Alle Publikationen
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2016
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(2016): Humans, robots and values. In: Technology in Society 45, S. 19-28. DOI: 10.1016/j.techsoc.2016.01.002
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2016.01.002 Abstract: From the 1950s onwards the threat automation posed to human labour became a persistent theme in popular science fiction [26,1]. Authors explored what it meant to be human, by contrasting us with hypothetical robots. Such robots were generally seen as coming into existence centuries into the future. In the last decade the rate of progress in robotics has accelerated way beyond popular expectation. The timescales of Asimov and Dick look generous, whereas the dystopian near future of 'Player Piano' [71] seems grimly real. This anxiety is not limited to novelists. Even Stephen Hawkins told the BBC:. "The development of full artificial intelligence could spell the end of the human race." [11].Robotics is made possible by advances in mechanical engineering but, above all, by informatics. In this essay we look at how ideas derived from informatics allow us a more precise view of what differentiates us from robots and, on the other hand, how information science can give us a deeper insight into the nature of human labour. Having gained this understanding, we can go on to examine what sort of threat robots really pose to us, as humans.
2010
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(2010): Immanent Non-Algorithmic Rules: An Ontological Study of Social Rules. In: Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour 40 (3), S. 289-313. DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-5914.2009.00426.x
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-5914.2009.00426.x Abstract: The notion of rule seems to be almost as contested as it is central to the social sciences. Whereas classic works of sociology tend to consider rules as a central concept of sociological analysis (Durkheim 1982/1894; Giddens 1984; 1979; Parsons 1964/1951; Weber 1978/1922), ethnomethodologists criticize their taken‐for‐grantedness and propose rather to view the continuous reproduction of rules as a problematic topic of enquiry (Douglas 1971; Garfinkel 1967; Heritage 1984; Zimmerman 1971). As Garfinkel puts it: [functionalist] social science theorists . . . have used the fact of standardization to conceive the character and consequences of actions that comply with standardized expectancies. Generally they have acknowledged but otherwise neglected the fact that by these same actions persons discover, create and sustain this standardization. (Garfinkel, 1967: 66–7, cited in Heritage 1984, text modified)
2007
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(2007): REVISITING RULES. AN ONTOLOGICAL STUDY OF SOCIAL RULES. In: Academy of Management Proceedings (1), S. 1-6. DOI: 10.5465/ambpp.2007.26530294
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2007.26530294 Abstract: The article discusses the concept of rules as used in sociological studies, focusing on the categorization of types of rules and addressing an ethnomethodological debate over whether rules can be usefully distinguished from actions. An argument using retroductive reasoning is presented and an explanation of the salient features of retroduction are provided. The concept of rules as immanent and implicit or tacit within actions is discussed and contrasted with an algorithmic rules paradigm. An illustration involving improvised jazz music is provided.
2000
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(2000): The impact of animated interface agents: a review of empirical research. In: International Journal of Human-Computer Studies 52 (1), S. 1-22. DOI: 10.1006/ijhc.1999.0325
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1006/ijhc.1999.0325 Abstract: Over the last years, the animation of interface agents has been the target of increasing interest. Largely, this increase in attention is fuelled by speculated effects on human motivation and cognition. However, empirical investigations on the effect of animated agents are still small in number and differ with regard to the measured effects. Our aim is two-fold. First, we provide a comprehensive and systematic overview of the empirical studies conducted so far in order to investigate effects of animated agents on the user's experience, behaviour and performance. Second, by discussing both implications and limitations of the existing studies, we identify some general requirements and suggestions for future studies.
1994
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(1994) : Computers are social actors In: Adelson, Beth: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems: New York, NY: ACM, S. 72-78
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