Alle Publikationen
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2017
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(2017): Real‐time gesture–based communication using possibility theory–based hidden Markov model. In: Computational Intelligence 33 (4), S. 843-862. DOI: 10.1111/coin.12116
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/coin.12116 Abstract: Exploring correct patterns from low‐frequency time‐series data is challenging. For resolving this problem, the concept of possibility theory–based hidden Markov model (PTBHMM) has been proposed. In this article, all three fundamental problems (evaluation, decoding, and learning) of conventional HMM have been addressed using possibility theory. For handling uncertainty, we have used an axiomatic approach of possibility theory proposed by Zadeh. The time complexity of existing solutions of HMM (forward, backward, Viterbi, and Baum Welch) and proposed possibility‐based solutions has been calculated and compared. From the comparison result, it has been found that PTBHMM has lesser time complexity and hence will be more suitable for real‐time gesture–based communication. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved)
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(2017): TERESA: Socially intelligent robot as window to the world. In: Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking 20 (5). DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2017.29072.ceu
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2017.29072.ceu Abstract: This column aims to describe the characteristics of current cyberpsychology research in Europe. In particular, CyberEurope aims at describing the leading research groups and projects running on the other side of the Ocean. The researchers have developed methods that enable the robots to perform social functions automatically, so that the human controller never needs to make decisions about how the robot should move around or what postures it should adopt. TERESA robots are able to navigate semi-autonomously, maintaining face-to-face contact during conversations, and displaying appropriate body-pose behavior—in a similar way to human beings. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved)
2015
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(2015): Learning to overcome cultural conflict through engaging with intelligent agents in synthetic cultures (PSYNDEXshort). In: International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education 25, S. 291-317
Abstract: Providing opportunities for children to engage with intercultural learning has frequently focused on exposure to the ritual, celebrations and festivals of cultures, with the view that such experiences will result in greater acceptance of cultural differences. Intercultural conflict is often avoided, bringing as it does particular pedagogical, ethical and political dilemmas of which cultures we place in conflict in the multicultural classroom. In this paper we discuss an alternative approach, providing children with an interactive learning experience with synthetic cultures and characters. The agent architecture developed to enable intelligent agents to exhibit culturally appropriate affect and behaviours is outlined. MIXER, an experiential learning application developed for 9-11 year old children on intercultural conflict is described, highlighting the learning goals and approaches. A school-based evaluation of MIXER with 144 UK children is presented. Children demonstrated high levels of comprehension, engagement and enjoyment of MIXER, with MIXER contributing to near and far transfer, supporting children's cognitive, emotional and behavioural learning and stimulating discussion and debate about how to resolve conflict.
Keywords: Anpassung und Einstellungen, Behavioural cultural tools, Bildungsprogramme und Lehrmethoden, Classroom Dynamics & Student Adjustment & Attitudes, Classrooms, Computer software, conflict, Conflict Resolution, Cross Cultural Differences, Culture & Ethnology, Curricula, Curriculum & Programs & Teaching Methods, Elementary School Students, Erfahrungslernen, Experiential Learning, Grundschüler, High School Students, intelligent agents, Intelligent Systems, Intelligente Agenten, Intelligente Systeme, Interaktion, Interkulturelle Unterschiede, Klassenräume, Konflikt, Konfliktlösung, Kultur und Ethnologie, Kulturforschung/ kulturelle Unterschiede, Lerntheorien, Mensch-Technik-Relation, Multicultural Education, Multikulturelle Erziehung, Pädagogische Psychologie, Schüler der Sekundarstufe, Sociocultural Factors, Software, Soziokulturelle Faktoren, verhaltensbezogene Kulturtechniken 2012
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(2012): Towards building intelligent speech interfaces through the use of more flexible, robust and natural dialogue management solutions. In: Interacting with Computers 24 (6), S. 482-498. DOI: 10.1016/j.intcom.2012.09.003
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intcom.2012.09.003 Abstract: In this paper a Bayesian Networks-based solution for dialogue modelling is presented. This solution is combined with carefully designed contextual information handling strategies. With the purpose of validating these solutions, and introducing a spoken dialogue system for controlling a Hi-Fi audio system as the selected prototype, a real-user evaluation has been conducted. Two different versions of the prototype are compared. Each version corresponds to a different implementation of the algorithm for the management of the actuation order, the algorithm for deciding the proper order to carry out the actions required by the user. The evaluation is carried out in terms of a battery of both subjective and objective metrics collected from speakers interacting with the Hi-Fi audio box through predefined scenarios. Defined metrics have been specifically adapted to measure: first, the usefulness and the actual relevance of the proposed solutions, and, secondly, their joint performance through their intelligent combination mainly measured as the level achieved with regard to the user satisfaction. A thorough and comprehensive study of the main differences between both approaches is presented. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests are also included to measure the effects of both: the system used and the type of scenario factors, simultaneously. Finally, the effect of bringing this flexibility, robustness and naturalness into our home dialogue system is also analyzed through the results obtained. These results show that the intelligence of our speech interface has been well perceived, highlighting its excellent ease of use and its good acceptance by users, therefore validating the approached dialogue management solutions and demonstrating that a more natural, flexible and robust dialogue is possible thanks to them. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
2010
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(2010): Artificial societies of intelligent agents. Virtual experiments of individual and social behavior. Saarbrücken: Lambert Academic Publishing
Abstract: In this book we use artificial societies to understand and simulate adaptive behaviour and social processes. We obtain this in three parallel ways: First, we present a behaviours production system capable of reproducing a high number of properties of adaptive behaviour and of exhibiting emergent lower cognition. Second, we introduce a simple model for social action, obtaining emergent complex social processes from simple interactions of imitation and induction of behaviours in agents. And third, we present our approximation to a behaviours virtual laboratory, integrating our behaviours production system and our social action model in virtual animats. Before presenting our proposals, we make an introduction to artificial intelligence and behaviour-based systems, and also we give notions of complex systems and artificial societies. Finally, we discuss about the role of adaptive behaviour for understanding cognition and its evolution.
Keywords: Artificial society, behaviour, Cognition, collective misbelief, engeneering, Favoriten, Gruppenverhalten / Joint Action, imitation of behaviour, intelligent agents, Kognitionswissenschaft/Social Sciences/Humanities, komplexe Systeme, Künstliche Intelligenz, Mensch-Technik-Relationen (MTR), Modelle/Theorien, Realtechnik, Reflexionen über MTR, social emergence, Social Simulation, Soziosensitive Systeme, Technik, Technikphilosophie -
(2010): A conceptual and computational model of moral decision making in human and artificial agents. In: Topics in cognitive science 2 (3), S. 454-485. DOI: 10.1111/j.1756-8765.2010.01095.x
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-8765.2010.01095.x Abstract: Recently, there has been a resurgence of interest in general, comprehensive models of human cognition. Such models aim to explain higher‐order cognitive faculties, such as deliberation and planning. Given a computational representation, the validity of these models can be tested in computer simulations such as software agents or embodied robots. The push to implement computational models of this kind has created the field of artificial general intelligence (AGI). Moral decision making is arguably one of the most challenging tasks for computational approaches to higher‐order cognition. The need for increasingly autonomous artificial agents to factor moral considerations into their choices and actions has given rise to another new field of inquiry variously known as Machine Morality, Machine Ethics, Roboethics, or Friendly AI. In this study, we discuss how LIDA, an AGI model of human cognition, can be adapted to model both affective and rational features of moral decision making. Using the LIDA model, we will demonstrate how moral decisions can be made in many domains using the same mechanisms that enable general decision making. Comprehensive models of human cognition typically aim for compatibility with recent research in the cognitive and neural sciences. Global workspace theory, proposed by the neuropsychologist Bernard Baars (1988), is a highly regarded model of human cognition that is currently being computationally instantiated in several software implementations. LIDA (Franklin, Baars, Ramamurthy, & Ventura, 2005) is one such computational implementation. LIDA is both a set of computational tools and an underlying model of human cognition, which provides mechanisms that are capable of explaining how an agent’s selection of its next action arises from bottom‐up collection of sensory data and top‐down processes for making sense of its current situation. We will describe how the LIDA model helps integrate emotions into the human decision‐making process, and we will elucidate a process whereby an agent can work through an ethical problem to reach a solution that takes account of ethically relevant factors. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
Keywords: artificial general intelligence, Artificial intelligence, Cognition, computational model, Computational modeling, Computer Simulation, conceptual model, Decision Making, global workspace theory, Humans, intelligent agents, machine ethics, Machine morality, MODELS, Moral & Ethik, moral decision making, Morality, Morals, Psychological 2004
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(2004) : Socially Intelligent Agents in Human Primate Culture In: Payr, Sabine; Trappl, Robert (Hg.): Agent culture: Human-agent interaction in a multicultural world: Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers, S. 45-71
Abstract: This chapter discusses socially intelligent agents (SIA) in the context of human culture. The first part of the chapter provides an introduction to SIA research and focuses on the issue of realism versus believability- namely, to what extent SIAs need to imitate behavior and appearance of humans. The lifelike agents hypothesis is analyzed in particular from the perspective of social robots. I give examples showing that with respect to realism less might be more. Mori’s ’uncanny valley’ analysis of believable robots is explained. It is shown that the issue of believability is particularly crucial for technology whose purpose is to change the behavior, attitudes, beliefs (or, more generally, minds) of humans, as it is the case for SIAs. Therefore, SIAs fall under the category of technology called persuasive technology. The second part of the chapter addresses primate cultures, their phylogenetic origins, and how human culture is grounded in and shaped by cognitive capacities that the human species have evolved. I suggest that these cognitive capacities are important to consider in the design of SIAs. The chapter concludes by discussing the possible role of SIAs in the evolution of human cultures. I argue that SIAs can play a role in preserving cultural diversity-a huge technological challenge, but a possibility to make SIA technology more humane by acknowledging the individual and cultural roots of people, rather than treating them as an increasingly homogeneous group of users. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved)
1999
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Goos, Gerhard; Hartmanis, Juris; van Leeuwen, Jan; Müller, Jörg P.; Rao, Anand S.; Singh, Munindar P. (Hg.) (1999): Intelligents agents V. Agent theories, architectures, and languages : 5th International Workshop, ATAL'98 : Paris, France, July 1998 : proceedings. Atal'98. New York: Springer (Lecture notes in computer science Lecture notes in artificial intelligence)
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