Alle Publikationen
2005
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(2005): On Complainability. In: Social Problems 52 (4), S. 449-476. DOI: 10.1525/sp.2005.52.4.449
Abstract: Two common components of social problems are their grounding in the differential categorization of people and the treatment of some forms of conduct as "complainable." This article begins by introducing some ways in which the categorization of people and the complainability of conduct are problematic-both in the conduct of ordinary interaction and in social scientific analysis of ordinary interaction. It then addresses this problematicity by examining how ordinary conduct in interaction can display participants' tacit orientation to the relevance of unspoken categories and to the complainability of one's own or others' conduct. It concludes by inviting attention to recent work on well-recognized topics of inquiry in the social problems literature, and encourages the advancement of such work by combining new analytic resources with longstanding social problems themes and topics.
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(2005): Interpersonal hierarchy expectation: Introduction of a new construct. In: Journal of Personality Assessment 84 (3), S. 287-295. DOI: 10.1207/s15327752jpa8403
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa8403 Abstract: Introduces a new individual difference construct, i.e., interpersonal hierarchy expectation (IHE), and shows that it predicts interpersonal perception. IHE means expecting social interactions and relationships to be hierarchically structured. A self-report questionnaire to measure IHE, the IHE Scale (IHES), was developed. In 5 studies, 581 undergraduates took the IHES together with an array of self-report personality measures. 3 studies included a measure of hierarchy perception. According to prediction, people who expected interpersonal hierarchies were prone to perceive hierarchies in interactions and relationships. The IHES is an easy to apply, short self-report measure that might prove useful in personnel training and selection as well as in other studies of personality and social behavior.
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Schulze, Ralf; Roberts, Richard D. (Hg.) (2005): Emotional intelligence. An international handbook. Toronto: Hogrefe
Keywords: Sonstiges -
(2005): Universal Moral Values for Corporate Codes of Ethics. In: Journal of Business Ethics 59 (1-2), S. 27-44. DOI: 10.1007/s10551-005-3403-2
Abstract: How can one establish if a corporate code of ethics is ethical in terms of its content? One important first step might be the establishment of core universal moral values by which corporate codes of ethics can be ethically constructed and evaluated. Following a review of normative research on corporate codes of ethics, a set of universal moral values is generated by considering three sources: (1) corporate codes of ethics; (2) global codes of ethics; and (3) the business ethics literature. Based on the convergence of the three sources of standards, six universal moral values for corporate codes of ethics are proposed including: (1) trustworthiness; (2) respect; (3) responsibility; (4) fairness; (5) caring; and (6) citizenship. Relying on the proposed set of universal moral values, implications are discussed as to what the content of corporate codes of ethics should consist of. The paper concludes with its limitations.
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Schwarzer, Ralf; Birbaumer, Niels; Frey, Dieter; Kuhl, Julius; Schneider, Wolfgang (Hg.) (2005): Enzyklopädie der Psychologie. Themenbereich C, Theorie und Forschung. Göttingen, Germany: Hogrefe (Serie V)
Keywords: Normen -
(2005): Feeling, Emotion, Affect. In: M/C Journal 8 (6). DOI: 10.5204/mcj.2443
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(2005): Explorations in engagement for humans and robots. In: Artificial Intelligence 166 (1), S. 140-164. DOI: 10.1016/j.artint.2005.03.005
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.artint.2005.03.005 Abstract: This paper explores the concept of engagement, the process by which individuals in an interaction start, maintain and end their perceived connection to one another. The paper reports on one aspect of engagement among human interactors—the effect of tracking faces during an interaction. It also describes the architecture of a robot that can participate in conversational, collaborative interactions with engagement gestures. Finally, the paper reports on findings of experiments with human participants who interacted with a robot when it either performed or did not perform engagement gestures. Results of the human–robot studies indicate that people become engaged with robots: they direct their attention to the robot more often in interactions where engagement gestures are present, and they find interactions more appropriate when engagement gestures are present than when they are not.
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(2005): L'individuation à la lumière des notions de forme et d'information. Paris: Millon
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(2005): Culture and social behavior. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates (Ontario symposium). Online verfügbar unter http://site.ebrary.com/lib/alltitles/docDetail.action?docID=10103835
Abstract: The 10th Ontario Symposium on Personality and Social Psychology was held in 2002 on the topic of culture and social behavior. This book consists of the expanded and updated versions of papers presented initially at the conference
Keywords: Cross-cultural studies, Culture, East and West, Kultur, social psychology, Sozialverhalten -
(2005) : Three-layered draw-attention model for humanoid robots with gestures and verbal cues: 2005 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems: 2005 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems: Piscataway NJ: IEEE, S. 2423-2428
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/IROS.2005.1545293 Abstract: When we talk about objects in an environment, we indicate to a listener which object is currently under consideration by using pointing gesture and such reference terms as "this" and "that". Such reference terms play an important role in human interaction by quickly informing the listener of an indicated object’s location. In this research, we propose a three-layered draw-attention model for humanoid robots with gestures and verbal cues. Our proposed three-layered model consists of three sub models: reference term model (RTM), limit distance model (LDM) and object property model (OPM). RTM decides an appropriate reference term using functions constructed by an analysis of human behavior. LDM decides whether to use the object’s property with a reference term. OPM decides the appropriate property for indicating the object by comparing object properties with each other. We developed an attention drawing system in a communication robot named "Robovie" based on the three layered model. We confirmed its effectiveness through the experiments.
Keywords: Angemessen(heit) (von Technik), Cities, communication robot, Gesture recognition, Human behavior, Human Computer Interaction, human interaction, Human robot interaction, Humanoid Robot, Humanoid Robots, human-robot interaction, human-robot interface, ieee xplore, intelligent robots, Knowledge engineering, limit distance model, Medical services, object property model, pointing gesture, reference term model, robot gesture, robot verbal cue, Robovie, Senior citizens, speech recognition, three-layered draw attention model, towns -
(2005): Intelligent and Efficient Strategy for Unstructured Environment Sensing Using Mobile Robot Agents. In: Journal of Intelligent & Robotic Systems 43 (2-4), S. 217-253. DOI: 10.1007/s10846-004-3063-y
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10846-004-3063-y Abstract: In field environments it is not usually possible to provide robots in advance with valid geometric models of its task and environment. The robot or robot teams need to create these models by scanning the environment with its sensors. Here, an information-based iterative algorithm to plan the robot’s visual exploration strategy is proposed to enable it to most efficiently build 3D models of its environment and task. The method assumes mobile robot (or vehicle) with vision sensors mounted at a manipulator end-effector (eye-in-hand system). This algorithm efficiently repositions the systems’ sensing agents using an information theoretic approach and fuses sensory information using physical models to yield a geometrically consistent environment map. This is achieved by utilizing a metric derived from Shannon’s information theory to determine optimal sensing poses for the agent(s) mapping a highly unstructured environment, This map is then distributed among the agents using an information-based relevant data reduction scheme, This method is particularly well suited to unstructured environments, where sensor uncertainty is significant. Issues addressed include model-based multiple sensor data fusion, and uncertainty and vehicle suspension motion compensation. Simulation results show the effectiveness of this algorithm. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
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(2005): Soziale Kompetenzen. In: Handbuch der Persönlichkeitspsychologie und Differentiellen Psychologie, S. 350-361
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(2005): The ABC's of BBN. From Acoustics to Behavioral Sciences to Computers. In: IEEE Annals of the History of Computing 27 (2), S. 15-29. DOI: 10.1109/MAHC.2005.32
Abstract: The discipline of psychology, and specifically the concept of man-machine integration, served to organize computer research and development at BBN, beginning in the 1950s.
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(2005): Beyond the micro-level in politeness research. In: Journal of Politeness Research. Language, Behaviour, Culture 1 (2), S. 237-262. DOI: 10.1515/jplr.2005.1.2.237
Abstract: Politeness research to date has generally adopted one of two views: the “traditional” view based on the dual premises of Grice’s Co-operative Principle and speech act theory (Lakoff 1973, Brown and Levinson 1987 [1978], Leech 1983), or the “post-modern” view, which rejects these premises and substitutes them by an emphasis on participants’ own perceptions of politeness (politeness1) and on the discursive struggle over politeness (Eelen 2001, Mills 2003, Watts 2003). Contrasting these two views, this article considers not only their points of disagreement, but, crucially, points where the two views coincide, bringing to light their common underlying assumptions. It then goes on to show how, departing from these common assumptions, a third direction for politeness studies, the “frame-based” view, is possible. Following an outline of the frame-based view, it is suggested that this fits in with the traditional and the post-modern views in a three-layered schema addressing politeness phenomena at different levels of granularity.
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(2005) : Interkulturelle Wahrnehmung, Kommunikation und Kooperation In: Thomas, Alexander; Kinast, Eva-Ulrike; Schroll-Machl, Sylvia (Hg.): Handbuch interkulturelle Kommunikation und Kooperation: Band 1: Grundlagen und Praxisfelder: 2. überarbeitete Auflage: Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht (Interkulturelle Kompetenz), S. 94-116
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Thomas, Alexander; Kinast, Eva-Ulrike; Schroll-Machl, Sylvia (Hg.) (2005): Handbuch interkulturelle Kommunikation und Kooperation. Band 1: Grundlagen und Praxisfelder. 2. überarbeitete Auflage. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht (Interkulturelle Kompetenz). Online verfügbar unter http://lib.myilibrary.com?id=376052
Abstract: Die Fähigkeit zur interkulturellen Kommunikation und Kooperation mit Menschen aus unterschiedlichen Nationen wird immer bedeutsamer. "Interkulturelle Handlungskompetenz" ist bereits eine von vielen Arbeitgebern geforderte Schlüsselqualifikation.
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(2005): Can Taste Illumine Class?. Cultural Knowledge Forms of Inequality. In: The Canadian Journal of Sociology 30 (3), S. 247-279. DOI: 10.1353/cjs.2005.0057
Abstract: In Distinction (1984), Pierre Bourdieu sought to identify social classes in 1960/70s France by assessing relationships between various forms of capital and cultural tastes and practices. In like manner, this article describes relationships between a variety of cultural tastes and capitals in modern-day Canada. Utilizing data from a questionnaire survey of adults in British Columbia, it assesses distinct and inter-related predictors of familiarity with (high-brow) culture and cultural omnivorism. In particular, the analysis explores contributions to zero-order and multivariate models made by (i) neo-Marxist distinctions based upon real economic ownership, various kinds of control in the workplace and degree of manual labour, (ii) economic capital and educational capital, the most efficient structuring principles of distinction in modern societies according to Bourdieu, and (iii) gender and ethnicity, two forms of power relatively under-explored in Bourdieu's empirical work that may also serve to structure cultural distinctions and intersect with class in Canada.
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(2005): Maximizing Human Potential. Capabilities Theory and the Professional Work Environment. In: Journal of Business Ethics 58 (1-3), S. 111-123. DOI: 10.1007/s10551-005-1423-6
Abstract: Human capabilities theory has emerged as an important framework for measuring whether various social systems promote human flourishing. The premise of this theory is that human beings share some nearly universal capabilities; what makes a human life fulfilling is the opportunity to exercise these capabilities. This essay proposes that the use of human capabilities theory can be expanded to assess whether a company has organized the work environment in such a way that allows workers to develop a variety of human capabilities. This mode of analysis is put forward as a complement to the work of Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, who has suggested that the key to promoting human well-being in the workplace is the maximization of flow experiences.
Keywords: Aristotelian ethics, business ethics, Disziplin, economics, Ethik, flourishing, flow, Gesellschaftsprofit, human capabilities, Human capabilities theory, Interaktion, Martha Nussbaum, Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, Philosophie, purpose of business, social systems, ethics, soziale Umwelt, Sozialverhalten, workplace environment -
(2005): Assistance in human–machine interaction: a conceptual framework and a proposal for a taxonomy. In: Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science 6 (2), S. 129-155. DOI: 10.1080/1463922042000295669
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1463922042000295669 Abstract: Many interactive systems offer assistance when users have difficulties in operating or using them. In spite of the overwhelming variety of assistance techniques available, it is often unclear what type of assistance is really needed and how special assistance functions should be designed. The first step towards theoretically solid design decisions is a conceptual framework and a comprehensive taxonomy of assistance. The present paper proposes to define assistance as access to machine functions and provides a taxonomy based mainly on action stages to be assisted. These stages are: (1) motivation, activation, and goal setting; (2) perception; (3) information integration, generating situation awareness; (4) decision-making, action selection; (5) action execution; and (6) processing feedback of action results. In analogy to social assistance, various types of technical assistance are assigned to the 6 action stages. Adjustment, initiative, presentation media, and input modality are also discussed as additional dimensions to classify assistance.
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(2005) : Person-friendly robot interaction: social, psychological and technological impacts in health care work: ROMAN 2005. IEEE International Workshop on Robot and Human Interactive Communication, 2005: ROMAN 2005. IEEE International Workshop on Robot and Human Interactive Communication, 2005: Nashville, TN, USA: IEEE, S. 643-648
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ROMAN.2005.1513852 Abstract: This paper explores social, psychological and technological impacts of surgical robot applications in health care environments. The introduction of novel medical and surgical robot technologies is changing the practice of medicine. The aim is to analyze how technological, social and psychological factors mutually affect person-friendly robot interaction, including the major determinants of utility, usability, and acceptability. The empirical inquiry consists of a qualitative case study of professional clinicians in two medical departments that have been studied through interviews, observations and examination of written records. As the study shows, interfaces of surgical robots should harmonize to the characteristics of human users. The appropriate allocation of tasks and capabilities between the robot, the surgeon, assistant surgeons and other members in the operation team proves to be a dilemma. The design of separate approaches to the social and technical systems of HRI is not sufficient. Instead, the proper technology is the one that best fits the entire situation.
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Watts, Richard J.; Sachiko, Ide; Ehlich, Konrad (Hg.) (2005): Politeness in language. Studies in its history, theory and practice. 2. rev. and expanded ed. / with a new introd. by Richard J. Watts. Berlin u.a.: Mouton de Gruyter
Abstract: This collection of 13 original papers focuses on the phenomemon of politeness in language. It presents the most important problems in developing a theory of linguistic politeness, which must deal with the crucial differences between lay notions of politeness in different cultures and the term "politeness" as a concept within a theory of lingustic politeness. The universal validity of the term itself is called into question, as are models by Brown and Levison, Lakoff and Leech. New approaches are suggested. In addition to this theoretical discussion, an empirical section presents a number of case studies and research projects in linguistic politeness. These show what has been achieved within current models and what still remains to be done, in particular with reference with cross-cultural studies in politeness and differences between a Western and a non-Western approach to the subject.
Keywords: Aufsatzsammlung, Aufsatzsammlungen, Brown and Levinson's model, Disziplin, Favoriten, Good manners, Höflichkeit, Höflichkeitsforschung, (Im)Politeness Research, Klassiker, Kommunikation, Linguistik, Sammelband, Soziale Angemessenheit, Sprache, Theory of Linguistic Politeness vs. lay notions of politeness, Überblick -
(2005) : Linguistic politeness research. Quo vadis? In: Watts, Richard J.; Sachiko, Ide; Ehlich, Konrad (Hg.): Politeness in language: Studies in its history, theory and practice: 2. rev. and expanded ed. / with a new introd. by Richard J. Watts: Berlin u.a.: Mouton de Gruyter, S. xi-xlvii
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(2005) : Social intelligence - A review and critical disucssion of measurement concepts In: Schulze, Ralf; Roberts, Richard D. (Hg.): Emotional intelligence. An international handbook: Toronto: Hogrefe, S. 203-230
Abstract: Provides a description of theoretical and empirical approaches to sketch the nature and scope of the social intelligence construct. Detailed attention is given to the empirical investigations of the structure and validity of this construct. Research designs and outcomes of these studies are described along with a classification of the measurement procedures affecting the validity of the studies. The considerations support the assumption that method-related variance can explain a substantial part of the results. Therefore, the application of multitrait-multimethod designs to control for this bias is suggested. In addition, past theoretical and empirical accounts are integrated into a performance model of social intelligence with the main focus on the cognitive facets of the construct: social understanding, social memory, social perception, and social creativity. Some empirical data are provided that supports this model. The chapter concludes by discussing important conceptual and measurement issues for future research: the importance of thoroughly specifying the intended measurement construct and the corresponding task requirements, the construction of tests that reflect the real-life significance of the construct, and a well-considered validation strategy (construct and predictive validity) that also takes related constructs like emotional intelligence into account.
Keywords: ABILITY, Emotionsforschung, Fähigkeit, Individuelle Unterschiede, Individual Differences, Intelligence, Intelligenz, Measurement, Messung, Personality Traits & Processes, Persönlichkeitseigenschaften und Persönlichkeitsprozesse, Psychological Theories, Psychologische Theorien, psychometrics, Psychometrie, Review, Soziale Intelligenz -
(2005): Polite computing. In: Behaviour & Information Technology 24 (5), S. 353-363. DOI: 10.1080/01449290512331333700
Abstract: This paper presents politeness as a key social requirement for computer human interaction (CHI). Politeness is defined, in information terms, as offering the locus of control of a social interaction to another party. Software that creates pop-up windows is not illegal, but is impolite, as it preempts user choice. It is proposed that impolite software drives users away, while polite software attracts them. Specifying politeness suggests four requirements: (1) Respect user choice (2) Disclose yourself (3) Offer useful choices (4) Remember past choices. Software that ignores these rules may fail not by logic error but by social error. "Mr. Clippy" is an example of software that users often disable because it is impolite. Operating systems could support application politeness by providing an application source registry and a general meta-choice console. A future is envisaged where software politeness is a critical software success requirement.
Keywords: Angepasstheit der Maschine an Nutzerbedürfnisse, Computerwissenschaft, Disclose yourself, doppelter Treffer, Etikette, Höflichkeit, Höflichkeitsforschung, Human-Computer Etiquette, Human-computer interaction, Interaktionspartner, Mensch oder Maschine, Mensch-Technik-Relationen (MTR), Mensch-Technische Systeme, Offer useful choices, polite social interaction, Politeness, Realtechnik, Remember past choices, Respect user choice, Software, Sozial Intelligente Agenten, Soziale Angemessenheit, Soziale Robotik, Soziosensitive Systeme, Technik, Technikbezug -
(2005): The Solidarity of Distance1. In: Zeitschrift für Sozialpsychologie 36 (3), S. 103-115. DOI: 10.1024/0044-3514.36.3.103
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1024/0044-3514.36.3.103 Abstract: Solidarität im klassischen Sinne bedeutet einen Zusammenhalt unter Menschen, der physische Kontakte, geteilte Emotionen und gemeinsame Ziele oder Projekte umfasst. Charakteristische Fälle finden sich in Familien, unter engen Freunden oder Kolleginnen. Die vorliegende Arbeit hingegen beleuchtet ein anderes Phänomen, eine Solidarität der Distanz, die gegründet ist auf der Angst vor bestimmten anderen Personen und auf der Inkompetenz, mit bestimmten anderen zu interagieren. Ausgangspunkt der Analyse ist die Motivation eines Individuums, mit anderen Menschen zu interagieren, die es als fremdartig oder Furcht einflößend empfindet. Sofern Furcht und empfundene soziale Inkompetenz das Entstehen einer vollständigen Interaktion verhindern, wird das Individuum Solidarität mit diesen anderen auf einer symbolischen Ebene entwickeln. Auf diese Weise wird das Motiv realisiert, sich anderen zu nähern, wobei gleichzeitig physische und emotionale Distanz erhalten bleibt.