Alle Publikationen
2016
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(2016): Good manners. Signaling social preferences. In: Theory and Decision 81 (1), S. 73-88. DOI: 10.1007/s11238-015-9527-7
Abstract: Certain messages, even when not directly payoff relevant, can be a credible form of communication in light of natural social preferences. Social image concerns and other-regarding preferences interact to create incentives to communicate about how one feels about other people. Recognizing the prevalence of the incentive to communicate about one's social preferences suggests that many social and economic phenomena-from norms of etiquette to cooperation to gift exchange-should be seen, in part, as forms of signaling. These behaviors may be surprisingly robust to material costs, yet sensitive to context.
Keywords: altruistische Handlungen, Disziplin, economics, Favoriten, Good manners, Kosten-Nutzen, manners, Modelle/Theorien, Observablen/Kriterien für sozial angemessenes Verhalten und dessen Bewertung, Preferences, Signaling social preferences/ Social signal processing, Soziale Angemessenheit, Umgangsformen -
(2016): Intergenerational Fairness and the Crowding Out Effects of Well-Intended Environmental Policies. In: Journal of Management Studies 53 (5), S. 878-910. DOI: 10.1111/joms.12202
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/joms.12202 Abstract: Sustainability involves the drive to ensure intergenerational fairness. However, the results of actions taken to achieve sustainability often lie far into the future and efforts to promote the welfare of distant generations may or may not ultimately be successful. While both governmental policies and entrepreneurial innovation have been cited as being indispensable to the achievement of sustainability, the manner in which they co‐exist and interact over very long periods of time remains unclear. Using a computational model spanning more than two centuries, this study asks: Do well‐intended environmental policies facilitate or inhibit environmental entrepreneurship? By simultaneously considering both the ethical and economic consequences of efforts to arrest environmental degradation, our study answers the call to develop multi‐disciplinary perspectives and integrative frameworks when addressing the challenges of sustainable existence. Contrary to widely held perceptions, our findings suggest that policy actions may, in the long run, result in less intergenerational fairness by crowding out environmentally desirable innovations and organizations. Our examination of the long‐term interactions between policies and markets offers insights and opportunities for scholars, entrepreneurs, environmentalists, ethicists and policymakers to develop solutions that preserve and extend the essential contributions of both policy actions and entrepreneurial innovations. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
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(2016): “How” questions and the manner–method distinction. In: Synthese 193 (10), S. 3169-3194. DOI: 10.1007/s11229-015-0924-9
Abstract: How questions are understudied in philosophy and linguistics. They can be answered in very different ways, some of which are poorly understood. Jaworski (Synthese 166: 133-155, 2009) identifies several types: (i) 'manner', (ii) 'method, means or mechanism', (iii) 'cognitive resolution', and develops a logic designed to enable us to distinguish among them. Some key questions remain open, however, in particular, whether these distinctions derive from an ambiguity in how, from differences in the logical structure of the question or from contextual underspecification. Arguing from two classes of responses, adverbs and by gerunds, I give the answer that the logical structure of the question is indeed relevant: loosely, manners are adjuncts but methods are arguments.
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(2016): Table manners. How to behave in the modern world and why bother. First edition. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux
Abstract: "An authoritative and witty guide to modern table manners for all occasions by one of the world's most acclaimed chefs and restaurateurs Table Manners is an entertaining and practical guide to manners for everyone and every occasion. Whether you are a guest at a potluck or the host of a dinner party, a patron of your local bar or an invitee at a state dinner, this book tells you exactly how to behave: what to talk about, what to wear, how to eat. Jeremiah Tower has advice on everything: food allergies, RSVPs, iPhones, running late, thank-yous, restaurant etiquette, even what to do when you are served something disgusting. With whimsical line drawings throughout, this is "Strunk and White" for the table"--
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(2016): Principles, Virtues, or Detachment?. Some Appreciative Reflections on Karen Stohr’s On Manners. In: Dao 15 (2), S. 227-239. DOI: 10.1007/s11712-016-9489-7
Abstract: Karen Stohr’s book On Manners argues persuasively that rules of etiquette, though conventional, play an essential moral role, because they “serve as vehicles through which we express important moral values like respect and consideration for the needs, ideas, and opinions of others” (Stohr 2012: 3–4). Stohr frequently invokes Kantian concepts and principles in order to make her point. In Part 2 of this essay, I shall argue that the significance of etiquette is better understood using a virtue ethics framework, like that of Confucianism, rather than the language of Kantianism. Within the Chinese tradition, Daoists have frequently been critics of Confucian ritualism. Consequently, in Part 3, I shall consider some possible Daoist critiques of Stohr’s work.
2015
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(2015): Verecundia, risa y decoro. Cicerón y el arte de insultar. In: Isegoría (53), S. 445-473. DOI: 10.3989/isegoria.2015.053.01
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3989/isegoria.2015.053.01 Abstract: Sobre la risa puede hablarse de muchas maneras; cabe, por ejemplo, una aproximación fisiológica, otra psicológica o una tercera sociológica, que los antiguos no desatendieron por completo, si bien Cicerón prefirió investigar sus posibilidades retóricas. A nadie se le oculta la relevancia de chanzas y chistes para disponer a la audiencia de manera favorable o para ridiculizar al adversario; tampoco que esta estrategia, a despecho de su efectividad y por la misma, puede sobrepasar los límites de lo aceptable o de lo provechoso. Cuestión tanto más grave cuanto que el orador puede y debe reírse de asuntos que, considerados en sí mismos, carecen de gracia. La retórica ciceroniana de la risa plantea y desemboca en una ética y una táctica del humor atenta al estudio y posible codificación de los principios rectores de tan poderoso recurso, que debe utilizarse de manera conveniente, adecuada y decorosa (pues de todas estas formas puede traducirse la palabra griega prépon y la latina decorum), lo cual presupone que no siempre es así y, por lo que interesa en estas páginas, que hay risas indebidas, próximas al vituperio, que pueden acarrear dificultades a quien las provoca, pues siempre es peligroso reírse de los poderosos. Cicerón, sin duda, era un individuo que insultaba mucho, con ingenio, gracia y en ocasiones con extraordinaria agresividad.~~~
2014
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(2014): Good manners for nice people. Who sometimes say f*ck. First edition. New York: St. Martins Griffin
Abstract: We live in a world that's very different from the one in which Emily Post came of age. Many of us who are nice (but who also sometimes say "(f*ck)" are frequently at a loss for guidelines about how to be a good person who deals effectively with the increasing onslaught of rudeness we all encounter. To lead us out of the miasma of modern mannerlessness, science based and bitingly funny syndicated advice columnist Amy Alkon rips the doily off the manners genre and gives us a new set of rules for our twenty first century lives. With wit, style, and a dash of snark, Alkon explains that we now live in societies too big for our brains, lacking the constraints on bad behavior that we had in the small bands we evolved in. Alkon shows us how we can reimpose those constraints, how we can avoid being one of the rude, and how to stand up to those who are. Foregoing prissy advice on which utensil to use, Alkon answers the twenty first century's most burning questions about manners.
Keywords: Courtesy, Disziplin, Etiquette, Good manners, manners, Populärwissenschaft, Ratgeber, Soziale Angemessenheit -
(2014): The gentlemen's book of etiquette and manual of politeness. London: Hesperus Classics
Abstract: From advice on how to treat ladies, how to behave at a party, and rules for traveling abroad, this handy 19th-century guidebook will provide entertaining nuggets of wisdom. Ever wondered what to do in polite society if you find an insect in your food? Or how a gentleman should ask a lady to dance? And what on earth is the etiquette for smoking cigars? First published in 1860, this classic guide to gentlemanly behavior is a veritable mine of information and indispensable advice for aspiring gentlemen. No matter if a man finds himself at home, in the street, or in a place of amusement, he has but to leaf through this book to learn how best to behave, and indeed how not to behave. And if he can find time between his numerous invitations to balls and hunting parties, he could benefit from a perusal of the sections on gentlemanly deportment and conversational technique. Not forgetting, of course, the all-important advice on how to treat ladies, surely an integral part of any true gentleman's training.
Keywords: Etiquette for men, Gestik/Mimik, Good manners, Historiographie, History of manners, Kultur, manners, REFERENCE, Regelwerke, Rollen, Selbstdisziplin/-kontrolle, Situationsbedingter Kontext, Soziale Angemessenheit, Soziale Klasse / Schicht, Sozialer Raum / Kultureller Kontext, Sprachgebrauch, Umgangsformen, Werte -
(2014): Subclinical Bias, Manners, and Moral Harm. In: Hypatia 29 (2), S. 287-302. DOI: 10.1111/hypa.12026
Abstract: Mundane and often subtle forms of bias generate harms that can be fruitfully understood as akin to the harms evident in rudeness. Although subclinical expressions of bias are not mere rudeness, like rudeness they often manifest through the breach of mannerly norms for social cooperation and collaboration. At a basic level, the perceived harm of mundane forms of bias often has much to do with feeling oneself unjustly or arbitrarily cut out of a group, a group that cooperates and collaborates but does not do so with me. Appealing to the subtle but familiar choreography of mannered social interaction, I argue, makes it easier to recognize how exclusion can be accomplished through slight but symbolically significant gestures and styles of interaction, where bias manifests not in announced hostility but in an absence of the cooperation and collaboration upon which we rely socially.
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(2014): Signore e signori d'Italia. Una storia delle buone maniere. In: Journal of Modern Italian Studies 19 (5), S. 686-688. DOI: 10.1080/1354571X.2014.962264
Abstract: “A tavola signori si diventa. Fingere di essere lì per fini diversi da quelli del nutrirsi” I galatei sono lo specchio di come una società vorrebbe essere. Sono trattati di buone maniere che mostrano per lo più rigidità negli schemi e nelle regole. Nella struttura seguono il ciclo di vita, dal battesimo al funerale, distinguono tra sfera pubblica e privata, prestano attenzione soprattutto ai momenti di interazione tra i diversi attori sociali, prescrivono sempre norme dettagliate sul corpo, sulla conversazione, sul modo di comportarsi in pubblico e in privato, sull’organizzazione dello spazio. I protagonisti ricorrenti sono i medesimi, il vero signore, la vera signora, la signorina. Possono mutare i contesti, aggiungersi personaggi nuovi, ma norme e modelli paiono congelati nel tempo. In Italia si sono succedute tuttavia varie fasi per questi manuali: dall’Unità d’Italia al fascismo è l’epoca in cui si introducono tutti i temi canonici delle buone maniere, per una borghesia in ascesa; nell’epoca fascista il regime cerca di apparire quale artefice di un grande rinnovamento degli stili di vita; nel secondo dopoguerra e negli anni sessanta con il boom economico la società di massa influenza anche le norme di comportamento; nel passaggio dagli anni settanta agli ottanta i galatei mutano in manuali di sopravvivenza, in “contro galatei”; infine ai giorni nostri ci si domanda se essi esistano ancora, quale forma assumano, che ruolo abbiano.
2013
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Hojjat, Mahzad (2013): Positive psychology of love. Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press ([Series in positive pychology])
Abstract: In this chapter, we focus on friendships because the bounty of research to date has emphasized romantic relationships, and we wanted to bring some new information to this body of work. More specifically, we emphasize the manner in which people retain satisfaction from their ongoing relationships through the use of what has become known as 'relational maintenance strategies.' In a word, we argue that strategic use of maintenance strategies increases partners' relational quality, which in turn affects one's happiness. The following sections elaborate on this position. We first discuss the link between personal happiness and ongoing personal relationships. We then develop how relational maintenance strategies support important and fundamental relational characteristics, such as satisfaction. Finally, we explain how assessments of fairness affect the link between maintenance strategy and relational quality. Here we rely on equity theory as a conceptual framework that explains how people in Western cultures assess fair treatment and how such assessments of fairness operate in close relationships to affect the use of maintenance strategies (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved)
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(2013): McGahern, Austen, and the Aesthetics of Good Manners. In: Essays in Criticism 63 (2), S. 203-222. DOI: 10.1093/escrit/cgt007
Abstract: "Now her only interruptions were rare telephone calls – and when her reading brought her face to face with some affection or sharp memory. ‘She had done more than she wanted to, less than she ought.’ She found herself repeating the sentence long after she had closed the book, seeing elements of her own life and people she knew reflected in it, elements of that life seen and given a moral sweetness that was close to smiling." MRS WALDRON in ‘Creatures of the Earth’ is quoting – misquoting, in fact – from chapter 20 of Jane Austen's Emma. Austen was one of the authors whom John McGahern most admired. He had been reading and rereading her novels from an early age,2 and they remained an important part of his literary imagination until the very end of his life. (McGahern brought only one book with him during his final stay in the Mater Hospital in Dublin, where he died in late March 2006, and that book was Mansfield Park.3) Yet the two writers are rarely connected in the minds of his readers, and the possibility that he may have assimilated aspects of her work in writing his own novels and stories has not been pursued in a systematic way by critics.
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(2013): Samuel R. Wells's How to behave. The classic pocket manual of good manners & model behavior. Avon, Mass.: Adams Media
Abstract: A modern guide to the timeless rules of good behavior In the years since its publication in the late nineteenth century, How to Behave has taught thousands of men and women how to build a strong, noble character and demonstrate model behavior in any situation. Now, in this updated edition of Samuel R. Wells's classic work, you, too, can manifest the traits and manners characteristic of a simpler era. At the heart of Wells's timeless tips, you'll find that a true lady or gentleman must always have a sincere regard for others, good taste, and an excellent sense of self-command.
2012
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(2012): The intersection of justice and leadership. Testing a moderation model of contingent reward and interpersonal fairness. In: European Management Journal 30 (6), S. 490-498. DOI: 10.1016/j.emj.2012.03.003
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2012.03.003 Abstract: Previous studies show the positive impact of contingent reward on satisfaction, but few have examined moderators of this effect. We theorized that interpersonal fairness—treating people with dignity and respect—moderates the contingent reward effect because it creates the situation in which followers can positively engage with contingent reward efforts from their leaders. We therefore examined how interpersonal fairness moderates the contingent reward effect, finding that the positive impact of contingent rewards is stronger as interpersonal fairness increases. The implication of the finding is that using contingent rewards may only be effective when implemented in a polite, respectful manner represented by interpersonal fairness. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
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(2012) : From good manners to facework. Politeness variations and constants in France, from the classic age to today In: Bax, Marcel; Kádár, Dániel Z. (Hg.): Understanding historical (im)politeness: Relational linguistic practice over time and across cultures, 41: Amsterdam: John Benjamins Pub. Co (Benjamins Current Topics), S. 131-153
Abstract: Forms and conceptions of politeness vary noticeably from one society to another, and also, within a given society, from one age to another. However, it can be assumed that the treatment of politeness phenomena in terms of “facework” as advocated by Brown and Levinson (1978, 1987) might help us to shed some light on both cultural variations and diachronic variations in politeness behaviour. This assumption is tested by considering the question of “good manners” in the French classic age as they are recorded in some prescriptive and literary writings. The study reveals that the profound logic that politeness obeys is the same in all eras. I take a special interest in the “double binds” we are confronted with in the exercise of politeness, looking at, for example, compliments as a ritual activity.
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(2012): On manners. New York: Routledge
Abstract: Many otherwise enlightened people often dismiss etiquette as a trivial subject or―worse yet―as nothing but a disguise for moral hypocrisy or unjust social hierarchies. Such sentiments either mistakenly assume that most manners merely frame the “real issues” of any interpersonal exchange or are the ugly vestiges of outdated, unfair social arrangements. But in On Manners, Karen Stohr turns the tables on these easy prejudices, demonstrating that the scope of manners is much broader than most people realize and that manners lead directly to the roots of enduring ethical questions. Stohr suggests that though manners are mostly conventional, they are nevertheless authoritative insofar as they are a primary means by which we express moral attitudes and commitments and carry out important moral goals. Drawing primarily on Aristotle and Kant and with references to a wide range of cultural examples―from Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice to Larry David’s Curb Your Enthusiasm―the author ultimately concludes that good manners are essential to moral character.
2010
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(2010): Being grateful is beyond good manners. Gratitude and motivation to contribute to society among early adolescents. In: Motivation and Emotion 34 (2), S. 144-157. DOI: 10.1007/s11031-010-9163-z
Abstract: Gratitude, a positive response to receiving a benefit, may contribute more to youth than just momentary happiness. It may ignite in youth a motivation for "upstream generativity" whereby its experience contributes to a desire to give back to their neighborhood, community, and world. We tested this notion by longitudinally examining early adolescents' gratitude and their social integration, or motivation to use their strengths to help others and feel connected to others at a macro level. Middle school students (N = 700) completed measures of gratitude, prosocial behavior, life satisfaction, and social integration at baseline (T1), 3-months (T2), and 6-months (T3) later. Using bootstrapping to examine multiple mediators, controlling for demographics and social integration at T1, we found that gratitude at T1 predicted social integration at T3 and that prosocial behavior and life satisfaction at T2 mediated the relation. Further mediational analyses showed that gratitude and social integration serially enhanced each other. This prospective evidence aligns well with the interpretation that gratitude may help to initiate upward spirals toward greater emotional and social well-being. Implications are discussed in terms of gratitude's role in positive youth development.
2009
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(2009): The Yardstick of Manners. In: Society 46 (4), S. 363-367. DOI: 10.1007/s12115-009-9223-8
Abstract: The interdependence of etiquette consumers and producers makes the contemporary etiquette guide a book of rules informed by realism rather than one etched from the behavior of the comfortable. While the acquisition of good manners facilitates comfort and mobility, the yardstick of behavior, like the measure of standard language, evolves with the times and thus is never a mere instrument of conformity.
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(2009): The Function of Decorum at the Present Time. Manners, Moral Language, and Modernity in ’an Oscar Wilde Play’. In: MODERN DRAMA 52 (2), S. 145-167
Abstract: In the distinctive, epigrammatic idiom of his society comedies, where dialogue is shaped by the formulae of conventional instructional maxims about what one should and shouldn't do, Oscar Wilde inverts and aestheticizes the assumed ethical basis of a code of conduct that relies on the language of decorum. His drama suggestively articulates a considerable degree of slippage between manners, on the one hand, and morals, on the other. This essay argues, in fact, that Wildean aphoristic speech playfully rewrites late-Victorian etiquette literature, exploiting the ironic distance between moral assumptions and a more formulaic reality.
Keywords: Beispiel, Code of conduct, decorum, humor, Kunst, Literaturwissenschaft, manners, Moral, Morals, Oscar Wilde, Regelwerke, Werte -
(2009): What is Fair. Three Perspectives. In: Journal of Business Ethics 84 (S1), S. 89-102. DOI: 10.1007/s10551-008-9683-6
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-008-9683-6 Abstract: Although words like 'fair' may have a common meaning, we cannot assume that people speak them or hear them in the same manner, or appreciate the impact of their implied interpretations and nuances. We describe three different perspectives–rational, emotional, and spiritual–which offer vastly different meanings of fairness. We also discuss the manner in which the different meanings they represent with respect to policies and practices are pursued by business interests within the American and international arenas. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
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(2009): Hume and the Question of Good Manners. In: Estetika: The Central European Journal of Aesthetics 46 (1), S. 29-48
Abstract: The question of manners is important in David Hume's examination of human nature primarily because of the weight he assigns to the so-called 'social virtues'. Man is, for Hume, a being that naturally tends to form societies, and the study of human nature is, after all, the study of human sociability, which finds its expression in manners. The present paper shows Hume as a participant in the seventeenth and eighteenth-century discussion about the concept of politeness, a concept which oscillated between the domain of manners and morals and the domain of art. The examination of Hume's ideal of polite manners illustrates the way his classicist taste pervaded the appreciation both of works of art and of social comportment.
2008
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(2008): SOMA. A method for developing service-oriented solutions. In: IBM Systems Journal 47 (3), S. 377-396. DOI: 10.1147/sj.473.0377
Abstract: Service-oriented modeling and architecture (SOMA) has been used to conduct projects of varying scope in multiple industries worldwide for the past five years. We report on the usage and structure of the method used to effectively analyze, design, implement, and deploy service-oriented architecture (SOA) projects as part of a fractal model of software development. We also assert that the construct of a service and service modeling, although introduced by SOA, is a software engineering best practice for which an SOA method aids both SOA usage and adoption. in this paper we present the latest updates to this method and share some of the lessons learned. The SOMA method incorporates the key aspects of overall SOA solution design and delivery and is integrated with existing software development methods through a set of placeholders for key activity areas, forming what we call solution templates. We also present a fractal model of software development that can enable the SOMA method to evolve in an approach that goes beyond the iterative and incremental and instead leverages method components and patterns in a recursive, self-similar manner opportunistically at points of variability in the life cycle.
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(2008): A handbook on good manners for children. De civilitate morum puerilium. London: Preface
Abstract: The first treatise in Western Europe on the moral and practical education of children was published in 1530 by an author who was outraged at the uncouth and undisciplined youth of his time. It is surprisingly relevant today!
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(2008): SERVICE-ORIENTED COMPUTING. A RESEARCH ROADMAP. In: International Journal of Cooperative Information Systems 17 (02), S. 223-255. DOI: 10.1142/S0218843008001816
Abstract: Service-Oriented Computing (SOC) is a new computing paradigm that utilizes services as the basic constructs to support the development of rapid, low-cost and easy composition of distributed applications even in heterogeneous environments. The promise of Service-Oriented Computing is a world of cooperating services where application components are assembled with little effort into a network of services that can be loosely coupled to create flexible dynamic business processes and agile applications that may span organizations and computing platforms. The subject of Service-Oriented Computing is vast and enormously complex, spanning many concepts and technologies that find their origins in diverse disciplines that are woven together in an intricate manner. In addition, there is a need to merge technology with an understanding of business processes and organizational structures, a combination of recognizing an enterprise's pain points and the potential solutions that can be applied to correct them. The material in research spans an immense and diverse spectrum of literature, in origin and in character. As a result research activities are very fragmented. This necessitates that a broader vision and perspective be established - one that permeates and transforms the fundamental requirements of complex applications that require the use of the Service-Oriented Computing paradigm. This paper provides a Service Oriented Computing Roadmap and places on-going research activities and projects in the broader context of this roadmap. This research roadmap launches four pivotal, inherently related, research themes to Service-Oriented Computing: service foundations, service composition, service management and monitoring and service-oriented engineering.
Keywords: Angepasstheit der Maschine an Nutzerbedürfnisse, Disziplin, Informations- & Kommunikationstechnik, Informationssysteme, Interaktionspartner, Landkarte, manners, Mensch oder Maschine, Mensch-Technik-Relationen (MTR), Realtechnik, service-oriented computing, Technik, Überblick, Wirtschaftsinformatik -
(2008): Internet Users' Information Privacy-Protective Responses. A Taxonomy and a Nomological Model. In: MIS Quarterly 32 (3), S. 503-529. DOI: 10.2307/25148854
Abstract: Although Internet users are expected to respond in various ways to privacy threats from online companies, little attention has been paid so far to the complex nature of how users respond to these threats. This paper has two specific goals in its effort to fill this gap in the literature. The first, so that these outcomes can be systematically investigated, is to develop a taxonomy of information privacy-protective responses (IPPR). This taxonomy consists of six types of behavioral responses-refusal, misrepresentation, removal, negative word-of-mouth, complaining directly to online companies, and complaining indirectly to third-party organizations-that are classified into three categories: information provision, private action, and public action. Our second goal is to develop a nomological model with several salient antecedents-concerns for information privacy, perceived justice, and societal benefits from complaining-of IPPR, and to show how the antecedents differentially affect the six types of IPPR. The nomological model is tested with data collected from 523 Internet users. The results indicate that some discernible patterns emerge in the relationships between the antecedents and the three groups of IPPR. These patterns enable researchers to better understand why a certain type of IPPR is similar to or distinct from other types of IPPR Such an understanding could enable researchers to analyze a variety of behavioral responses to information privacy threats in a fairly systematic manner. Overall, this paper contributes to researchers' theory-building efforts in the area of information privacy by breaking new ground for the study of individuals' responses to information privacy threats.
Keywords: Datenschutz, Datenschutz & Privatssphäre, digitale Ökonomie, Disziplin, Ethik, Im (wissenschaftlichen) Diskurs, manners, Mensch-Technik-Relationen (MTR), Öffentlicher vs. privater Raum, Online, Philosophie, Privacy and data, Privatsphäre, Reflexionen über MTR, social media, Soziale Angemessenheit, User, Wirtschaftsinformatik