Alle Publikationen
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2017
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(2017): Cultural evolutionary theory. How culture evolves and why it matters. In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, S. 7782-7789. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1620732114
DOI: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28739941 Abstract: Human cultural traits-behaviors, ideas, and technologies that can be learned from other individuals-can exhibit complex patterns of transmission and evolution, and researchers have developed theoretical models, both verbal and mathematical, to facilitate our understanding of these patterns. Many of the first quantitative models of cultural evolution were modified from existing concepts in theoretical population genetics because cultural evolution has many parallels with, as well as clear differences from, genetic evolution. Furthermore, cultural and genetic evolution can interact with one another and influence both transmission and selection. This interaction requires theoretical treatments of gene-culture coevolution and dual inheritance, in addition to purely cultural evolution. In addition, cultural evolutionary theory is a natural component of studies in demography, human ecology, and many other disciplines. Here, we review the core concepts in cultural evolutionary theory as they pertain to the extension of biology through culture, focusing on cultural evolutionary applications in population genetics, ecology, and demography. For each of these disciplines, we review the theoretical literature and highlight relevant empirical studies. We also discuss the societal implications of the study of cultural evolution and of the interactions of humans with one another and with their environment. zitiert von 13
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(2017) : Culture, Brain, and Behavior In: Tibayrenc, Michel; Ayala, Francisco José (Hg.): On human nature: Biology, psychology, ethics, politics, and religion: Amsterdam; Boston; Heidelberg; London; New York; Oxford; Paris; San Diego; San Francisco; Singapore; Sydney; Tokio: Academic Press an imprint of Elsevier, S. 579-597
Abstract: This chapter discusses the reciprocal development of genes, brain, and culture in shaping significant aspects of social and political behavior. The interaction between biology and culture is mutually reciprocal and intertwined. Processes of neural plasticity allow cultural practices to inform brain development in a profoundly social context just as human imagination and invention can shift cultural practices over time. This chapter outlines work that has examined these interconnections and ways in which future research might study developmental effects to enlighten our understanding of important social and political phenomena, including the emergence and manifestation of mental illness and political polarization.
2015
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(2015): Genetics of social behavior
Abstract: Discusses theoretical assumptions underlying the research of genetic influences on social behavior. The authors argue that the vast majority of traits and conditions that show genetic influences are not hard-wired, genetically determined, or innate. Most genetically influenced conditions involve genetic variants, and these may be expressed differently depending on influences from other variants, environmental circumstances, and whether the individual has control over those circumstances. Experiments typically assign participants to artificially constructed laboratory situations under the assumption that it does not matter who is placed where because on average everyone will respond the same way in any given situation. Studies are now being redesigned with the recognition that individuals may exert considerable control over whether and how a situation develops at all, as well as how it turns out. It is often incorrectly assumed that genetic and environmental influence act independently of each other. Because individuals almost always have some control, conscious or not, over the environments they experience, G x E and gene-environment correlation (rGE) will generally be linked at least to some degree. zitiert von 1
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