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  • 2014

  • Sütterlin, Christa; Schiefenhövel, Wulf; Lehmann, Christian; Forster, Johanna; Apfelauer, Gerhard (2014): Art as behaviour – an ethological approach to visual and verbal art, music and architecture. In: Anthropologischer Anzeiger 71 (1), S. 3-13. DOI: 10.1127/0003-5548/2014/0371

    Abstract: In recent years, the fine arts, architecture, music and literature have increasingly been examined from the vantage point of human ethology and evolutionary psychology. In 2011 the authors formed the research group 'Ethology of the Arts' concentrating on the evolution and biology of perception and behaviour. These novel approaches aim at a better understanding of the various facets represented by the arts by taking into focus possible phylogenetic adaptations, which have shaped the artistic capacities of our ancestors. Rather than culture specificity, which is stressed e.g. by cultural anthropology and numerous other disciplines, universal human tendencies to perceive, feel, think and behave are postulated. Artistic expressive behaviour is understood as an integral part of the human condition, whether expressed in ritual, visual, verbal or musical art. The Ethology of the Arts-group's research focuses on visual and verbal art, music and built environment/architecture and is designed to contribute to the incipient interdisciplinarity in the field of evolutionary art research.

    Keywords: Aesthetics, architecture, built environment, Communication, culture specificity, Disziplin, Ethologie, Ethologie der Kunst, ethology of arts, Evolution, evolutionary musicology, human ethology, Kognitive Skills/Social Cognition, Kulturtheorie, Kunstgeschichte, lyrics, music, poetry, SEXUAL SELECTION, universal human tendencies, universals, urban ethology, visual arts, VOCAL EXPRESSION, Voraussetzungen für sozial angemessenes Verhalten, ZEBRA FINCHES

  • 2011

  • Tillmann, Barbara; Stevens, Catherine; Keller, Peter E. (2011): Learning of timing patterns and the development of temporal expectations. In: Psychological research 75 (3), S. 243-258. DOI: 10.1007/s00426-010-0302-7

    DOI: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20683612 

    Abstract: The present study investigated the learning of a culturally unfamiliar musical rhythm, leading to the development of temporal expectations, and it explored the potential for generalization across tempi and tasks. With that aim, we adapted the serial reaction time task to examine the learning of temporal structures by an indirect method. The temporal pattern employed was based on a complex interval ratio (2:3) and compared to one based on a simple interval ratio (1:2). In the exposure phase, non-musician participants performed a two-choice speeded discrimination task that required responding by key press to each event of the simple or complex auditory pattern. Participants were not informed about the temporal regularities; their task solely concerned the discrimination task. During exposure (Experiments 1-3), response times decreased over time for both temporal patterns, but particularly for the events following the longer interval of the more complex 2:3 pattern. Exposure further influenced performance in subsequent testing phases, notably the precision of tap timing in a production task (Experiment 2) and temporal expectations in a perception task (Experiment 3). Our findings promote the new paradigm introduced here as a method to investigate the learning of temporal structures. zitiert von 23

    Keywords: Adult, Analysis of Variance, Auditory Perception/physiology, Choice Behavior/physiology, Discrimination Learning/physiology, Humans, Lerntheorien, music, Reaction Time/physiology, Time Perception/physiology, timing

  • 2008

  • Hähnel, Tilo (2008): Auf der Suche nach der inneren Uhr. Musikalische, psychologische und neurologische Konzepte des Timings. Osnabrück: Electronic Publ (Osnabrücker Beiträge zur systematischen Musikwissenschaft)

    Abstract: Die wesentlichen Strömungen in der Erforschung von Phänomenen des Timing werden im Überblick dargestellt. Dabei werden musikalische, psychologische und neurologische Konzepte behandelt. Im Zentrum der Betrachtung stehen Fragen zur äußeren Wirkungsweise der "inneren Uhr", zur abstrakten Modellbildung der inneren Uhr, zur Verortung von Modellen im menschlichen Organismus und zur Wirkungsweise der inneren Uhr auf neurophysiologischer Grundlage. - Inhalt: (1) Einleitung. (2) Musikbezogene Untersuchungen (Timingphänomene; Timingmodelle). (3) Psychologische Timingmodelle (Timingphänomene; Timingmodelle). (4) Verortungen. (5) Zusammenfassung: Auf der Suche nach der inneren Uhr. (6) Anhang (Nerven und Informationsübertragung; Motorik: Reflexe und Bewegungsprogramme; Aufbau und Funktion des ZNS; motorische Zentren; auditiver Pfad).

    Keywords: Motor Processes, music, Musik, musikalische Bildung, neurophysiology, Neurowissenschaften, Rhythm, PSYCHOLOGY, Theories, time, time perception, timing, Zeit
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