Alle Publikationen
2018
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(2018): They did it again!. Social control responses to repeated incidences of deviance in small groups / ¡Lo han vuelto a hacer! Respuestas de control social a la incidencia repetida de la desviación en grupos pequeños. In: Revista de Psicología Social 33 (3), S. 578-619. DOI: 10.1080/02134748.2018.1482055
Abstract: Deviant group members who break group norms often challenge social validity and group locomotion, invoking varying types of social control responses. The current study (N = 95) investigated changes over time in the use of four social control responses of varying severity (persuasion, embarrassment, temporary exclusion and permanent exclusion) employed in response to deviance. It also tested the roles that perceived effectiveness of and social support for various responses play in response selection. Findings show severity of social control response selection is driven by both pragmatic and identity-based concerns: Over time, responses become more severe, driven in part by effectiveness and social support. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved)
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(2018): Individual differences in social control. Who 'speaks up' when witnessing uncivil, discriminatory, and immoral behaviours?. In: The British journal of social psychology 57 (3), S. 524-546. DOI: 10.1111/bjso.12246
DOI: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29468703 Abstract: This research examined the personality characteristics of individuals who 'speak up' and confront perpetrators of norm transgressions. We tested whether those who intervene tend to be 'bitter complainers' or 'well-adjusted leaders'. In four studies (total N = 1,003), we measured several individual differences that are directly implicated by at least one of the two concepts. We also presented participants with uncivil, discriminatory, and immoral behaviours and asked them how likely they would be to intervene if they were to witness each of these behaviours as a bystander. The results confirmed the well-adjusted leader hypothesis: Participants' self-reported tendency to confront perpetrators correlated positively with altruism, extraversion, social responsibility, acceptance by peers, independent self-construal, emotion regulation, persistence, self-directedness, age, occupation, and monthly salary, but not with aggressiveness or low self-esteem. Individuals who confront prejudice also speak up against other immoral and uncivil behaviours. We discuss the implications of these findings for the perpetuation and change of social norms. zitiert von 2
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(2018): Children conform, adults resist: A robot group induced peer pressure on normative social conformity. In: Science Robotics 3 (21). DOI: 10.1126/scirobotics.aat7111
2017
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(2017) : Social control theory. In: Teasdale, Brent; Bradley-Engen, Mindy S. (Hg.): Preventing crime and violence: Cham: Springer (Advances in prevention science), S. 31-41
Abstract: Social control theory assumes that crime and delinquency are outcomes of an asocial human nature and that crime provides a way for a selfish, rational actor to obtain desires more quickly and easily than is possible with conventional means. Thus, crime is non-problematic, and what remains to be explained is why most people conform to the laws of society most of the time. Hirschi's answer to this question, in brief, is that our bond to society gives us too much to lose to risk engaging in criminal behavior. This focus on the social forces that promote conformity makes social control theory, as well as Hirschi's later work on self-control theory, very well suited to the study of preventing crime and violence. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved)
Keywords: Criminal Behavior, Group Cohesion, social control, society, Theories, Verhaltensforschung, Violence -
(2017): Social Control, Trade Openness and Human Trafficking. In: Journal of Quantitative Criminology 33 (4), S. 887-913. DOI: 10.1007/s10940-016-9316-7
Abstract: Objective: Human trafficking has generated growing concern among both policy makers and researchers. However, research has been hampered by a lack of valid data and appropriate methods. Our study attempts to improve understanding of this issue by developing a macro-level social disorganization perspective which suggests that trade openness may be an important vector of human trafficking such that countries in transition between high and low levels are likely to face major challenges in controlling trafficking and will therefore be especially likely to experience high rates. Our analysis is based on United Nations panel data containing 163 time points for 43 countries from 2003 to 2008 where there is full information across the variables of interest. Methods: The study first relies on semi-parametric fixed effects regression estimators to determine the 'true' functional form of the relationship between trade openness and human trafficking. Next, we utilize random and fixed effects regression analysis and negative binomial regression analysis to assess the existence of an inverted U-relationship between trade openness and human trafficking. Results: Consistent with our theoretical prediction, the spline approximation of the relationship between trade openness and human trafficking rates exhibits a clear inverted-U. The random and fixed effects regression results support the same conclusion. The turning point is estimated to be 1.995 and two sensitivity analyses confirm this finding through a parametric and a nonparametric bootstrap method with replications. Finally, using negative binomial and fixed effects negative binomial regressions, we again confirm that there is an inverted-U relationship between trade openness and human trafficking counts. Conclusions: In line with a macro-level social disorganization perspective we argue that countries with relatively weak social control will have high rates of crime and deviance. We operationalize social control in terms of the openness of a country’s trade to the international community and as expected we find a curvilinear relationship between levels of trade openness and human trafficking. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved) zitiert von 3
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Teasdale, Brent; Bradley-Engen, Mindy S. (Hg.) (2017): Preventing crime and violence. Cham: Springer (Advances in prevention science)
2016
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(2016) : Das Bedürfnis nach Kontrolle als soziale Motivation In: Bierhoff, Hans-Werner; Frey, Dieter (Hg.): Soziale Motive und soziale Einstellungen: 1. Auflage: Göttingen: Hogrefe (Enzyklopädie der Psychologie. Themenbereich C, Theorie und Forschung. Serie VI, Sozialpsychologie), S. 53-86
Abstract: Ein Überblick über die Forschung zu den Bedingungen und Auswirkungen von Kontrolle und deren motivationalen Grundlagen wird gegeben. Zunächst wird geklärt, was (Sozial-)Psychologinnen und (Sozial-)Psychologen von Kontrolle sprechen. Dann wird die Frage diskutiert, ob es sich beim Streben nach Kontrolle um ein menschliches Grundmotiv handelt. Die Auswirkungen wahrgenommener Kontrolle auf menschliches Denken, Fühlen und Handeln werden besprochen, und es wird erörtert, wie Menschen mit wahrgenommenem Kontrollmangel umgehen (etwa soziale Verteidigungsreaktionen wie gruppenbasierte oder kompensatorische Kontrolle). Abschließend wird - über den Rahmen klassischer Theorien und Befunde hinausgehend - gezeigt, dass Kontrollprozesse in ganz unterschiedlichen Bereichen der Sozialpsychologie von Bedeutung sind. Insbesondere geht es hierbei um die Transaktionen zwischen Individuen und ihrer physikalischen sowie ihrer sozialen Umwelt, wobei letztere an sich durch Kontrollbeziehungen (soziale Macht) gekennzeichnet ist und gleichzeitig die Grundlage für soziale Koordination und Kooperation und somit Prozesse kollektiver Kontrolle ("collective action") bildet.
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(2016): Promoting fairness in the face of conflict. The moderating effect of social control. In: Leadership & Organization Development Journal 37 (5), S. 593-608. DOI: 10.1108/LODJ-09-2014-0175
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/LODJ-09-2014-0175 Abstract: Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to describe how superior-subordinate conflicts stimulate managers to promote fairness. The theory proposes that managers’ efforts to apply social controls (i.e. training and socialization activities that promote emotional connection and value congruence) moderate the influence of superior-subordinate conflicts on managers’ efforts to promote fairness. When conflicts are experienced by managers who apply social controls, those managers increase their efforts to promote fairness. Because managers who apply social controls need subordinates to endorse their directives, they promote fairness in the face of conflict to demonstrate that they manage subordinates in ways that are appropriate and deserving of their cooperation. Design/methodology/approach: These ideas are tested in two studies: a survey of managers and their subordinates and a scenario-based experiment. Findings: The results obtained from these studies demonstrate that whe n manage rs who apply social controls encounter superior-subordinate conflicts, they more actively work to fairly distribute rewards and responsibilities (i.e. promote distributive fairness) and accurately and consistently implement organizational procedures (i.e. promote procedural fairness). Practical implications: This paper demonstrates how managers who are engaged in important sets of behaviors use fairness to address conflicts with their subordinates. Originality/value: By identifying when superior-subordinate conflicts stimulate managers to promote fairness, this paper contributes to research on how individuals use fairness and controls together to maintain their positions of authority within social contexts (e.g. groups, units, organizations). (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved)
2015
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(2015) : Control, Social In: Wright, James D.: International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences (Second Edition): Oxford: Elsevier, S. 822-827
Abstract: At the beginning of the twentieth century, social control referred to those aspects of social life contributing to the social order, in fact making social order possible. Later, in the writings of sociologists and historians studying prisons, mental institutions, and the like, social control came to mean either a label putting in motion some amplification of deviance process or the organized way in which society reacts to deviance. The term was given a pejorative overtone, meaning coercion, manipulation, and stigmatization. In contemporary criminology, the term is often used in a theory trying to explain juvenile delinquency by a failure of informal controls and to explain the level of crime and violence in neighborhoods. The concept of social control is used by anthropologists to describe the methods by which different cultures resolve conflicts and enforce norms. The social control of crime also refers to all the means specifically aimed at reducing the probability or severity of crime. In the latter case, social control is not so much conceived as the influence of society on individuals, but as the intentional influence by social actors.
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(2015) : Religion. Morality and Social Control In: Wright, James D.: International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences (Second Edition): Oxford: Elsevier, S. 333-337
Abstract: Religion, morality, and social control have been inexorably linked for centuries. In fact, some argue that morality and social control are derived fundamentally from religion. Dominant religious bodies in many societies define correct behavior, codify conduct, and establish social control systems designed to enforce systems of behaviors. This article begins with a discussion of morality, including its definition in the social sciences and how it both influences and is influenced by society. Social control is treated similarly, with attention to different types of control, distinct types of social control organizations, whether social control is unduly influenced by elite members of society, and whether its differential impact on people is distinguished by class, race/ethnicity, and gender. The role of religion in defining and being affected by morality and social control is presented next. This section addresses how various aspects of religion affect moral behaviors and serve as social control mechanisms. The final section discusses how religion is sometimes cast as immoral and deviant.
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(2015) : Technology and Social Control In: Wright, James D.: International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences (Second Edition): Oxford: Elsevier, S. 117-124
Abstract: One aspect of modernization is the use of science-based technology in rule enforcement. In the ‘engineered society,’ an ethos of rationalization is seen in the application of means to ends. The events of 11 September 2001, and the war on terror have brought increased attention to the question, but the increased use of technical means for control reflects continuity rather than disjuncture. Six social control strategies are discussed and illustrated: target removal, target devaluation, target insulation, offender incapacitation, offender exclusion, and identification of offenses and offenders. In complex settings in a democratic society, relying primarily on technology to control human behavior has clear social and ethical limitations. The technology's narrowing of focus may come at a cost of failing to see larger systemic contexts, alternatives, and longer range consequences. The complexity and fluidity of human situations makes this a rich area for the study of trade-off, irony, and paradox. There are some parallels to iatrogenic medical practices in which one problem is cured, but at a cost of creating another. Technical efforts to ensure conformity may be hindered by conflicting goals, unintended consequences, displacement, lessened equity, complacency, neutralization, invalidity, escalation, system overload, a negative image of personal dignity and the danger of the means determining, or becoming ends. zitiert von 39
Keywords: Deviance, Dignity, Manipulation, Means–ends relations, Medien, Mensch-Technik-Relation, Police, RATIONALITY, rules, science direct, social control, Social engineering, surveillance, Suspect weakening, System overload, Target hardening, technology, Unintended consequences, Verhaltensforschung 2014
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(2014) : Safety and ethical issues in the development of human assistive robots In: Sankai, Yoshiyuki; Suzuki, Kenji; Hasegawa, Yasuhisa (Hg.): Cybernics: Fusion of human, machine and information systems: New York, NY: Springer Science + Business Media, S. 299-313
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54159-2_15 Abstract: Recent advances in robot technology have led to the practical use of various human assistive robots. With the increase in such robots, there comes a demand to establish a social system that ensures the safety of the users and protects trial subjects. In this chapter we give an overview of the safety and ethical issues in the development of human assistive robots. We first describe the recent standardization activities for the safety of human assistive robots. We next discuss an ethical issue in the development of robots and introduce our proposed stepwise development process for protection of trial subjects. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved)
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(2014): Examining gender differences in received, provided, and invisible social control. An application of the dual-effects model. In: Anxiety, stress, and coping 27 (6), S. 678-694. DOI: 10.1080/10615806.2014.892585
DOI: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24517507 Abstract: The dual-effects model of social control not only assumes that social control leads to better health practices but also arouses psychological distress. However, findings are inconsistent. The present study advances the current literature by examining social control from a dyadic perspective in the context of smoking. In addition, the study examines whether control, continuous smoking abstinence, and affect are differentially related for men and women. Before and three weeks after a self-set quit attempt, we examined 106 smokers (77 men, mean age: 40.67, average number of cigarettes smoked per day: 16.59 [SD=8.52, range=1-40] at baseline and 5.27 [SD=6.97, range=0-40] at follow-up) and their nonsmoking heterosexual partners, assessing received and provided control, continuous abstinence, and affect. With regard to smoker's affective reactions, partner's provided control was related to an increase in positive and to a decrease in negative affect, but only for female smokers. Moreover, the greater the discrepancy between smoker received and partner's provided control was the more positive affect increased and the more negative affect decreased, but again only for female smokers. These findings demonstrate that female smokers' well-being was raised over time if they were not aware of the control attempts of their nonsmoking partners, indicating positive effects of invisible social control. This study's results emphasize the importance of applying a dyadic perspective and taking gender differences in the dual-effects model of social control into account. zitiert von 7
Keywords: Adult, Affect, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Geschlechterforschung, Gesundheit, Health Behavior, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Models, Psychological, Motivation, Sex Factors, Sexual Partners/psychology, Smoking Cessation/psychology, Smoking/psychology, social control, Social Control, Informal/methods, Switzerland, Verhaltensforschung, Young Adult -
(2014): Fuhrung und Macht. Warum Einflussnahme erfolgreicher ist. In: Wirtschaftspsychologie aktuell 21 (1), S. 28-32
Abstract: Die positiven und negativen Auswirkungen von Macht in Fuhrungspositionen auf die Zusammmenarbeit und die Produktivitat in hierarchisch organisierten Unternehmen werden dikutiert. Zunnachst erfolgt eine nahere Bestimmung des Fuhrungsbegriffs anhand der Abgrenzung von Machtausubung gegenuber Einflussnahme. Es wird die Auffassung vertreten, dass die gefuhlsbestimmte Wahrnehmung und Informationsverarbeitung aller sozialen Sachverhalte auf drei sozio-emotionalen Dimensionen beruht, der Gemeinschaft (Valenz), der Macht (Dominanz) und der Aktivierung (Erregung). Unterschiedliche Wirkungen von Einflussnahme und Machtausubung werden erortert. Im Anschluss werden Grunde fur die seltene Anwendung von kooperativer Fuhrung in der Praxis erlautert. Drei Dynamiken werden hier als relevant erachtet: (1) Korrumpierung durch Macht, (2) Streben nach mehr Macht verbunden mit Machtkampfen und (3) die Erwartung, dass Fuhrungskrafte in Wissen und Fertigkeiten den Untergebenen uberlegen sind. Abschliessend werden Hinweise zur Praxis positiver Fuhrung ohne Einfluss der drei genannten Dynamiken gegeben.
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(2014): Managing subjects, manufacturing citizens. Picturing sites of social control in nineteenth-century America. In: Early Popular Visual Culture 12 (2), S. 104-126. DOI: 10.1080/17460654.2014.923160
Abstract: This article examines structures of social control that became institutionalized in the United States in the 1870s and 1880s. In particular, it examines how key philanthropic and penal institutions within New York City, including the school, workhouse and prison, were represented in the illustrated popular press as sites for both controlling and training an industrializing workforce. Examining how the language of scientific management seeped into the social realm, this essay argues that visual representations of these sites helped to reinforce normative middle-class ideals about education, work and punishment. Examining the ways that artists interpreted and framed these sites for a group of primarily middle-class viewers and readers, this essay argues that social systems helped to construct an ideal, imagined citizen who is, first and foremost, an efficient worker. The purpose of these institutions was, in main part, to teach their inmates to labor and to replicate the state apparatus by maintaining social order. This article also deals with the increasingly structured and professional implementation of education and social work during the years leading up to the Progressive Era.
Keywords: Bildsemantik, education, Identitätsstiftung, Kulturtechnik, Kunst, Kunstgeschichte, labor, Rollen, social control, Social Rank, social systems, Soziale Klasse / Schicht, Soziale Ordnung, United States, Vergangenheit / Erziehung, visual culture, Vorurteile, Zuschreiben einer erwarteten Rolle 2011
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(2011): Die Zukunft der Cultural Studies. Theorie, Kultur und Gesellschaft im 21. Jahrhundert. Bielefeld: Transcript (Cultural studies)
Abstract: Die Zukunft der "Cultural Studies" wird erörtert. Dabei wird die Auffassung verdeutlicht, dass sich die Cultural Studies in der ersten Dekade des dritten Jahrtausends als eine umstrittene, aber gleichzeitig vielschichtige und die Komplexität des kulturellen und gesellschaftlichen Lebens erhellende Formation zeigen. Die Vielfalt der theoretischen Paradigmen, intellektuellen Perspektiven und empirischen Zugänge verbindet ihre Verpflichtung zur kritischen Analyse der Gegenwart. Ausgehend von der zentralen Relevanz von Kultur in der sich herausbildenden globalen Gesellschaft werden in den Cultural Studies die Machtverhältnisse in unterschiedlichen Kontexten analysiert, Kontingenz und Relationalität gesellschaftlicher Praktiken werden aufgezeigt. Verhältnisse von Theorie, Kultur und Gesellschaft im 21. Jahrhundert werden kritisch analysiert. - Inhalt: (1) Rainer Winter: Einleitung: Cultural Studies - Jetzt und in der Zukunft. (2) Michael Ryan: Prolegomena zu den Kulturwissenschaften. (3) Ryan Bishop: Die Cultural Studies der Zukunft: Ein Plädoyer für mehr Mut und mehr Anregungen von außen. (4) Hanno Hardt: Wozu Cultural Studies? (5) Rainer Winter: Kritik, soziale Gerechtigkeit und Intervention: Qualitative Forschung in der amerikanischen Tradition. (6) Scott Lash: Posthegemoniale Macht: Cultural Studies im Wandel? (7) Douglas Kellner: Medienspektakel und Medienevents: Kritische Überlegungen. (8) Nick Couldry: Können wir eine Medienethik erstellen, und wenn ja, auf welcher Grundlage? (9) Huimin Jin: Für einen globalen Dialogismus: Zur begrifflichen Überwindung des "kulturellen Imperialismus" und der damit verbundenen kritischen Positionen. (10) Mike Featherstone: Die Moderne und die kulturelle Frage. zitiert von 14
2010
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(2010) : What is moral courage? : Definition, explication, and classification of a complex construct In: Pury, Cynthia L. S.; Lopez, Shane J. (Hg.): The psychology of courage: Modern research on an ancient virtue: 1st ed.: Washington, D.C: American Psychological Association (Decade of behavior, 2000-2010), S. 149-164
Abstract: Examined the prosocial behavior of moral courage, also known as civil courage. In this overview, the authors attempt to highlight this construct by comparing it to other prosocial behaviors like helping behavior and heroism. The authors note that moral courage differs from other prosocial constructs in that negative social consequences can also accompany acts of moral courage. Research about classical determinants of helping behavior that do not affect moral courage and determinants that foster moral courageous behavior are included. Models for moral courage as well as scales to measure it are presented. Practical implementations, such as moral courage training workshops, are discussed. It is concluded that moral courage should be examined as an independent subtype of prosocial behavior and not be subsumed under prosocial behaviors such as helping behavior or heroism.
Keywords: Courage, FEAR, Heroes, Intention, Moral, Morality, social control, Social Norms, Sympathy, Terminology, Verhaltensforschung, Zivilcourage 2009
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(2009): Self-control as social control. In: Poetics 37 (2), S. 146-161. DOI: 10.1016/j.poetic.2009.01.001
Abstract: Accepting Ulrich Beck's and Anthony Giddens’ diagnosis of contemporary society, many sociologists have equated post-tradition with reflexive modernization and with a social order characterized by a strong degree of individualization. This article reviews relevant empirical evidence concerning that individualization thesis, and concludes that it should be rejected. It proposes to view post-tradition, not as the harbinger of increased reflexivity and individualization, but as a shift in the mode of social control. Scarcity, religious belief and ideology, traditional ethics and roles, sensitivity to command and respect for authority, have lost much, if not all of their steering and controlling capacity. This does however not herald an epoch of individual autonomy, but a new form of social control, centered around the self, and in which schooling, the mass-media, the world of goods and therapy play an important role. zitiert von 53
2006
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(2006): Soziales Kapital und soziale Kontrolle. Zu den Determinanten sozialer Kontrolle in Nachbarschaften. In: Kriminalistik 60 (3), S. 177-183
Abstract: Anhand der Daten einer schriftlichen Befragung einer geschichteten Zufallsstichprobe von 3612 Hamburger Bürgern wurden Hypothesen zu den Effekten des generellen und lokalen Sozialkapitals auf die von den Bewohnern praktizierte soziale Kontrolle in ihren jeweiligen Stadtteilen überprüft. Aus einer Sichtung bislang vorliegender Studien wurde abgeleitet, dass eine Person umso häufiger Aktivitäten sozialer Kontrolle im Stadtteil ausübt, (1) je größer das generelle soziale Kapital ist, (2) je häufiger Kontakte zu Nachbarn sind, (3) je stärker das Vertrauen zu Nachbarn ist, (4) je höher die kollektive Wirksamkeit ist, (5) je häufiger physische und soziale Unzivilisiertheiten wahrgenommen werden, (6) je häufiger persönliche und indirekte Viktimisierungen sind, (7) je größer die Unzufriedenheit mit dem Wohnen im Stadtteil ist, (8) je länger Bewohner in einem Stadtteil leben und (9) je eher Personen über Wohneigentum verfügen. Die Ergebnisse der durchgeführten Regressionsanalysen, die auf drei verschiedenen Modellen beruhen, bestätigen positive Effekte des generellen Sozialkapitals, der Nachbarschaftskontakte, der wahrgenommenen Unzivilisiertheiten, der indirekten Viktimisierungen im Stadtteil sowie der Wohndauer und des Alters der Befragten auf das Ausmaß an ausgeübter sozialer Kontrolle. Mögliche Erklärungen dafür, dass das Vertrauen zu den Nachbarn keinen bzw. nur einen schwachen Effekt auf Kontrollaktivitäten aufwies, werden erörtert. Abschließend wird auf einige methodische Probleme der Studie eingegangen.
2005
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(2005): The Relationship Between Perceived Violation of Social Norms and Social Control. Situational Factors Influencing the Reaction to Deviance. In: Journal of Applied Social Psychology 35 (7), S. 1519-1539. DOI: 10.1111/j.1559-1816.2005.tb02182.x
Abstract: Social control is the generic term for all reactions through which people express their disapproval to someone who engages in a counter-normative behavior or who holds a counter-normative attitude. The literature on helping behavior suggests that perceived personal implication should play an important role in the decision of whether or not to exert social control. A field study with a total of 898 participants involving 5 different experimental settings was conducted in order to test this hypothesis. Confederates engaged in a variety of behaviors that violated social norms. Perceived personal implication was consistently the best predictor of social control behavior, such that the more someone felt that a deviant behavior affected him or her personally, the more he or she was likely to communicate his or her disapproval to the deviant confederate. Perceived deviance of the behavior was a less powerful predictor of social control. The findings support the role of moderating factors in social control behavior and stress the relevance of the circumstances under which social norms protecting public property are likely to be perpetuated. zitiert von 91
2001
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(2001) : Power/interaction and interpersonal influence: Experimental investigations and case studies. In: Lee-Chai, Annette Y.: The use and abuse of power: Multiple perspectives in the causes of corruption: Philadelphia, PA: Psychology Press, S. 217-240
Abstract: Begins with a review of the J. R. P. French, Jr. and B. H. Raven (1959) bases of power typology and its expansion into a Power/Interaction Model of Interpersonal Influence. Some empirical studies which were stimulated by this model are reviewed here. A case for additional research using case study and historical methods is then made. Such nonquantitative examinations of ongoing interaction can help to establish external validity of the model and method. By examining longer-term on-going interaction, we can also gain insight into more complex social power strategies that cannot be observed in questionnaires or short-term, experimental laboratory situations. The analyses offered allow us to see more clearly how framing the social influence strategy can contribute to the process. An attempt to understand how religions can function as mechanisms of social control is described. The author presents a very preliminary example of how the Power/Interaction model can be helpful in understa nding the power influence of religion, as well as understanding the tensions that may develop between religious authorities and religious adherents. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved) zitiert von 71
2000
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(2000): Ehre als Idee, Ideal oder Phantom. Bermerkungen zum Ehrenkodex in amerikanischen und deutschen Schulen. In: Padagogische Rundschau 54 (4), S. 339-376
Abstract: Dieser Beitrag beschaftigt sich mit dem Ehrbegriff und dem Ehrgefuhl in der philosophischen Theorie und in der Dichtung sowie der Bedeutung des Ehrbegriffs und der Aufstellung von Ehrenkodizes im Erziehungsbereich. Der Autor fuhrt dabei insbesondere eigene Erfahrungsbeispiele aus seiner Lehrtatigkeit an amerikanischen Hochschulen an, an denen sogenannte "honor codes" lange Tradition haben, die auf religiosen und militarischen Wurzeln sowie auf den Vorstellungen eines "Geistesadels" beruhen. Es werden Ehrenkodizes und Beispiele fur Sanktionen bei Verstossen aus verschiedenen amerikanischen Universitaten vorgestellt. In Deutschland dagegen spielten Ehrenkodizes vor allem in Erziehungseinrichtungen aus der Bewegung der Landerziehungsheime in den 20er Jahren des 20. Jahrhunderts eine Rolle. Wiederbelebungsversuche derartiger Ideale in gegenwartigen Bildungseinrichtungen in Deutschland scheinen auf wenig Akzeptanz zu stossen. (DIPF/Kr.)
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(2000): The effects of self-regulation training on the social executive competence for children with learning disabilities. In: JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH 44
Abstract: Social competence of children with disabilities plays an important role in making good interactions with other children as well as family members. Major interventions on social involvement activities for children with learning disabilities are mostly about social control and cooperative competence. A self-regulation training on this study was developed to enhance these competence and was applied to children with learning disabilities to determine its effects. This study employed subjects who were lacking in social competence and who were enrolled in special classes in the elementary school. Major findings of this research are that the mean social involvement time on subjects is increased and that their abilities on social control and cooperation is enhanced. The self-regulation training shows its effects on increasing, maintaining and generalizing social control and cooperative competence.The presentation will describe the contents and procedures of the self-regulation training as well as implications of the research results.
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Perrig, Walter J.; Grob, Alexander (Hg.) (2000): Control of human behavior, mental processes, and consciousness. Essays in honor of the 60th birthday of August Flammer.. Hove, UK: Psychology Press
Keywords: social control -
(2000): Helfen, Strafen, Überwachen. Begriff und Praxis sozialer Kontrolle. In: Gruppe. Interaktion. Organisation. Zeitschrift für Angewandte Organisationspsychologie (GIO) 31 (1), S. 31-41. DOI: 10.1007/s11612-000-0003-6
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11612-000-0003-6 Abstract: Gegenwärtig sind Tendenzen zur Vorverlagerung sozialer Kontrolle und zur Delegation sozialer Kontrolle „nach unten“ zu erkennen. Bei der Vorverlagerungstendenz ist eine „Kriminalisierungsvariante“ von einer „Hilfevariante“ zu unterscheiden. Die Kriminalisierungsvariante entspricht verbreiteten Dispositionen der Bevölkerung und steht im Einklang mit Herrschaftsinteressen. Die Hilfevariante entspricht modernen Anforderungen an Individuen, entscheiden zu können. Die Fähigkeit, diesen Anforderungen genügen zu können, und die mit ihnen verbundene Delegation sozialer Kontrolle nach unten begründen jedoch keine individuelle Autonomie. zitiert von 5