Alle Publikationen
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2017
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(2017): Interkulturelle Qualifizierung im Rahmen des Hochschulstudiums in Deutschland. Dissertation. Berlin: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Kultur-, Sozial- und Bildungswissenschaftliche Fakultät. Online verfügbar unter http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/dissertationen/hoessler-ulrich-2017-01-31/PDF/hoessler.pdf, zuletzt geprüft am 30.04.2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18452/17721 Abstract: Die vorliegende Arbeit verfolgt das Ziel, ein Modell interkultureller Qualifizierung im Rahmen des Hochschulstudiums in Deutschland zu generieren. Im theoretischen Teil wird der Qualifizie-rungsbegriff in Bezug zum Qualifizierungsziel interkulturelle Kompetenz und zum Anwen-dungskontext Hochschulstudium in Deutschland erörtert sowie das Thema innerhalb der Erzie-hungswissenschaften verortet. Auf die Themen interkulturelle Kompetenz und interkulturelles Lernen wird gesondert eingegangen. Darauf aufbauend werden im empirischen Tiel die zwei durchgeführten Studien beschrieben und abschließend die Ergebnisse interpretiert. Aus einer qualitativ-explorativen Interviewbefragung von 18 ehemaligen Teilnehmenden am Zusatzstudi-um Internationale Handlungskompetenz der Regensburger Hochschulen und einer quantitativ-explanativen Fragebogenstudie mit 129 damals aktuellen Teilnehmenden am Ende des Zusatz-studiums konnten relevante Eingangsbedingungen, Lernprozesse und Wirkungen sowie Kon-trollvariablen interkultureller Qualifizierungsmaßnahmen identifiziert werden. Die identifizierten Variablen werden zu den fünf Nutzungsprofilen interkultureller Qualifizierung 1) Sensibilisie-rung, 2) kognitive Anwendung, 3) Aktivierung, 4) aktionale Anwendung und 5) Potenzierung zusammengefasst. In einem Transfermodell werden die Nutzungsprofile schießlich in Bezug auf Wissenstransfer und Handlungstransfer verortet und in einem Input-Prozess-Output-Modell auf-steigend angeordnet. Das Ergebnis der Arbeit besteht somit in einem theoretisch fundierten und empirisch geprüften lern- und handlungstheoretischen Modell interkultureller Qualifizierung, das exemplarisch Bedingungen, Prozessverläufe und Wirkungen interkultureller Qualifizie-rungsmaßnahmen an deutschen Hochschulen beschreibt und dadurch Anwendungswissen für Konzeption, Implementation und Evaluation weiterer bestehender und geplanter interkultureller Qualifizierungsmaßnahmen bietet. This study aims at generating an input-process-output model of intercultural qualification in the context of academic education in Germany. The theoretical framework consists of defining in-tercultural qualification and localizing the topic within educational sciences. The topics intercul-tural competence and intercultural learning are discussed separately. There were two empirical studies: 1) 18 former participants of the Extracurricular Study Program for Intercultural Compe-tence at the Regensburg universities have been interviewed about the program’s learning pro-cesses and learning outcomes. Resulting data were analysed using qualitative methods, yielding a set of hypotheses on relations between preconditions, processes and outcomes of intercultural qualification. 2) At the end of the program, 129 participants completed a questionnaire con-structed on the results of the interview study producing quantitative data. Relevant input, pro-cess and output variables could be identified and were integrated into five user profiles: 1) sensi-tisation, 2) cognitive application, 3) activation, 4) behavioral application, and 5) potentialisation. These profiles were finally arranged in relation to knowledge transfer and behavioral transfer, thus yielding a transfer model of intercultural qualification, and were put in ascending order in an input-process-output model. This theoretically founded and empirically tested model de-scribes exemplarily preconditions, learning processes, learning outcomes, and control variables of intercultural qualification in the context of academic education in Germany. It can be used as a theoretical framework for further research or conceptualisation, implementation, and evalua-tion of intercultural qualification programs.
Keywords: AL 17900, Bildung, competence, Curriculum, didactic, Didaktik, educational sciences, Employability, erfahrungsorientiert, Erziehungswissenschaft, Evaluation, experiential, formal, formell, higher education, Hochschule, implicit, implizit, informal, informell, Intercultural, Intercultural communication, intercultural competence, interkulturell, Interkulturelle Kommunikation, Interkulturelle Kompetenz, internationalisation, Internationalisierung, key qualifikation, Kompetenz, Kompetenzerwerb, Learning, learning process, Lernen, Lernprozess, model, Modell, Pädagogik, pedagogic, qualification, Qualifizierung, Schlüsselqualifikation, Schul- und Bildungswesen, situated cognition, situiert, Unterricht, vergleichend -
(2017): Reasoning about Imprecise Beliefs in Multi-Agent Systems with PDT Logic. In: KI - Künstliche Intelligenz 31 (1), S. 63-71. DOI: 10.1007/s13218-016-0455-7Keywords: abductive reasoning, Abduktion, abduktives Schließen, Agenten, Agenten-Überzeugung, Angemessenheit von Überzeugungen, Bedeutung, Belief updates, deutsche Community, Epistemische Logik/Modallogik/Doxastische Logik/Wissenslogik, Formalisierung, frame semantics, imprecise beliefs, Imprecise probabilities, Intellektualtechnik, Knowledge representation, Kogn. Architektur, kognitive Architekturen, Künstliche Intelligenz, Mensch-Technik-Relationen (MTR), model, Modell, Modellierung, multi-agent systems, Multi-Agenten-Systeme, PDT Logic, Probabilistic Doxastic Temporal Logic, Realtechnik, Technik, Ungenaue Überzeugungen, Wahrscheinlichkeit
2016
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(2016): The 'Conversation Partner' Phenomenon in the Dialogical I-Other Relationship. In: SSRN Electronic Journal. DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2884743
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2884743 Abstract: Authors develop a new approach to the study of one's relationships with others, which focuses on the conditions and the effects of the dialogical nature of a person. Theoretical modeling, hermeneutics, qualitative and quantitative methods have been applied. The solution for identifying prerequisites of self-development and social positioning of a person that are rooted in dialogical I-Other relationships has been suggested. The originality of the paper is associated with describing the relation to the other as a reflexive I-Other relationship; with an elaborated model that highlights the variety of dimensions of I-Other relationships (between I and Other, I-in-Other, Other-in-Me, I-in-Myself) results in a truly dialogical mode of being; with revealing the potentials of a Conversation Partner in dialogical I-Other relationships (subjective interrelations and significance of Conversation Partners, their activity, fullness of the reflection of significant Conversation Partners); with a description of different hypostases of Conversation Partners (Real, Ideal, Secret, I as Myself) by the means of hermeneutics. The method called "My Conversation Partner" should also be mentioned, as well as the empirical study of existential and social resources of Conversation Partners. Theoretical background of the study was formed by the works of M.M. Bakhtin, M. Buber, M. Heidegger, J.-P. Sartre. E. Levinas, as well as by the works of modern psychologists such as G.M. Kuchinsky, A.V. Rossokhin, E.B. Starovoytenko, C.T. Brown & P.W. Keller, Hubert Hermans, F. Rivetti Barbo, etc. Results of the current research have shown that the potential of social adaptivity, affiliation, dominance, positive solitude, joy of solitude, freedom, self-transcendence, existential fulfillment is associated with the richness of one's Conversation Partners.
Keywords: adaptivity, Bakhtin, Barbo, Buber, C.T. Brown, Conversation Partner, dialogue, dimensions, Disziplin, existential resources, Heidegger, Hermans, hermeneutics, I - Other / Conversation Partner, Interaktion, interdisziplinär, I-Other relationship, Keller, Kuchinsky, Levinas, model, Personality, Philosophie, Psychologie, reflection, Rossokhin, Sartre, social adaptivity, social resources, Starovoytenko 2015
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(2015): Why not? On axiomatizing sociological action theory. In: Zeitschrift für Soziologie (44.2), S. 83-98
Abstract: This contribution demonstrates that two different approaches to decision theory, i.e. the axiomatic theories of bounded rationality (Rubinstein 1998) and the new sociological theory of action, share the common goal of developing a decision theory that describes what actually happens inside the minds of decision makers. Additionally, it is argued that sociological action theory has need of such an axiomatic method. This is illustrated by providing a partial characterization of the model of frame selection developed by Esser (2001) and Kroneberg (2005), arguably the most influential model in action theory in German sociological discourse.
Keywords: Axiomatic Theory, Bounded Rationality, CONSUMERS BEHAVIOR, COOPERATION, Decision theory, DEFINITION, Disziplin, Entscheidungsforschung, ESSER,HARTMUT, FRAME-SELECTION, model, Procedural Decision Making, PURE THEORY, RATIONAL CHOICE, Scripts, SITUATION, Soziologie, Soziologisches Handlungsmodell von Hartmut Esser, VOLUNTEERS 2014
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(2014): Tracking managerial conflict adaptivity. Introducing a dynamic measure of adaptive conflict management in organizations. In: Journal of Organizational Behavior 35 (7), S. 945-968. DOI: 10.1002/job.1935
Abstract: Since Darwin, adaptation to change has been associated with survival and fit. Yet, despite this, leaders and managers often get stuck in dominating approaches to conflict, and few scholars have examined the role of adaptation in managing conflicts effectively over time and across changing situations. The goal of this paper is threefold. First, we develop a new measure for assessing conflict adaptivity of managers [the Managerial Conflict Adaptivity Assessment (MCAA)], based on a situated model of conflict in social relations. We define conflict adaptivity as the capacity to respond to different conflict situations in accordance with the demands specified by the situation. The measure consists of 15 distinct work-conflict scenarios and provides five behavioral response options, which represent five primary strategies employed in conflict. Individuals who tend to respond to the conflicts in a manner consistent with the situations provided are considered to be more adaptive. Second, we test and find that managerial conflict adaptivity is related to higher levels of satisfaction with conflict processes at work as well as higher levels of well-being at work. Third, we test the MCAA's construct validity and provide evidence that the MCAA is positively related to behavioral flexibility and self-efficacy.
Keywords: adaptation, adaptivity, Anpassung, BEHAVIOR, complexity, CONSEQUENCES, CONSTRUCT-VALIDITY, economics, Leadership, MCAA (Management Conflict Adaptivity Assessment) AP Skala (Adaptive Performance) - Anpassungsfähigkeit als Kriterium sozial angemessenen Handelns, model, NEGOTIATION, POWER, SELF-EFFICACY 2013
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(2013): Organizational social structures for software engineering. In: ACM Computing Surveys 46 (1), S. 1-35. DOI: 10.1145/2522968.2522971
Abstract: Software engineering evolved from a rigid process to a dynamic interplay of people (e.g., stakeholders or developers). Organizational and social literature call this interplay an Organizational Social Structure (OSS). Software practitioners still lack a systematic way to select, analyze, and support OSSs best fitting their problems (e.g., software development). We provide the state-of-the-art in OSSs, and discuss mechanisms to support OSS-related decisions in software engineering (e.g., choosing the OSS best fitting development scenarios). Our data supports two conclusions. First, software engineering focused on building software using project teams alone, yet these are one of thirteen OSS flavors from literature. Second, an emerging OSS should be further explored for software development: social networks. This article represents a first glimpse at OSS-aware software engineering, that is, to engineer software using OSSs best fit for the problem.
Keywords: Computerwissenschaft, cultural implications, governance, Human Factors, IMPACT, information trust, KNOWLEDGE COMMUNITIES, knowledge management, Management, model, NETWORKS, organizational decision-making, Organizational social structures, Organizational Social Structures (OSS), QUALITY, social adaptivity, social context, social networks, social structure, software organizations, software practice, user perspective, users, WORKCommunities 2012
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(2012): Entwicklung und Validierung eines Fragebogens zur Erfassung von „Adaptive Performance“. In: Zeitschrift für Arbeits- und Organisationspsychologie A&O 56 (2), S. 55-69. DOI: 10.1026/0932-4089/a000069
Abstract: The article deals with the development and validation of a questionnaire measuring adaptive performance (AP). AP is defined as behavior in reaction to changed work situations that promote the functioning of the organization. Consistent with our hypothesis the data reveal a two-dimensional structure for supervisor appraisals as well as for self-assessments, thereby distinguishing between a task oriented and a social focus of adaptivity. Two studies provide empirical evidence that AP is separable from in-role performance and explains specific variance in global performance appraisals of supervisors. Further validations reveal positive correlations of AP and the two traits flexibility and interpersonal skills, whereas, as anticipated, flexibility is higher correlated with task oriented AP, and interpersonal skills higher with social AP.
Keywords: ADAPTABILITY, adaptivity, Anpassung, BEHAVIOR, COGNITIVE-ABILITY, CONTEXTS, flexibility, MCAA (Management Conflict Adaptivity Assessment) AP Skala (Adaptive Performance) - Anpassungsfähigkeit als Kriterium sozial angemessenen Handelns, METAANALYSIS, model, ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP, ORIENTATION, performance appraisal, Psychologie, TASK, Überblick, WORK, work performance 2009
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(2009): The individualistic research program in sociology. development, present state, and problems. In: Zeitschrift für Soziologie (38.1), S. 26-47
Abstract: After an account of the beginnings of the individualistic research program (IRP) at the Department of Sociology of the University of Cologne and its later development, an explication of the program is provided. Based on the well-known micro-macro model ("Coleman boat") the possible problems of the IRP are identified and then discussed. In regard to the applied micro-theory it is argued that there are fewer problems if a wide instead of a narrow version of the theory of rational action is applied. If micro-macro relationships (bridge assumptions) are empirical, it is argued that they are singular causal statements (i.e., not laws) and that the micro-theories of the IRP (such as value expectancy theory) can be applied. The article further discusses variants of the micro-macro model and the claim that collective concepts can be reconstructed as properties of individuals.
2008
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(2008): The Three Logics of Selection theory of Action as Theory of Defining the Situation. In: Zeitschrift für Soziologie (37.5), S. 362-379
Abstract: Using Hartmut Esser's model of frame selection as a point of reference, this paper examines how different ways of defining a situation influence the selection of action. The introduction of the model of frame selection has substantially changed the theory of action within the macro-micro-macro-model of sociological explanation. The theory of action has become closely related to the sociology of knowledge: the theory of action as the theory of defining the situation. This paper contributes to this theoretical approach. It is argued that the criteria for selecting between the interpretive patterns which orient and guide actions depend on three different forms of defining the situation: (1) defining the situation constatively, i.e. identifying the characteristics of a given situation; anti two forms of defining the situation performatively: (2) constituting the situation by referring to a definition of the situation which is effectively enforceable or (3) constituting the situation by referring to a definition of the situation which is commonly shared. The assumption that the different ways of selecting between interpretive patterns depend on these three forms of defining the situation contradicts the view of the current model of frame selection, which in this respect refers to the difference between an automatic-spontaneous and a reflective-calculating mode of selection.
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