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  • 2013

  • Goggins, Sean P.; Valetto, Giuseppe; Mascaro, Christopher; Blincoe, Kelly (2013): Creating a model of the dynamics of socio-technical groups. In: User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction 23 (4), S. 345-379. DOI: 10.1007/s11257-012-9122-3

    Abstract: Individuals participating in technologically mediated forms of organization often have difficulty recognizing when groups emerge, and how the groups they take part in evolve. This paper contributes an analytical framework that improves awareness of these virtual group dynamics through analysis of electronic trace data from tasks and interactions carried out by individuals in systems not explicitly designed for context adaptivity, user modeling or user personalization. We discuss two distinct cases to which we have applied our analytical framework. These two cases provide a useful contrast of two prevalent ways for analyzing social relations starting from electronic trace data: either artifact-mediated or direct person-to-person interactions. Our case study integrates electronic trace data analysis with analysis of other, triangulating data specific to each application. We show how our techniques fit in a general model of group informatics, which can serve to construct group context, and be leveraged by future tool development aimed at augmenting context adaptivity with group context and a social dimension. We describe our methods, data management strategies and technical architecture to support the analysis of individual user task context, increased awareness of group membership, and an integrated view of social, information and coordination contexts.

    Keywords: Activity awareness, adaptivity, Communities of practice, Computerwissenschaft, Group awareness, Gruppenverhalten / Joint Action, Informations- & Kommunikationstechnik, Mensch-Technik-Relationen (MTR), Networks of practice, Realtechnik, Social Simulation, Task context, Technik, Virtual groups
  • Strijbos, Derek W.; Bruin, Leon C. de (2013): Universal belief-desire psychology?. A dilemma for theory theory and simulation theory. In: Philosophical Psychology 26 (5), S. 744-764. DOI: 10.1080/09515089.2012.711034

    Abstract: In this article we take issue with theory theory and simulation theory accounts of folk psychology committed to (i) the belief-desire (BD) model and (ii) the assumption of universality (AU). Recent studies cast doubt on the compatibility of these commitments because they reveal considerable cross-cultural differences in folk psychologies. We present both theory theory and simulation theory with the following dilemma: either (i) keep the BD-model as an account of the surface properties of specific explicit folk psychologies and give up AU in light of the cross-cultural evidence; or (ii) defend AU with respect to core capacities underlying different culture-specific folk psychologies, and explain why the BD-model will be genuinely explanatory at this level.

    Keywords: BD, belief-desire, belief-desire (BD), belief-desire model, Belief-Desire Psychology, Cross-Cultural Differences, Folk Psychology, Simulation Theory, Theory Theory, cross-cultural, Disziplin, folk psychology, Kultur, kulturspezifisch, Kulturtheorie, Psychologie, Social Simulation, universal human tendencies

  • 2010

  • Gershenson, Carlos (2010): Artificial societies of intelligent agents. Virtual experiments of individual and social behavior. Saarbrücken: Lambert Academic Publishing

    Abstract: In this book we use artificial societies to understand and simulate adaptive behaviour and social processes. We obtain this in three parallel ways: First, we present a behaviours production system capable of reproducing a high number of properties of adaptive behaviour and of exhibiting emergent lower cognition. Second, we introduce a simple model for social action, obtaining emergent complex social processes from simple interactions of imitation and induction of behaviours in agents. And third, we present our approximation to a behaviours virtual laboratory, integrating our behaviours production system and our social action model in virtual animats. Before presenting our proposals, we make an introduction to artificial intelligence and behaviour-based systems, and also we give notions of complex systems and artificial societies. Finally, we discuss about the role of adaptive behaviour for understanding cognition and its evolution.

    Keywords: Artificial society, behaviour, Cognition, collective misbelief, engeneering, Favoriten, Gruppenverhalten / Joint Action, imitation of behaviour, intelligent agents, Kognitionswissenschaft/Social Sciences/Humanities, komplexe Systeme, Künstliche Intelligenz, Mensch-Technik-Relationen (MTR), Modelle/Theorien, Realtechnik, Reflexionen über MTR, social emergence, Social Simulation, Soziosensitive Systeme, Technik, Technikphilosophie
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