Alle Publikationen
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2015
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(2015): Gender differences in experiential and facial reactivity to approval and disapproval during emotional social interactions. In: Frontiers in psychology 6
Abstract: Negative social evaluations represent social threats and elicit negative emotions such as anger or fear. Positive social evaluations, by contrast, may increase self-esteem and generate positive emotions such as happiness and pride. Gender differences are likely to shape both the perception and expression of positive and negative social evaluations. Yet, current knowledge is limited by a reliance on studies that used static images of individual expressers with limited external validity. Furthermore, only few studies considered gender differences on both the expresser and perceiver side. The present study approached these limitations by utilizing a naturalistic stimulus set displaying nine males and nine females (expressers) delivering social evaluative sentences to 32 female and 26 male participants (perceivers). Perceivers watched 30 positive, 30 negative, and 30 neutral messages while facial electromyography (EMG) was continuously recorded and subjective ratings were obtained. Results indicated that men expressing positive evaluations elicited stronger EMG responses in both perceiver genders. Arousal was rated higher when positive evaluations were expressed by the opposite gender. Thus, gender differences need to be more explicitly considered in research of social cognition and affective science using naturalistic social stimuli. zitiert von 5
2013
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(2013) : Wertschätzung im Betrieb: Weshalb sie oft vermisst wird und mögliche Beiträge zu ihrem Zustandekommen In: Schweitzer, Jochen: Systemisches Demografiemanagement: Wie kommt Neues zum Älterwerden ins Unternehmen?: [s.l.]: Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, S. 87-104
Abstract: Ausgehend von der Feststellung, dass einerseits Wertschätzung häufig als wichtiger Aspekt der Mitarbeiterführung angesehen wird und dass andererseits fast noch häufiger vom Fehlen dieser Wertschätzung berichtet wird, wird der Frage nach den Gründen für dieses "Wertschätzungsparadox" nachgegangen, und es wird erörtert, wie Führungskräfte und Berater in Unternehmen damit umgehen können. Basierend auf Interviews und Gruppendiskussionen wird zunächst erkundet, was Mitarbeiter in Unternehmen überhaupt als Wertschätzung empfinden ("Woran würden Sie merken, dass Sie wertgeschätzt werden?"). Hier werden die individuellen Erwartungen der Organisationsmitglieder offengelegt. In der Konfrontation mit Gedanken aus N. Luhmanns Organisationstheorie wird ersichtlich, an welcher Stelle Konflikte entstehen und Enttäuschungen vorprogrammiert sind. Daraus lassen sich unmittelbar Konsequenzen für die organisationale Praxis ableiten. Die zweite Perspektive analysiert die kommunikativen Folgen des proklamierten Wertschätzungsdefizits. Gerade für das Coaching von Führungskräften, Teamberatungen und Supervisionsaufträge wird diese Perspektive für bedeutsam erachtet. zitiert von 4
2003
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(2003): Breaking the rules. Personal and social responses to coping norm‐violations. In: Anxiety, Stress & Coping 16 (2), S. 133-153. DOI: 10.1080/10615806.2003.10382969
Abstract: Examined the personal and social responses to norm-violating coping behavior: non-intervention in controllable situations and non-acceptance of uncontrollable situations. In Study 1, 400 subjects from the general population (age range 18-80 years) recalled two stressful episodes and reported their personal and perceived social disapproval of coping-norm violations. Observers disapproved of both types of norm violations, whereas actors tended to disapprove of non-intervention but approved of non-acceptance. In Study 2, 111 psychology students (mean age 22 years) were presented with norm-breaking coping behavior in hypothetical scenarios and indicated the extent of their disapproval of and negative sanctions for the two coping behaviors. Information about the actors' perspective was given in half the scenarios. Non-intervention was disapproved of and sanctioned more strongly than non-acceptance. Moreover, there was a general disregard for the actor's personal perspective. It is concluded that coping behavior is socially constrained, and that the personal and social perspectives on accepting uncontrollable situations differ. zitiert von 24
1994
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(1994) : Social support, social control, and health among the elderly In: Penny, Gillian N.; Bennett, Paul; Herbert, Mike (Hg.): Health psychology. A lifespan perspective.: Harwood, S. 191-211
Abstract: Examines how social support and social control processes affect patterns of illness and disability in later life. Epidemiological evidence is presented which shows that social integration generally results in longer life expectancy. It is argued that social relationships provide emotional support as well as constraints to behavior, effectively reducing the incidence of chronic health problems by decreasing the likelihood that unhealthy behaviors will be initiated in response to stressful circumstances. Similarly, social support and control help encourage compliance with prescribed medical treatment and daily self-care activities after the onset of chronic conditions, enabling the elderly individual to manage disability in later life. Suggestions for future research, with particular emphasis on the interaction between social support and social control processes, are also presented. zitiert von 36
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