemporary mixed-doubles tennis. In: Sport in Society 19 (8-9), S. 1214-1233. DOI: 10.1080/17430437.2015.1067773
Abstract: This article examines recent developments in etiquette in contemporary mixed-doubles tennis (MDT), to position different behavioural expectations for men/women in the broader context of shifting gender relations. Content analysis of coaching guides published from the 1960-1980s revealed that historically rooted gender distinctions in terms of court positioning, tactics, and playing roles/expectations were reaffirmed, continuing to undermine and marginalize females yet privilege males based on assumed innate differences in physical attributes. Etiquette norms in this era were compared to those found in the early twenty-first century (2000-2010s), through content analysis of online forums/blogs for recreational and elite-level MDT. It was found that while gendered tactics related to court positioning and playing roles were sustained, an important shift in etiquette norms related to chivalry occurred, but was not comprehensively accepted among all players. This development was attributed to third-wave feminist challenges to male chivalry, alongside the burgeoning crisis of masculinity' that increasingly pushed men towards adopting a hybridized masculinity' to assuage public critiques of hegemonic/orthodox masculinity in sport.
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(2015) : Speech Etiquette: The Perspective from Cross-Cultural Communication: EBSCOhost . Online verfügbar unter http://web.a.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail/detail?vid=32&sid=fef2d251-509c-474f-a1d7-93aa3f7f75b0%40sessionmgr4009&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#AN=2005871947&db=mzh , zuletzt geprüft am 16.05.2018
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(2015): THE DEPTH OF CIVILIZING FEATURES. NEGATIVE DIALECTICS BETWEEN POLITENESS AND MORALITY IN KANT’S ANTHROPOLOGY. In: ENDOXA-SERIES FILOSOFICAS (35), S. 119-138
Abstract: This paper tackles the contribution that the beautiful appearance of virtue, whose multiplicity of forms can be gathered under the generic name of decorum, offers to the civilizing process and also to the progressive moralization of mankind according to Kant’s Moral Anthropology. First, I will focus on the homiletic virtues analyzed in the Metaphysics of Morals, that is, loquacity, politeness, hospitality and indulgence, which bring about a trompe l’oeil inside the subject, always prone to selfishness and to the perversion of its practical drives. Secondly, I will analyze the relationship between these “supplements of virtue,” good social manners, and an undeniable anthropological fact, that is, the weakness of human nature and the need to use aesthetic crutches to get accustomed to acting in accordance with pure practical principles. Finally, I will cast light on the importance that parerga deserves according to Kant, who argues that these special virtues must be cultivated in the midst of social life, that is to say, always in contact with others. On the contrary, moral appearance produced by the individual subject ought to be banned unequivocally, because everyone must avoid falling into false illusions about the purity of her or his own intentions.
2014
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(2014): Texting everywhere for everything. Gender and age differences in cell phone etiquette and use. In: Computers in Human Behavior 31, S. 314-321. DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2013.10.053
Abstract: The majority of research on cell phone use has focused on adolescent and young adult users with less attention on cell phone use by those older than 25 years of age. In this study, adult participants from 18 to 68 years completed a survey about their own use of cell phones and the contexts in which they considered cell phone use appropriate. There were age and gender differences in beliefs about the etiquette as to when cell phone use was appropriate. Older participants and women advocated for more restricted cell phone use in most social situations. Men differed from women in that they viewed cell phone calls as more appropriate in virtually all environments including intimate settings. Across all age groups in all communication settings, cell phones were used to text. The only exception was that romantic partners were more likely to receive a call than a text. In the younger age groups, texting communication is so normative that over 25% had dumped or were dumped by a romantic partner. The preponderance of gender similarities point to cell phone usage as a stable communication vehicle for maintaining social contact. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Alter, Angemessenheit, doppelter Treffer, Etikette, Etiquette, Favoriten, Gender, Informations- & Kommunikationstechnik, Mensch-Technik-Relationen (MTR), Mensch-Technische Systeme, Mobiltelefon, Observablen/Kriterien für sozial angemessenes Verhalten und dessen Bewertung, Quantitativ, Realtechnik, Soziale Angemessenheit, Technik, Techniknutzung, Telefonieren, Umfrage -
(2014): Describing Cross-cultural Speech Behavior: A Communicative-pragmatic Field Approach. In: Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 154, S. 184-192. DOI: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.10.133
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.10.133 Abstract: The article aims to introduce a new methodology for contrastive description of speech acts patterns, such as wish, order, apology, promise, etc. The proposed analysis is based on a new type of field, the communicative-pragmatic field, which can be used to describe linguistic realization of communicative behavior of interactants. The first part of the paper defines the place of the field in question among other types of fields, and describes the principles of the organization of the field as well as its structure and composition. The second part discusses main principles and peculiarities of the linguistic analysis based on the communicative-pragmatic field approach through the example of several speech acts.
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(2014): The Puffery and Practicality of Etiquette Books. A New Take on Victorian Information Culture. In: Library Trends 62 (3), S. 663-680. DOI: 10.1353/lib.2014.0011
2013
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(2013): Do You Mind if I Plug-in My Car?. How etiquette shapes PEV drivers’ vehicle charging behavior. In: Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice 54, S. 155-163. DOI: 10.1016/j.tra.2013.07.016
Abstract: Plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) engage drivers in an essential new behavior plugging the car into the electrical grid to charge the vehicles' batteries. Broadly, it has been assumed that (1) away-from-home charging is necessary to grow the PEV market and (2) if away-from-home charging infrastructure is in place and PEV drivers know of it, they will perceive opportunities to charge. The experiences of early PEV drivers cause us to rethink at least the second of these assumptions. Drivers report a lack of what they call "etiquette," i.e., rules to guide their behavior and their expectations of how they and other PEV drivers ought to behave in these new social interactions. PEV drivers want widely shared, understood, and practiced guidelines to feel comfortable and confident in charging their vehicles away from home. This study uses inductive thematic analysis of transcripts of interviews of 28 PEV driving households conducted in San Diego County, California in spring, 2012. Themes about etiquette emerged within two types of away from home charging. First, public chargers (available to any PEV driver) were the sites of situations in which drivers' perceived a lack of rules or conflicts between different systems of rules; both were described as inhibiting use of public chargers. Second, workplace charging (typically available only to employees of the entity where the charger is located) adds an additional layer of rules and possibly resources that may either inhibit or encourage PEV charging by employees. As PEV markets and charger networks grow, charging will be shaped by additional systems of rules and regulations, e.g., those governing financial transactions. Our results suggest that absent efforts to help PEV drivers develop, learn, and practice the new rules, they may create as much uncertainty as guidance. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Disziplin, Einfluss auf Handlungen, Elektroauto, Elektromobilität, Etikette, etiquette guide, Für spezifische Situationen festgelegte Verhaltensregeln, Grad der Verbreitetheit und Umsetzung von Verhaltensregeln innerhalb einer Akteursgruppe, GUIDELINES, Im (wissenschaftlichen) Diskurs, Ingenieurswissenschaft, Mensch-Technik-Relationen (MTR), Mensch-Technische Systeme, Reflexionen über MTR, Situationsbedingter Kontext, Soziale Angemessenheit, Technikakzeptanzforschung, Technikfolgenabschätzung, technische Infrastruktur, Vereinbarkeit bzw. Kollision verschiedener Regelsysteme, Verhalten 2012
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(2012) : A Computational Approach to Etiquette and Politeness: An "Etiquette Engine™" for Cultural Interaction Training In: Society for Computer Simulation International: Proceedings of the 2007 Summer Computer Simulation Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation: San Diego, CA: Society for Computer Simulation International, S. 809-846
Abstract: Computational models and simulations of culture-specific social interactions are useful for a variety of applications including training, interaction or perception prediction and interpretation and even the design of machines and systems which will interact verbally with members of different cultures. To date, such models have been achieved via the scripting of specific trajectories of behaviors or, in limited instances, through very complex, “first principles” psychological models of agent motivation and goal-based behaviors. Neither of these is entirely appropriate for the production of a large series of rich and deep social interactions. We have developed a quantitative, computational implementation of a rich, universal theory of human-human “politeness” behaviors and the culture-specific interpretive frameworks for them (labeled “etiquette”) from sociology, linguistics and anthropology. This model links observable and inferred aspects of power and familiarity relationships, the degree of imposition of an act (each of which have implications for roles and intents) and the actor’s character to produce expectations about politeness behaviors. We have recently demonstrated the ability for this algorithm to produce culture-specific, politeness-appropriate utterances and perceptions of utterances in a game setting. Furthermore, our algorithmic approach to calculating culturespecific attitudes offered distinct advantages over alternate methods of producing such behaviors. Not only was it possible to more rapidly amass a much larger set of alternate trajectories through an interaction setting, but it was also possible to “swap” alternate sets of cultural knowledge to enable giving an agent alternate cultural perceptions with great ease.
Keywords: doppelter Treffer, Etikette, Etikette-Engine, Etiquette as rules of expectation, Favoriten, FTA Face Threatening Acts, Höflichkeit, Human-Computer Etiquette, Mensch-Technik-Relationen (MTR), Mensch-Technische Systeme, Miller, Modelle/Theorien, Observablen/Kriterien für sozial angemessenes Verhalten und dessen Bewertung, Realtechnik, Sozial Intelligente Agenten, Soziale Angemessenheit, Soziale Robotik, Soziosensitive Systeme, Sprachgebrauch, Status / biologische Marker, Technik, Unhöflichkeit, Volltreffer -
(2012): Send it. Study of e-mail etiquette and notions from doctors in training. In: Journal of surgical education 69 (3), S. 393-403. DOI: 10.1016/j.jsurg.2011.12.002
DOI: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22483143 Abstract: OBJECTIVES Worldwide, more than 247 billion e-mails are sent each day. Little empiric evidence is available to guide how e-mail presentation style, tone, and content affect e-mail recipients and whether these factors impact opinions about the sender and the rapidity of response. In a study of physicians in training assessing a series of 100 e-mail examples, we examined the following: (1) formatting characteristics most and least endorsed, (2) impression of the sender based on the e-mail itself, and (3) factors associated with the decision to respond. We reasoned that our study would provide empiric data to support recommendations for e-mail etiquette, focusing specifically on doctors in training. DESIGN Cross-sectional survey study. SETTING Division of Orthopaedic Surgery at McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. PARTICIPANTS After each e-mail, the participating surgical residents completed a series of questions focusing on their impression of the e-mail appearance, their perception of the sender, and their motivation to respond to the e-mail. RESULTS Thirty-two residents participated in this study. The responses indicate that the key negatively endorsed features of the e-mails included the use of colored backgrounds (84%), difficult-to-read font (83%), lack of a subject header (55%), opening salutations without recipient names (50%), or no salutation at all (42%). The senders of negatively endorsed e-mails were perceived by participants as inefficient (p = 0.03), unprofessional (p < 0.001), and irritating (p = 0.007). E-mails with overall positive endorsements were significantly more likely to have the participants perceive the e-mail senders as professional (p < 0.001), pleasant (p = 0.048), and kind (p = 0.059). The participants were 2.6-fold more likely to respond immediately when they perceived e-mails as favorable compared with disliking them (42% vs 16% of responses, respectively, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The e-mails perceived as being disliked overall are likely to result in a negative perception of the sender and delays in response time.
Keywords: Adult, Art des Kommunikationsmediums, Attitude of Health Personnel, Competency-Based Education/trends, Cross-Sectional Studies, Disziplin, Education, Medical, Graduate/standards/trends, Electronic Mail/ethics/standards, Email, Erziehungswissenschaften, Etikette, etiquette guide, Female, Gestaltung von E-Mails/Informationsmedien etc., Humans, Informations- & Kommunikationstechnik, Interprofessional Relations/ethics, Male, Medienwissenschaft, Mensch-Technik-Relationen (MTR), Ontario, Orthopedics/education, Quality Control, Realtechnik, Rolle (Beruf), Situationsbedingter Kontext, Soziale Angemessenheit, Surveys and Questionnaires, Technik -
(2012): An Innovative Seminar Course in Business Etiquette for Pharmacy Graduate Students, zuletzt geprüft am 16.05.2018
Abstract: Objectives. To develop and implement a seminar course for graduate students in the social and administrative pharmaceutical sciences to enhance knowledge and confidence with respect their abil- ities to demonstrate appropriate business etiquette. Design. A 1-credit graduate seminar course was designed based on learner-centered constructivist theory and application of Fink’s Taxonomy for Significant Learning. Assessment. Eleven students participated in the spring 2011 seminar course presentations and activities. Students completed pre- and post-assessment instruments, which included knowledge and attitudinal questions. Formative and summative assessments showed gains in student knowledge, perceived skills, and confidence based on observation and student-reported outcomes. Conclusion. Graduate student reaction to the course was overwhelmingly positive. The etiquette course has potential application in doctor of pharmacy education, other graduate disciplines, undergraduate education, and continuing professional development. Keywords: seminar; graduate education; educational theory; professionalism, business etiquette
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(2012): Effects of etiquette strategy on human–robot interaction in a simulated medicine delivery task. In: Intelligent Service Robotics 5 (3), S. 199-210. DOI: 10.1007/s11370-012-0113-3
Abstract: The objective of this study was to examine the extent to which a model of linguistic etiquette in human–human interaction could be applied to human–robot interaction (HRI) domain, and how different etiquette strategies proposed through the model might influence performance of humans and robots as mediated by manipulations of robot physical features, in a simulated medicine delivery task. A “wizard of Oz” experiment was conducted in which either a humanoid robot or a mechanical-looking robot was used to present medicine reminding utterances (following different etiquette strategies) to participants, who were engaged in a primary cognitive task (a Sudoku puzzle). Results revealed the etiquette model to partially extend to the HRI domain. Participants were not sensitive to positive language from robots (e.g., appreciation of human values/wants) and such a strategy did not succeed in supporting or enhancing the “positive face” of human users. Both “bald” (no linguistic courtesy) and mixed strategies (positive and “negative face” (minimizing user imposition) saving) resulted in moderate user perceived etiquette scores (PE). However, individual differences suggested such robot linguistic strategies should be applied with caution. Opposite to this, a negative face saving strategy (supporting user freedom of choice) promoted user task and robot performance (in terms of user response time to robot requests), and resulted in the highest PE score. There was also evidence that humanoid robot features provide additional social cues that may be used by patients and support human and robot performance, but not PE. These results provide a basis for determining appropriate etiquette strategies and robot appearance to promote better collaborative task performances for future health care delivery applications of service robots.
Keywords: Anerkennung von Werten/Bedürfnissen, appropriate social interaction, Disziplin, doppelter Treffer, Etikette, Face, Face-Saving, Favoriten, Höflichkeit, Höflichkeitsforschung, Human-robot etiquette, Ingenieurswissenschaft, Interaktionspartner, Linguistik, Medicine delivery, Medizin, Mensch oder Maschine, Mensch-Technik-Relationen (MTR), Mensch-Technische Systeme, Negative face saving, Patient compliance, Patient-robot interaction, Realtechnik, Serviceroboter, Soziale Angemessenheit, Soziale Robotik, Technik, Technikbezug, Volltreffer, Wahlfreiheit (eines Nutzers/Interaktionspartners), Wertendes Sprachverhalten 2011
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(2011) : As Human-Computer Interactions Go Global In: Hayes, Caroline C.; Miller, Christopher Allan (Hg.): Human-computer etiquette: Cultural expectations and the design implications they place on computers and technology: Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC Press, S. 15-34
Abstract: We have become accustomed to interacting with computers. ey give us daily weather forecasts and help us keep in touch with friends and family globally. ey deliver references, digital articles, and newspapers and allow virtual teams to work together from opposite sides of the globe. Computers even provide embodied agents to guide us through di¸cult procedures or teach us to speak Japanese. ey allow us to shop for products in distant countries and have ready access to cash on city streets almost everywhere. Humancomputer interactions are a part of our lives, mediating communication, providing instruction and support, and serving as gateways for business transactions.
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(2011) : Etiquette In Motivational Agents: Engaging Users And Developing Relationships In: Hayes, Caroline C.; Miller, Christopher Allan (Hg.): Human-computer etiquette: Cultural expectations and the design implications they place on computers and technology: Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC Press, S. 205-230
Abstract: Micro-analysis of face-to-face interaction among humans can tell us a great deal about how to design etiquette into our human-machine interfaces in order to make them more intuitive, robust, and easy to use. Human protocols for conversational turn-taking, indicating understanding, marking emphasis, and displaying presumed relationship status, are but a few of the myriad verbal and nonverbal cues that can be observed in face-to-face interaction and incorporated into our systems. However, one of the most interesting-and challenging aspects of human interaction for both analysis and emulation is that the “rules of engagement”—that is, etiquette-expectations change frequently and ªuidly during a single encounter. A person must know if their interlocutor is engaging in serious talk, social chat, play, storytelling, or joke-telling to know how to interpret their behavior and to respond appropriately. In addition, these rules can also slowly evolve as a pair of interlocutors develops a relationship over time. is chapter will discuss these phenomena in human social interactions and their rami¤cations for developing human-like machine interfaces such as the animated health counselor shown in Figure 9.1. is work focuses on a particular type of application as a motivating example-the use of computerized animated counselors for long-term health behavior change interventions-and why at least some of the interaction styles that are e¢ective in this domain comprise rules of etiquette that would not be considered “nice” by Emily Post.
Keywords: Agent, Antworten im Rahmen einer Konversation, Art der Beziehung zum Interaktionspartner, Betonung, doppelter Treffer, Ernsthaftigkeit einer Situation, Erzählweise, Etikette, Etiquette as rules of expectation, Favoriten, Für spezifische Situationen festgelegte Verhaltensregeln, humor, Konversationskonventionen als Etikette-Erwartungen, Korrespondenz, Mensch oder Maschine, Mensch-Technik-Interaktion, Mensch-Technik-Relationen (MTR), Mensch-Technische Systeme, Modelle, narrative, Plauderei, Prosody, Realtechnik, Signalisieren von Verstehen, Situationsbedingter Kontext, Sozial Intelligente Agenten, Soziale Angemessenheit, Soziale Distanz, Soziale Robotik, Soziosensitive Systeme, Spiel, Sprachgebrauch, Sprechmelodie, Technik, Theorien, Turn-taking innerhalb der Konsersation, User, Volltreffer, Witze -
(2011) : Etiquette In Distributed Game-Based Training: Communication, Trust, Cohesion In: Hayes, Caroline C.; Miller, Christopher Allan (Hg.): Human-computer etiquette: Cultural expectations and the design implications they place on computers and technology: Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC Press, S. 181-204
Abstract: In this chapter we will explore the use of etiquette in training systems derived from commercial video games. e system that will be used as an example is a training and debrie¤ng tool that allows distributed participants to train together in a virtual game environment, and to conduct After Action Review (AAR) sessions in that same environment. In AAR sessions, participants discuss the events that unfolded during training, and how to improve performance in the future. However, we will ¤rst present a concise history of humancomputer etiquette, followed by a description of the unique etiquette requirements that game systems demand. We will then describe how game systems can be used for team training in complex tasks, and the etiquette requirements that must drive that application. An important consideration we address along the way is the analogy between human-computer and human-human etiquette.
Keywords: Analogy btwn human-computer and human-human etiquette, Computers, doppelter Treffer, Etikette, Game-based, Human-Computer Etiquette, Informations- & Kommunikationstechnik, Interaktionspartner, Mensch oder Maschine, Mensch-Technik-Relationen (MTR), Mensch-Technische Systeme, Realtechnik, Situationsbedingter Kontext, Soziale Angemessenheit, Spiel, Technik -
(2011) : Etiquette Considerations For Adaptive Systems That Interrupt: Cost And Benefits In: Hayes, Caroline C.; Miller, Christopher Allan (Hg.): Human-computer etiquette: Cultural expectations and the design implications they place on computers and technology: Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC Press, S. 289-322
Abstract: It is not generally considered impolite to interrupt. However, etiquette is not simply about politeness but also appropriateness. Thus, while etiquette dictates that it is inappropriate, counterproductive, or even dangerous to interrupt someone with irrelevant information in the middle of a critical task requiring great concentration, it also allows that it is appropriate and necessary to interrupt with crucial information. For example, it is inappropriate to interrupt an airline pilot during landing with the baseball score, but entirely appropriate to interrupt with the information that the landing gear has malfunctioned.
Keywords: Adaptive Systeme, Dialog/Konversation/Rede, doppelter Treffer, Etikette, Favoriten, Human-Computer Etiquette, Interuption, Intervention/Unterbrechung etc., Mensch-Technik-Relationen (MTR), Mensch-Technische Systeme, Realtechnik, Relevanz des Grundes für eine Unterbrechung, Sozial Intelligente Agenten, Soziale Angemessenheit, Soziale Robotik, Soziosensitive Systeme, Technik, Volltreffer -
(2011) : Politechnology: Manners Maketh Machine In: Hayes, Caroline C.; Miller, Christopher Allan (Hg.): Human-computer etiquette: Cultural expectations and the design implications they place on computers and technology: Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC Press, S. 351-362
Abstract: There is an old English saying that "Manners maketh man." The original quotation is attributed to William of Wykeham and is a simple aphorism that acknowledges the tacit assumption that for human beings to live and thrive collectively, there must be a degree of formalization about their social intercourse. Although the bedrock of such mutual behavior would seem to be the law, our actual sharing of common assumptions goes much deeper. For we must all learn the social conventions first through the mediation of perception, the beginnings of language, and subsequently complex conventions and naming processes. These capabilities are assimilated at our parents' feet. They are the very stuff of maturation, and although the precise conventions are highly culturally bound, the learning process itself cuts across all human experience. Now, into our diverse human cultures come potentially intelligent machines. And in respect of their growth and maturation, we can ask two critical questions. First, to what degree do these nascent centers of intentionality and potential consciousness need to adhere to the principles of human social intercourse? Second, and equally as important, do these machine have a collective of their own which now bestrides all human cultures? If they do, to what degree do they act on us as agents of convergent human cultural evolution? In asking these questions we also have to face the logical antithesis to all human-centered technological approaches, viz, should machines necessarily be made to behave according to human-centered rules? Is this their best mode of organization? Although the latter query might be antithetical heresy to those imbued with the spirit of human factors, it is a proposition we should always be obliged to consider. Overall, this a rather daunting set of issues to face, and so let us decompose the challenges they present so that we can consider them in their various component parts.
Keywords: doppelter Treffer, Etikette, Etiquette, Favoriten, Höflichkeit, Interaktionspartner, Konventionen, Mensch oder Maschine, Mensch-Maschine-Kommunikation, Mensch-Technik-Interaktion, Mensch-Technik-Relationen (MTR), Mensch-Technische Systeme, Politeness, Potential independence of machine rules of behavior from human rules of behavior, Realtechnik, Sozial Intelligente Agenten, Soziale Robotik, Soziosensitive Systeme, Technik, Umgangsformen, Volltreffer, Voraussetzungen für sozial angemessenes Verhalten