Alle Publikationen
2012
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(2012) : Social head gaze and proxemics scaling for an affective robot used in victim management: IEEE International Symposium on Safety, Security, and Rescue Robotics (SSRR), 2012: 5 - 8 Nov. 2012, College Station, TX, USA: 2012 IEEE International Symposium on Safety, Security, and Rescue Robotics (SSRR): College Station, TX, USA: 11/5/2012 - 11/8/2012. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers; IEEE International Symposium on Safety, Security, and Rescue Robotics; Ssrr: Piscataway, NJ: IEEE, S. 1-2
Abstract: This paper evaluates the use of social head gaze and proxemic scaling in an affective robot for victim management using two large scale simulated Urban Search and Rescue (US&R) scenario studies.On average between four and ten hours pass from the time a victim is discovered to the time of extrication of the victims [2], [5]. During this time an urban search and rescue robot remains with the victim to monitor their condition and the environment. Throughout this critical period, it is important that the robot interacts with the victims in a socially appropriate way in order to reduce stress levels, keep the victims calm, at ease, positive, and engaged until assistance arrives while preventing a condition known as shock.
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Staff, IEEE (2012): 2012 IEEE Ro-Man. 2012 RO-MAN: The 21st IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication. Paris, France, 9/9/2012 - 9/13/2012. IEEE Staff. [Place of publication not identified]: IEEE
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(2012): Anticipatory stress interferes with utilitarian moral judgment. In: Judgment and Decision Making (Online Journal) 7 (1), S. 61-68
Abstract: A recent study indicates that acute stress affects moral decision making (Youssef et al., in press). The current study examines whether results can be replicated using a different kind of stressor and a different kind of stress measurement. 49 students aged between 20 and 38 years were assigned either to a stress group (N= 24) or a control group (N= 25). Stress group participants were told they would have three minutes to prepare to give a public speech; the control group participants were asked to think about their last vacation. Stress levels and stress responses were assessed with questionnaires and heart rate measures before and after the stress induction/control condition. All participants performed a moral decision-making task describing moral dilemmas. These dilemmas were either personal or impersonal and each offered a utilitarian and a nonutilitarian option. Acutely stressed participants, compared to control participants, made fewer utilitarian judgments and needed longer for making a decision. Individual physiological stress response was related to fewer utilitarian judgments. Results are in line with those previously found, although different instruments were used. zitiert von: 50
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(2012): When humanoid robots become human-like interaction partners: corepresentation of robotic actions. In: Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance 38 (5), S. 1073-1077. DOI: 10.1037/a0029493
DOI: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22866762 Abstract: In human-human interactions, corepresenting a partner's actions is crucial to successfully adjust and coordinate actions with others. Current research suggests that action corepresentation is restricted to interactions between human agents facilitating social interaction with conspecifics. In this study, we investigated whether action corepresentation, as measured by the social Simon effect (SSE), is present when we share a task with a real humanoid robot. Further, we tested whether the believed humanness of the robot's functional principle modulates the extent to which robotic actions are corepresented. We described the robot to participants either as functioning in a biologically inspired human-like way or in a purely deterministic machine-like manner. The SSE was present in the human-like but not in the machine-like robot condition. These findings suggest that humans corepresent the actions of nonbiological robotic agents when they start to attribute human-like cognitive processes to the robot. Our findings provide novel evidence for top-down modulation effects on action corepresentation in human-robot interaction situations.
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(2012): An Innovative Seminar Course in Business Etiquette for Pharmacy Graduate Students, zuletzt geprüft am 16.05.2018
Abstract: Objectives. To develop and implement a seminar course for graduate students in the social and administrative pharmaceutical sciences to enhance knowledge and confidence with respect their abil- ities to demonstrate appropriate business etiquette. Design. A 1-credit graduate seminar course was designed based on learner-centered constructivist theory and application of Fink’s Taxonomy for Significant Learning. Assessment. Eleven students participated in the spring 2011 seminar course presentations and activities. Students completed pre- and post-assessment instruments, which included knowledge and attitudinal questions. Formative and summative assessments showed gains in student knowledge, perceived skills, and confidence based on observation and student-reported outcomes. Conclusion. Graduate student reaction to the course was overwhelmingly positive. The etiquette course has potential application in doctor of pharmacy education, other graduate disciplines, undergraduate education, and continuing professional development. Keywords: seminar; graduate education; educational theory; professionalism, business etiquette
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(2012): On manners. New York: Routledge
Abstract: Many otherwise enlightened people often dismiss etiquette as a trivial subject or―worse yet―as nothing but a disguise for moral hypocrisy or unjust social hierarchies. Such sentiments either mistakenly assume that most manners merely frame the “real issues” of any interpersonal exchange or are the ugly vestiges of outdated, unfair social arrangements. But in On Manners, Karen Stohr turns the tables on these easy prejudices, demonstrating that the scope of manners is much broader than most people realize and that manners lead directly to the roots of enduring ethical questions. Stohr suggests that though manners are mostly conventional, they are nevertheless authoritative insofar as they are a primary means by which we express moral attitudes and commitments and carry out important moral goals. Drawing primarily on Aristotle and Kant and with references to a wide range of cultural examples―from Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice to Larry David’s Curb Your Enthusiasm―the author ultimately concludes that good manners are essential to moral character.
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(2012): Forming fairness judgments. Why people favor unfair information
Abstract: Described an information search model regarding fairness judgment formation for both fair and unfair events. Individuals in both fair and unfair situations show higher interest in unfairness-relevant information than fairness-relevant information. Two different goals guide the information search on the fairness of the authority: the accuracy motive regarding fairness and the defense motive regarding unfairness. This often results in a focus on unfair information which leads to both greater difficulty conveying fair information and the inflation of less relevant unfair information in conflicts. In conclusion, it is very important that previously unknown authorities carefully avoid the initial appearance of unfairness and maintain repeated positive interaction. Individuals are then likely to form a positive judgment regarding the authority's fairness.
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(2012): Robots, Love, and Sex: The Ethics of Building a Love Machine. In: IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing 3 (4), S. 398-409. DOI: 10.1109/T-AFFC.2012.31
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(2012) : Politeness in Computer-Mediated Communication In: Chapelle, Carol A.: The encyclopedia of applied linguistics: CO-EN, 18: Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd
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(2012): Sprachliche Höflichkeit in computervermittelter Kommunikation. Zugl.: Salzburg, Univ., Diss., 2010 [erm.]. Tübingen: Stauffenburg-Verl. (Stauffenburg Linguistik)Keywords: Chatten, Computational linguistics, Computerunterstützte Kommunikation, computervermittelte Kommunikation, Conversation analysis, Data processing, Deutsch, deutsche Community, Favoriten, Französisch, French language, German language, Hochschulschrift, Höflichkeit, Höflichkeitsforschung, Informations- & Kommunikationstechnik, Konversationsanalyse, Linguistik, Mensch-Technik-Relationen (MTR), Online chat groups, Politeness (Linguistics), Realtechnik, Social aspects, social interaction, Soziale Angemessenheit, Sprache, Technik, Technikbezug, Technological innovations, Überblick, Volltreffer
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(2012): The explanation of ideology. Family structures and social systems. In: History of European Ideas 9 (6), S. 725-727. DOI: 10.1016/0191-6599(88)90106-4Keywords: Ohne Abstract oder Text
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Törnblom, Kjell; Kazemi, Ali (Hg.) (2012): Handbook of Social Resource Theory. Resource types and fairness perceptions in social dilemmas.. New York, NY: Springer New York (Critical Issues in Social Justice)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4175-5 Abstract: The focus in this chapter is on the nature and effects of fairness perceptions and different types of resources in social dilemmas. Most recognizable under the rubrics of equity and distributive justice, theories of fairness in their many incarnations have a long history in the social sciences and have expanded into a variety of research lines. Equity theory employed the terms inputs and outcomes in simple mathematical models designed to account for interpersonal comparisons of these quantities and their impact on feelings of fairness. In the pure game-theoretic sense, there is no place for fairness issues in social dilemmas so long as all participants subscribe to the rules. However, we will argue that (I) social dilemma settings fall within the scope of distributive justice theory, (2) input and outcome patterns activate justice concerns, and (3) these concerns will result in predictable alterations of subsequent inputs with predictable consequences for the group. The s cope of these arguments will be further expanded by taking into account the kinds of resources involved. In this way, our theory will be able to explain the effects of different types of resources on the input side, and/or outcomes involving different types of resources for different members, and/or outcome resources that differ from input resources. Resource theory provides us some direction for establishing a model of resource effects on social dilemmas via fairness processes. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
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(2012): How robots can help: Communication strategies that improve social outcomes. In: Dissertation abstracts international 72 (7-A)
Abstract: Offering help is a socially precarious venture. A robot that mimics human help-giving communication might end up supporting or might end up offending the help recipient. This thesis begins by observing the varied linguistic strategies human help givers use and their subsequent effects on help recipients. With this understanding, this thesis experimentally observes reactions to robot helpers in comparison to human helpers, looking closely at the influence of help messages on impressions. This experiment provides evidence that imperative statements from a robot are perceived to be controlling, in much the same way as humans using imperative statements. But when particular politeness strategies are used, robots are judged to be even less controlling than people. This thesis improves our understanding of human help-giving communication, offers guidance in the design of sensitive robot helpers, and argues for the continued investigation of advantageous differences between social responses to technology and social responses to people. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
Keywords: Ethik, Mensch-Roboter-Interaktion -
Trinkle, Jeffrey C.; Matsuoka, Yoky; Castellanos, José A. (Hg.) (2012): Robotics. Science and systems VII. Robotics: Science and Systems 2011, June 27-30, 2011. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press
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(2012): Riding the Waves of Culture. Understanding Diversity in Global Business. Rev. and updated 3. ed.. New York: McGraw-Hill
Abstract: The definitive guide to cross-cultural management - updated to help you lead effectively during a time of unprecedented globalization. First published nearly 20 years ago, Riding the Waves of Culture became the standard guide to leading effectively in an international business context. Now, the third edition takes you beyond cross-cultural awareness and issues to help you take strategic advantage of cultural differences in the business environment. Leveraging their expansive cultural database as well as brand-new research findings, the authors explain how to build the skills, sensitivity, and cultural awareness necessary to managing effectively across cultural borders and seize all the opportunities diversity brings to an organization.
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(2012): Emotion and the construal of social situations. Inferences of cooperation versus competition from expressions of anger, happiness, and disappointment. In: Cognition & emotion 26 (3), S. 442-461. DOI: 10.1080/02699931.2011.648174
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2011.648174 Abstract: The notion that emotional expressions regulate social life by providing information is gaining popularity. Prior research on the effects of emotional expressions on observers' inferential processes has focused mostly on inferences regarding the personality traits of the expresser, such as dominance and affiliation. We extend this line of research by exploring the possibility that emotional expressions shape observers' construal of social situations. Across three vignette studies, an interaction partner's expressions of anger, compared to expressions of happiness or disappointment, led observers to construe hypothetical situations as less cooperative, both in dyads and groups. These effects occurred even when factual information regarding the cooperativeness or competitiveness of the situation was provided, attesting to the power of emotional expressions in shaping the construal of social situations. Results are discussed in relation to appraisal theory, reverse appraisals, emotions as social information theory, and the emergence of cooperation in groups and cultures. ztiert von 58
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(2012): Politeness from the Middle Ages to modern times. In: HISTORIA (785)Keywords: time
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(2012): Vico: The First New Science. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press
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(2012): Bridging the Gap between Social Animal and Unsocial Machine: A Survey of Social Signal Processing. In: IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing 3 (1), S. 69-87. DOI: 10.1109/T-AFFC.2011.27
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(2012): Designing awareness systems for social connectedness – A field study approach into theoretical foundations, design principles and evaluation. Online verfügbar unter https://repository.tudelft.nl/islandora/object/uuid:a79c4534-6681-4a27-aa1a-e76ccb1c2c35, zuletzt geprüft am 11.05.2018
DOI: https://repository.tudelft.nl/islandora/object/uuid:a79c4534-6681-4a27-aa1a-e76ccb1c2c35 Abstract: Being in touch, and being aware of the people in one’s social network strongly contributes to one’s sense of social well-being. As communication technology has become more ubiquitous, it is possible to always be in touch with friends and relatives in the periphery of one’s attention, e.g. through instant messaging and online social networks. This research investigated the effect of such social information on people’s sense of connectedness. Also, it was studied how such communication application can be integrated into the fabric of our everyday life as awareness systems. It was found that despite the subtlety, mediated social awareness has a measurable effect on social connectedness. Also, the findings strongly suggest that ambiguity in social cues is a strong enabler of the feeling of being connected. These findings may help designers of social network applications and products to more effectively design for increased social connectedness.
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(2012): Ethical issues in brain-computer interface research, development, and dissemination. In: Journal of neurologic physical therapy : JNPT 36 (2), S. 94-99. DOI: 10.1097/NPT.0b013e31825064cc
DOI: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22592066 Abstract: The steadily growing field of brain-computer interfacing (BCI) may develop useful technologies, with a potential impact not only on individuals, but also on society as a whole. At the same time, the development of BCI presents significant ethical and legal challenges. In a workshop during the 4th International BCI meeting (Asilomar, California, 2010), six panel members from various BCI laboratories and companies set out to identify and disentangle ethical issues related to BCI use in four case scenarios, which were inspired by current experiences in BCI laboratories. Results of the discussion are reported in this article, touching on topics such as the representation of persons with communication impairments, dealing with technological complexity and moral responsibility in multidisciplinary teams, and managing expectations, ranging from an individual user to the general public. Furthermore, we illustrate that where treatment and research interests conflict, ethical concerns arise. On the basis of the four case scenarios, we discuss salient, practical ethical issues that may confront any member of a typical multidisciplinary BCI team. We encourage the BCI and rehabilitation communities to engage in a dialogue, and to further identify and address pressing ethical issues as they occur in the practice of BCI research and its commercial applications. zitiert von: 46
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(2012): Social development, social inequalities, and social justice. Hove: Psychology (Jean Piaget Symposia series)
Abstract: This volume considers previously separate bodies of research on social justice, social equality, and social development. Eminent scholars from a variety of disciplines discuss the latest research to help us understand the relation between social inequalities and social development. In so doing, the book documents the powerful ways that social inequalities frame development and explores the conflicts that arise in the context of these inequalities. It illustrates how people around the world make judgments about these conditions and how they resist or change the practices they deem unjust. By bringing together these perspectives, the editors hope to demonstrate how understanding social development carries with it the possibility of change and social justice. The book considers processes of social development. It examines Piaget's ideas about morality and relates them to children's thinking about social rights. An interdisciplinary review of research from developmental, social, and health psychology, social policy, anthropology, and philosophy, follows this introduction. Each contributor examines the historical, developmental, and social processes that influence beliefs regarding social justice and equality and the consequences of living in conditions of injustice. The book considers: • Inequalities in educational and health care opportunities. • Unequal rights and harassment and their effects on minorities. • The hardships and inequalities encountered by women. Intended for researchers and advanced students in developmental, social, cultural, and health psychology, policy, anthropology, and philosophy interested in a world that is socially just. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved) zitiert von 19
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(2012): “It's rude to VP”. The cultural semantics of rudeness. In: Journal of Pragmatics 44 (9), S. 1051-1062. DOI: 10.1016/j.pragma.2012.02.002
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2012.02.002 Abstract: Over recent years, linguists have given an increasing amount of attention to impoliteness studies (Bousfield, 2008; Culpeper et al., 2003; Kienpointner, 1997; Meier, 1995a,b; Mills, 2009). Oddly however, little attention has yet been paid to the semantics of the English word rude. Lacking precise translation equivalents in many languages, rude is a keyword revealing much about socially accepted ways of behaving in Anglo society (Wierzbicka, 1997; cf. Fox, 2004). In Australian English, as in English generally, it is the primary ethno-descriptor in the domain of “impoliteness”. This paper provides a detailed lexical semantic analysis of rude in the productive formula It's rude to VP, and also in the fixed expression rude word. The semantic explications are framed in the simple universal primes of the Natural Semantic Metalanguage (NSM) (Goddard and Wierzbicka, 2002; Peeters, 2006; Wierzbicka, 1996). The argumentation is supported by data on Australian English collected from Google searches.
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(2012) : Rethinking the human-agent relationship: Which social cues do interactive agents really need to have? In: Hingston, Philip: Believable bots: Can computers play like people?: New York, NY: Springer-Verlag Publishing, S. 1-28. Online verfügbar unter http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2013-00699-001&site=ehost-live
Abstract: This chapter discusses the potential meaning of the term social in relation to human-agent interaction. Based on the sociological theory of object-centred sociality, four aspects of sociality, namely forms of grouping, attachment, reciprocity, and reflexivity are presented and transferred to the field of human-humanoid interaction studies. Six case studies with three different types of humanoid robots are presented, in which the participants had to answer a questionnaire involving several items on these four aspects. The case studies are followed by a section on lessons learned for human-agent interaction. In this section, a 'social agent matrix' for categorizing human-agent interaction in terms of their main sociality aspect is introduced. A reflection on this matrix and the future (social) human-agent relationship closes this chapter. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved)
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(2012): The Post-Modern Self. A Retrospective. In: Society 49 (4), S. 328-332. DOI: 10.1007/s12115-012-9556-6
Abstract: This paper examines the idea that the self is now post-modern, meaning fragmented, fluid, boundaryless, defenseless and lacking identity. This idea was popular a while back, but it now looks faddish and out-dated. The pomo self theorists over-emphasized some things and under-emphasized others, i.e. they engaged in the fallacy of reduction. They mistook minor changes in the self for major ones. They overlooked the power of the primary group. And they under-rated the self's defenses, especially inner speech as a device for protecting the self and agency as a weapon for managing one's environment.