Alle Publikationen

Erweiterte Suche öffnen

Treffer: 2

2016
Koppula, Hema S.; Saxena, Ashutosh (2016): Anticipating Human Activities Using Object Affordances for Reactive Robotic Response. In: IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence 38 (1), S. 14-29. DOI: 10.1109/TPAMI.2015.2430335

DOI: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26656575

Abstract: An important aspect of human perception is anticipation, which we use extensively in our day-to-day activities when interacting with other humans as well as with our surroundings. Anticipating which activities will a human do next (and how) can enable an assistive robot to plan ahead for reactive responses. Furthermore, anticipation can even improve the detection accuracy of past activities. The challenge, however, is two-fold: We need to capture the rich context for modeling the activities and object affordances, and we need to anticipate the distribution over a large space of future human activities. In this work, we represent each possible future using an anticipatory temporal conditional random field (ATCRF) that models the rich spatial-temporal relations through object affordances. We then consider each ATCRF as a particle and represent the distribution over the potential futures using a set of particles. In extensive evaluation on CAD-120 human activity RGB-D dataset, we first show that anticipation improves the state-of-the-art detection results. We then show that for new subjects (not seen in the training set), we obtain an activity anticipation accuracy (defined as whether one of top three predictions actually happened) of 84.1, 74.4 and 62.2 percent for an anticipation time of 1, 3 and 10 seconds respectively. Finally, we also show a robot using our algorithm for performing a few reactive responses.

Keywords: Affordance, affordances, Affordanz, Algorithms, Aniticipation, Human Activities, Humans, Imaging, Intentionserkennung (Roboter erkennt Menschenintention), J. J. Gibson's theory of affordance, machine learning, MODELS, Movement, PERCEPTION, Psychological, Robotics, Soziosensitive Systeme, Soziosensitivität, Statistical, Three-Dimensional, Video Recording
2013
Were, Graeme (2013): On the materials of mats. Thinking through design in a Melanesian society. In: Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 19 (3), S. 581-599. DOI: 10.1111/1467-9655.12051

Abstract: This article examines the selective use of plant materials in design in Melanesia. It explores - through an analysis of pandanus leaf mats in New Ireland, Papua New Guinea - how makers select fibres on the basis of their capacity to express social relations to varying temporalities before their natural decay. J.J. Gibson's theory of affordance and Donald Norman's concept of mapping are critically applied for this purpose. This approach emphasizes how social and temporal relations are condensed into objects, and refocuses anthropological attention towards materials and their affordances in the production of material culture.

Keywords: Auswahl der Herstellungsmaterialien, Design, Donald Norman's concept of mapping, Entsprechung von Objekt-Lebensdauer und Dauer sozialer Beziehungen, J. J. Gibson's theory of affordance, Lebensdauer von Materialien, Lebensdauer von Objekten in Entsprechung zur Dauer von Beziehungen, Materielle Kultur, unterschiedlich langlebige Pflanzenfasern, Verbindung von social relations und Objekten, Zeit, Zwischenmenschliche Beziehungen / Social Interaction

2016

2013

poliTE