Alle Publikationen
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2016
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(2016): Noise and Sound Reconciled. How London Clubs Shaped Conversation into a Social Art. In: Études Épistémè (29). DOI: 10.4000/episteme.1208
Abstract: This essay aims to show how London clubs played a decisive role in the shaping of conversation into a social art. It first examines the evolution of conversation in England both as a cultural concept and as a social practice in the context of the emergence and success of club sociability over the course of the eighteenth century. Conversation was at the heart of urban sociability practices and especially flourished in the London coffee-houses of the end of the seventeenth century. At the same time, conversation was theorized, conceptualized, modeled and discussed in a prolific and varied normative literature. Was the conversation that animated the first coffee-houses of the same nature as the conversation which prevailed in the exclusive circles of the second half of the eighteenth century? This study then points at obvious dissonances between the theory and the practice of conversation within the world of London clubs. While club conversation was a rite of worldly sociability, whose refined principles clubmen were supposed to master, it often sounded far from the smooth and polite prescriptive model it was expected to conform to. To what extent was Samuel Johnson, the founder of The Club and one of the greatest conversationalists of his time, a significant agent in the transformation of conversation into a social art in itself? Finally, this analysis claims that gentlemen's clubs contributed to shape a new model of conversation in England, in which noise and sound could co-exist and the paradoxes inherent in club conversation could be reconciled.
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(2016): The Table Manners in the 18th Century: Sociocultural Evolution through the Rules of Etiquette. Se mettre à table au xviiie siècle. In: Cahiers balkaniques (Hors-série). DOI: 10.4000/ceb.7709
Abstract: The manuals containing rules of courteous behavior and morals, the Chrestomathies, published during the 18th and 19th centuries targeted a wide public consisting of the rising social classes. Their authors were seeking to elaborate on a new ethic that complied with the spirit of their time. But is also a matter of integrating in the Greek mentality the codes of manners and politeness, including the table manners. This paper proposes to examine the chapter of Cesarius Dapontes's Chrestomathy dedicated to table manners in order to understand the sociocultural and ideological evolution throughout the rules of etiquette.
2015
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(2015): Decorum and Desire. Dance in Renaissance Europe and the Maturation of a Discipline. In: RENAISSANCE QUARTERLY 68 (2), S. 597-612
Abstract: Dance in early modern Europe was actively enganged in by all levels of society. Thus research into past practices has implications for many areas of historical inquiry: music, theater, festivals, visual arts, costume, gesture, literature, garden design, political processes, and intellectual movements, as well as questions of identity, oder and moral virtue.
Keywords: decorum, Geschichte, Kulturelle/soziale Rituale, Renaissance, Soziale Ordnung, Tanz, Werte 2007
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(2007): Being (im)polite in New Zealand workplaces. Māori and Pākehā leaders. In: Journal of Pragmatics 39 (4), S. 712-729. DOI: 10.1016/j.pragma.2006.11.016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2006.11.016 Abstract: This paper investigates the ways in which leaders in ethnically diverse workplaces in New Zealand construct themselves as effective leaders in interaction with subordinates, whilst also taking account of the politeness norms of their specific workplaces. Case studies of two leaders, one from a Pākehā and one from a Māori workplace, illustrate that shared ethnic values and attitudes impact on the behaviour of all members of the leaders’ communities of practice. The analysis of meeting openings and the use of contestive humour demonstrate that what is considered appropriate behaviour in one organisational context, and what is perceived as constituting polite behaviour by group members, may be considered inappropriate and even impolite by members of another organisation. By behaving in ways that are in accordance with the norms developed in their ‘ethnicised’ communities of practice, leaders and other organisational members reinforce, maintain and shape these politeness norms.
1995
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(1995): Zeremoniell als höfische Ästhetik in Spätmittelalter und Früher Neuzeit. Tübingen: NiemeyerKeywords: Kulturelle/soziale Rituale
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(1995): Etiquette Books and Emotion Management in the 20th Century. Part Two--The Integration of the Sexes. In: Journal of Social History 29 (2), S. 325-339. DOI: 10.1353/jsh/29.2.324
Abstract: This paper is the second part of a report on a comparative study of changes in twentieth-century American, Dutch, English and German etiquette books, focusing on connections between changes in ranking and formality, especially with regard to classes and sexes, and changes in emotion management. This part concentrates on the diminishing social and psychic distance between the sexes, and on changes in the demands on emotion management in the process of women's emancipation and social integration. A sketch of the expansion of upper- and middle-class women's sources of power and identity focuses on aspects such as the development of codes of behaviour for new situations: dances, dates, the workplace, etc., as women succeeded in getting rid of the system of chaperonage and in 'escaping' from the imprisonment of the 'home'. The concluding sections of this part focus on the intensified tug-of-war between old and new relational ideals and sources of power, and concomitant: feelings of ambivalence in both women and men.
Keywords: Etikette, Etiquette, Favoriten, Gender, Geschichte, Historical shifts of politeness forms, Kulturelle/soziale Rituale, Observablen/Kriterien für sozial angemessenes Verhalten und dessen Bewertung, Ratgeber, Ratgeberforschung, Sexes, Soziale Angemessenheit, Sozialgeschichte, Tanz, Überblick 1971
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(1971): Sense and Nonsense in St. Vincent. Speech Behavior and Decorum in a Caribbean Community. In: American Anthropologist 73 (3), S. 762-772. DOI: 10.1525/aa.1971.73.3.02a00160
Abstract: Speech behavior, among the Afro-American peasants of St. Vincent, British West Indies, is the focus of a high degree of interest, self-consciousness, and value judgment. A segment of the speech economy of Vincentian peasants is analyzed in terms of a native taxonomy of speech acts and related terms, illuminating Vincentian ideas concerning proper and improper behavior as well as the realm of speech behavior itself. The analysis paves the way for a consideration of the conduct and significance of the tea meeting, one of the most popular performance events on the island and a key to the dynamics of social change in contemporary Vincentian society.
Keywords: Ethnographie, im/proper, proper behaviour, improper behaviour, Kommunikation, Kultur, Kulturelle Normen, Kulturelle/soziale Rituale, Kulturvergleich, Linguistik, Non/sense, Rhetorik, Sinn, Sinnproduktion, Sinnzuweisung, Soziale Angemessenheit, Speech Behaviour, Sprachgebrauch, Sprechakt, Sprechgewohnheit, Sprechökonomie, Taxonimie, Teezeremonie 1968
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(1968): The Etiquette of Bargaining in the Middle East. In: American Anthropologist 70 (4), S. 698-706. DOI: 10.1525/aa.1968.70.4.02a00020
Abstract: Bargaining takes place in free markets, as in the sûqs of the Middle East, where prices fluctuate and where the buyers and sellers meet with opposed economic interests. It brings order to such markets by enabling the buyer and the seller to develop lasting economic relationships between them, based on mutual trust. Should the bargaining partners, buyer or seller, fail to establish such trust by the use of culturally determined polite formulas, conflict between them arises and no transaction takes place.
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