Alle Publikationen
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2018
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(2018): Emotionale Roboter im Pflegekontext : Empirische Analyse des bisherigen Einsatzes und der Wirkungen von Paro und Pleo. In: Zeitschrift fur Gerontologie und Geriatrie 51 (1), S. 16-24. DOI: 10.1007/s00391-017-1346-8
DOI: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29218400 Abstract: BACKGROUND It has been questioned by researchers in robotics as well in the general public to what extent companion-type robots can support the elderly with the fulfillment of their psychological and social needs. Although these robots have already been used in care settings in Germany, research has referred little to this practical experience in order to analyze their impact and benefit. To start to close this gap, the current article reports on the current use of companion-type robots in care settings, on the effects reported by professional caregivers as well as on the role of psychosocial needs in the acceptance and use of companion-type robots by the elderly. MATERIAL AND METHODS In the first study, 30 professional caregivers with experience in the use of the robot seal Paro in care settings were interviewed regarding Paro's application and the observed effects on their clients. In the second study, three case examples are presented from an interaction study in which vulnerable elderly persons had the robot dinosaur Pleo at their disposal for a maximum period of 15 days. RESULTS Paro is used very flexibly in a variety of settings and with a broad range of user groups (study 1). The reported psychosocial effects were mainly positive but short term. The case examples (study 2) show that psychosocial needs can both foster or hinder robot acceptance and use. They also emphasize the important role of caregivers in the interaction between the elderly and emotional robots in the context of eldercare. CONCLUSION The beneficial and ethical use of companion-type robots in care settings demands a high commitment on the part of the caregivers. Given this prerequisite, emotional robots can be a valuable therapeutic tool.
2015
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(2015) : Perception of Affective Body Movements in HRI across Age Groups: Comparison between Results from Denmark and Japan: 2015 International Conference on Culture and Computing (Culture Computing): Kyoto, Japan: IEEE, S. 25-32
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/Culture.and.Computing.2015.14 Abstract: Social robots are envisioned to move into unrestricted environments where they will be interacting with naive users (in terms of their experience as robot operators). Thus, these robots are also envisioned to exploit interaction channels that are natural to humans like speech, gestures, or body movements. A specificity of these interaction channels is that humans do not only convey task-related information but also more subtle information like e.g. Emotions or personal stance through these channels. Thus, to be successful and not accidentally jeopardizing an interaction, robots need to be able to understand these implicit connotations of the signals (often called social signal processing) in order to generate appropriate signals in a given interaction context. One main application area that is envisioned for social robots is related to elder care, but little is known on how seniors will perceive robots and the signals they produce. In this paper we focus on affective connotations of body movements and investigate how the perception of body movements of robots is related to age. Inspired by a study from Japan, we introduce culture as a variable in the experiment and discuss the difficulties of cross-cultural comparisons. The results show that there are certain age-related differences in the perception of affective body movements, but not as strong as in the original study. A follow up experiment puts the affective body movements into context and shows that recognition rates deteriorate for older participants.
Keywords: affective body movement perception, affective body movements, age groups, age-related differences, Angemessen(heit) (von Technik), assisted living, Context, cross-cultural analysis, Cultural differences, culturally aware technology, Denmark, elder care, emotion information, Face, HRI, Human Factors, Human robot interaction, Humanoid Robots, human-robot interaction, ieee xplore, implicit connotation, interaction channels, Japan, Legged locomotion, Observers, personal stance information, robot operators, Robots, service robot, social robots, social signal processing, task-related information, TV, unrestricted environments, Videos 2014
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(2014): Personal remote assistance in Ambient Assisted Living - Experimental research of elderly people's trust and their intention to use. In: International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction 30 (7). Online verfügbar unter URL: http://www.hcirn.com/res/period/ijhci.php
Abstract: Analyzed the meaning of two different support functions regarding the use of Ambient Assisted Living (AAL). 32 older persons (mean age 69 years) and a younger control group (n = 21; mean age 24 years) were examined in an experiment with three different tasks using a tablet computer. The first group operated with a mock-up that provided personal remote assistance (PRA) and the second group with one that provided embedded technical assistance (ETA). The main results show that older participants with PRA solve significantly more tasks than people with ETA. Moreover, a significant influence of perceived ease of use with PRA is revealed. Multiple regressions in the senior sample highlight a significant connection between trust in AAL technology and perceived reliability as well as perceived ease of use. No significant correlation between the type of assistance and older persons' trust, as well as an intention to use AAL, was found.
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(2014): Personal remote assistance in Ambient Assisted Living - Experimental research of elderly people's trust and their intention to use. In: International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction 30 (7). Online verfügbar unter URL: http://www.hcirn.com/res/period/ijhci.php
Abstract: Analyzed the meaning of two different support functions regarding the use of Ambient Assisted Living (AAL). 32 older persons (mean age 69 years) and a younger control group (n = 21; mean age 24 years) were examined in an experiment with three different tasks using a tablet computer. The first group operated with a mock-up that provided personal remote assistance (PRA) and the second group with one that provided embedded technical assistance (ETA). The main results show that older participants with PRA solve significantly more tasks than people with ETA. Moreover, a significant influence of perceived ease of use with PRA is revealed. Multiple regressions in the senior sample highlight a significant connection between trust in AAL technology and perceived reliability as well as perceived ease of use. No significant correlation between the type of assistance and older persons' trust, as well as an intention to use AAL, was found.
2013
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(2013): Exploring empathy in interaction: Scenarios of respectful robotics. In: GeroPsych 26 (2), S. 101-112. DOI: 10.1024/1662-9647/a000086
DOI: http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2013-17530-004&site=ehost-live Abstract: As intelligent support systems move into the world of elder care and independent living, their behavior becomes a prominent aspect in the lives of people, raising the question of how to design for such systems addressing older people in a respectful manner. We provide a phenomenology-inspired design perspective on emotional and social robotics in elder care pivoting on the uniqueness and respect for older people’s perceptual-motor, cognitive, emotional, and social skills. Our approach aims at achieving an empathic relationship between the older person and the system by providing continuous, expressive opportunities to allow interaction and meaning to emerge. We illustrate our research-through-design approach with several scenarios and conclude this paper reporting the interview of an older person who experimented with early prototypes of the robotic system. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
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(2013): Exploring Empathy in Interaction. Scenarios of respectful robotics. In: GeroPsych 26 (2), S. 101-112. DOI: 10.1024/1662-9647/a000086
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1024/1662-9647/a000086 Abstract: As intelligent support systems move into the world of elder care and independent living, their behavior becomes a prominent aspect in the lives of people, raising the question of how to design for such systems addressing older people in a respectful manner. We provide a phenomenology-inspired design perspective on emotional and social robotics in elder care pivoting on the uniqueness and respect for older people's perceptual-motor, cognitive, emotional, and social skills. Our approach aims at achieving an empathic relationship between the older person and the system by providing continuous, expressive opportunities to allow interaction and meaning to emerge. We illustrate our research-through-design approach with several scenarios and conclude this paper reporting the interview of an older person who experimented with early prototypes of the robotic system.
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