Alle Publikationen
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2018
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(2018) : Care Robot Transparency Isn’t Enough for Trust: 2018 IEEE Region Ten Symposium (Tensymp): Sydney, Australia: IEEE, S. 293-297
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TENCONSpring.2018.8692047 Abstract: A recent study featuring a new kind of care robot indicated that participants expect a robot’s ethical decision-making to be transparent to develop trust, even though the same type of ‘inspection of thoughts’ isn’t expected of a human carer. At first glance, this might suggest that robot transparency mechanisms are required for users to develop trust in robot-made ethical decisions. But the participants were found to desire transparency only when they didn’t know the specifics of a human-robot social interaction. Humans trust others without observing their thoughts, which implies other means of determining trustworthiness. The study reported here suggests that the method is social interaction and observation, signifying that trust is a social construct. Moreover, that ‘social determinants of trust’ are the transparent elements. This socially determined behaviour draws on notions of virtue ethics. If a caregiver (nurse or robot) consistently provides good, ethical care, then patients can trust that caregiver to do so often. The same social determinants may apply to care robots and thus it ought to be possible to trust them without the ability to see their thoughts. This study suggests why transparency mechanisms may not be effective in helping to develop trust in care robot ethical decision-making. It suggests that roboticists need to build sociable elements into care robots to help patients to develop patient trust in the care robot’s ethical decision-making.
Keywords: care robot ethical decision-making, care robot transparency, Decision Making, ethical aspects, healthcare robotics, Human robot interaction, human-robot interaction, human-robot social interaction, ieee xplore, machine transparency, medical robotics, Moral & Ethik, Patient Care, patient trust, Robot Ethics, robot-made ethical decisions, socially determined behaviour 2017
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(2017) : An intervening ethical governor for a robot mediator in patient-caregiver relationship: Implementation and evaluation: 2017 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA): Marina Bay Sands, Singapore: IEEE Robotics & Automation Society, S. 2936-2942
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ICRA.2017.7989340 Abstract: A robot mediator can enhance the quality of patient care in a health care context. Patients with Parkinson’s disease can experience difficulties in precisely expressing their emotions due to the loss of control of their facial musculature, leading to their stigmatization by caregivers. To remedy this challenge, a robot mediator can be inserted into a patient-caregiver relationship. In this context, it is essential to handle the ethical issues of neglect to ensure human dignity. In an earlier paper [19], we proposed an intervening ethical governor (IEG) model, which enables a robot to ethically intervene in a situation where patients or caregivers go across accepted ethical boundaries. In this paper, we show how the IEG model can be implemented and applied in a real robotics system. In addition, by conducting interviews with the target population (adults 60 years of age or older), we evaluate the current intervention rules in the model, discuss potential improvements to the model, and consider uses of the model in real clinical contexts.
Keywords: Diseases, ethical aspects, ethical boundaries, ethical governor, facial musculature, Health Care, health care context, human dignity, ieee xplore, IEG model, intervening ethical governor model, Interviews, medical robotics, Medical services, Monitoring, Moral & Ethik, Parkinson disease, Patient Care, patient-caregiver relationship, real clinical contexts, real robotics system, robot mediator, Sensors, service robot, Stigmatization, Videos 2014
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(2014) : Aspects of Socially Assistive Robots Design for Dementia Care: 2014 IEEE 27th International Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems: New York, NY: IEEE, S. 396-400
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/CBMS.2014.16 Abstract: Increasing prevalence of dementia matched with higher demand on healthcare services poses a challenge to society. The use of innovative technologies such as robotics has been identified as one of the solutions to this predicament. The design of Socially Assistive Robots (SAR) is a multidisciplinary field that needs to incorporate the diverse requirements of people with dementia and their carers. This paper attempts to identify important considerations for the successful design of SARs and to categorize them. A taxonomy of SAR’s features is proposed, best practice design approaches, technology acceptance and ethical issues are examined. Recommendations for future areas of research are outlined.
Keywords: Dementia, dementia care, ethical aspects, ethical issues, health care services, ieee xplore, inclusive design, medical robotics, Moral & Ethik, Patient Care, roboethics, Robot sensing systems, Robotics, SAR, Senior citizens, service robot, Socially Assistive Robot (SAR), socially assistive robot design, taxonomy, technology acceptance 2012
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(2012) : A complementing approach for identifying ethical issues in care robotics - grounding ethics in practical use: 2012 IEEE RO-MAN: The 21st IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication: Paris, France: IEEE, S. 797-802
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ROMAN.2012.6343849 Abstract: We use a long-term study of a robotic eating-aid for disabled users to illustrate how empirical use give rise to a set of ethical issues that might be overlooked in ethic discussions based on theoretical extrapolation of the current state-of-the-art in robotics. This approach provides an important complement to the existing robot ethics by revealing new issues as well as providing actionable guidance for current and future robot design. We discuss our material in relation to the literature on robot ethics, specifically the risk of robots performing care taking tasks and thus causing increased isolation for care recipients. Our data identifies a different set of ethical issues such as independence, privacy, and identity where robotics, if carefully designed and developed, can make positive contributions.
Keywords: actionable guidance, care robotics, Cleaning, Data privacy, ethic discussions, ethical aspects, ethical issue identification, Ethics, extrapolation, Feeds, grounding ethics, handicapped aids, human-robot interaction, Humans, identity issue, ieee xplore, independence issue, Moral & Ethik, Patient Care, privacy issue, robot design, Robot sensing systems, robotic eating-aid, Senior citizens, theoretical extrapolation 2008
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(2008): Etiquette-based medicine. In: The New England journal of medicine 358 (19), S. 1988-1989. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMp0801863
DOI: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18463374 Abstract: Patients ideally deserve to have a compassionate doctor, but might they be satisfied with one who is simply well-behaved? When I hear patients complain about doctors, their criticism often has nothing to do with not feeling understood or empathized with. Instead, they object that “he just stared at his computer screen,” “she never smiles,” or “I had no idea who I was talking to.” During my own recent hospitalization, I found the Old World manners of my European-born surgeon — and my reaction to them — revealing in this regard. Whatever he might actually have been feeling, his behavior — dress, manners, body language, eye contact — was impeccable. I wasn't left thinking, “What compassion.” Instead, I found myself thinking, “What a professional,” and even (unexpectedly), “What a gentleman.” The impression he made was remarkably calming, and it helped to confirm my suspicion that patients may care less about whether their doctors are reflective and empathic than whether they are respectful and attentive.
Keywords: Disziplin, Education, Medical/methods, Etikette, Etiquette, Fachetiketten, Favoriten, Humans, Medizin, Observablen/Kriterien für sozial angemessenes Verhalten und dessen Bewertung, Patient Care, Physician-Patient Relations, Professional Competence, Rolle (Beruf), Soziale Angemessenheit, Zugeschriebene Kompetenz
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