poliTE-Literatur-Datenbank

Kenny, David A. (2004): PERSON. A general model of interpersonal perception. In: Personality and social psychology review: An official journal of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Inc 8 (3), S. 265-280. DOI: 10.1207/s15327957pspr0803_3

DOI: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15454349

Abstract: A general theoretical model of interpersonal perception called PERSON (personality, error, residual, stereotype, opinion, and norm) is developed. This model reparameterizes a weighted-average model (WAM; Kenny, 1991; Kenny, Albright, Malloy, & Kashy, 1994) into six components. Two of those components refer to categorical information and 4 to behavioral information. Based on a formal model, for which parameters are estimated from previous research studies, several implications are developed. The PERSON model can explain the low level of consensus in person perception, the fact that consensus does not increase with greater acquaintance, the strong stability of interpersonal judgment, the overconfidence effect, and the fact that short-term judgments are sometimes as accurate as long-term judgments. The PERSON model generally predicts that acquaintance is not as important in person perception as generally thought.

Keywords: Favoriten, General Model of Interpersonal Perception (PERSON), Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Modelle/Theorien, Self Concept, Social Perception, Sozialpsychologie

Kenny, David A.; Horner, Caryl; Kashy, Deborah A.; Chu, Ling-chuan (1992): Consensus at zero acquaintance. Replication, behavioral cues, and stability. In: Journal of personality and social psychology 62 (1), S. 88-97. DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.62.1.88

Abstract: That observers tend to agree in their ratings of a target even if they have never interacted with that target has been called consensus at zero acquaintance. The basic finding that consensus is highest for judgments concerning a target's degree of extraversion (EV) and somewhat weaker for judgments of conscientiousness is replicated. Several potential observable cues that might be used by judges when rating targets are examined. The finding that ratings of physical attractiveness correlate with judgments of EV is replicated. In Study 1, rapid body movements and smiling were also found to correlate with EV judgments. The level of consensus declined when initially unacquainted Ss interacted one-on-one (Study 2), but did not decline-and even increased-when Ss interacted in a group (Study 3). Ss judged as extraverted at zero acquaintance were also seen as extraverted after interacting with others.

Keywords: degree of acquaintance, Disziplin, Favoriten, General Model of Interpersonal Perception (PERSON), Gestik/Mimik, Interaktion, Interpersonale Wahrnehmung, Modelle/Theorien, Postkasten, Psychologie, Soziale Angemessenheit, Status / biologische Marker, SV

Kenny, David A. (1991): A general model of consensus and accuracy in interpersonal perception. In: Psychological Review 98 (2), S. 155-163. DOI: 10.1037//0033-295X.98.2.155

Abstract: Consensus refers to the extent to which 2 judges agree in their ratings of a common target. A general model of interpersonal perception based on Anderson's (1981) weighted-average model is developed. The model shows that increased acquaintance does not always lead to large changes in consensus. Degree of overlap between the target behaviors observed by the judges and similarity of meaning systems are key but neglected parameters. The model can also be used as a basis for determining the accuracy of person perception. In some cases, accuracy can increase with greater acquaintance, whereas consensus may not.

Keywords: degree of acquaintance, Favoriten, General Model of Interpersonal Perception (PERSON), Interaktion, interpersonal, Interpersonale Wahrnehmung, Konsens, Postkasten, Soziale Angemessenheit, SV