Alle Publikationen
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2018
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(2018): Die feinen Unterschiede. Kritik der gesellschaftlichen Urteilskraft. Unter Mitarbeit von Bernd Schwibs. 26. Auflage 2018. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp (Suhrkamp-Taschenbuch Wissenschaft)Keywords: Bourdieu, Bourdieus Habitustheorie, Einkommen / Beruf, Familiengeschichte, Favoriten, feine Unterschiede, Feld, Geschmack, Gestik/Mimik, Good manners, Habitus, Klasse, Kleidung, Körperhaltung, Macht, Modelle/Theorien, Rollen, Soziale Angemessenheit, Soziologie, Sprache, Status / biologische Marker
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(2018): A new look at the attribution of moral responsibility. The underestimated relevance of social roles. In: Philosophical Psychology 31 (4), S. 595-608. DOI: 10.1080/09515089.2018.1429592
Abstract: What are the main features that influence our attribution of moral responsibility? It is widely accepted that there are various factors which strongly influence our moral judgments, such as the agent’s intentions, the consequences of the action, the causal involvement of the agent, and the agent’s freedom and ability to do otherwise. In this paper, we argue that this picture is incomplete: We argue that social roles are an additional key factor that is radically underestimated in the extant literature. We will present an experiment to support this claim.
2017
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(2017): The phenomenology of self-presentation. Describing the structures of intercorporeality with Erving Goffman. In: Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences 16 (2), S. 237-254. DOI: 10.1007/s11097-015-9447-6
Abstract: Self-presentation is a term that indicates conscious and unconscious strategies for controlling or managing how one is perceived by others in terms of both appearance and comportment. In this article, I will discuss the phenomenology of self-presentation with respect to the phenomenological insights of Edmund Husserl and Merleau-Ponty regarding the visibility of the body within intercorporeal relations through 'behaviour' and 'expression.' In doing so, I will turn to the work of the Canadian sociologist and social theorist Erving Goffman. Goffman's account of self-presentation suggests why embodied subjects adopt certain styles of ordered bodily behaviour as determined by the broader social order, giving existential and social significance to the ontological structures of intercorporeal bodily communication. Following Goffman, I will suggest that the embodied subject is continuously-and constitutionally-engaged in implicit and explicit strategies to manage how the body is presented to others. In articulating self-presentation as a feature of intercorporeality, my aim in this article is to use Goffman's insights to extend Husserl's and Merleau-Ponty's accounts of bodily communication by demonstrating that bodily communication that is instantiated at the level of intercorporeality is always expressed through social life with its various historical, cultural and linguistic dimensions.
2016
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(2016): Let justice be done. A performative view on Portuguese criminal trial procedures. In: Communication and Critical/Cultural Studies 13 (4), S. 400-415. DOI: 10.1080/14791420.2016.1160137
Abstract: Based on fieldwork at criminal courts in the metropolitan area of Lisbon, the article examines the performativity of criminal justice. The written and unwritten rules of criminal trial procedures are analysed as judicial scripts that guide the “making” of Justice. The formalities of the criminal trial, like those that prescribe the correct behaviour of defendants in Portuguese courts, are tied to the liminality of their social standing and their betwixt-and-between position in the court and in society. Script compliance is discussed as a central element within the production of criminal justice. Finally, the article suggests a performative view of justice, drawing on Butler's ideas regarding the enactment and construction of notions of gender.
Keywords: Beeinflussung der Bewertung moralischer Urteile, Bewertung von sozialem Verhalten (/sozialer Angemessenheit), Body, criminal justice, criminal proceedings, Erwartungen, Kooperation, legal anthropology, performance, Portugal, Rechtswissenschaft, Rollen, script, script compliance, Situationsbedingter Kontext, Soziale Hierarchie, Soziale Klasse / Schicht, Sozialer Raum / Kultureller Kontext 2014
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(2014): The gentlemen's book of etiquette and manual of politeness. London: Hesperus Classics
Abstract: From advice on how to treat ladies, how to behave at a party, and rules for traveling abroad, this handy 19th-century guidebook will provide entertaining nuggets of wisdom. Ever wondered what to do in polite society if you find an insect in your food? Or how a gentleman should ask a lady to dance? And what on earth is the etiquette for smoking cigars? First published in 1860, this classic guide to gentlemanly behavior is a veritable mine of information and indispensable advice for aspiring gentlemen. No matter if a man finds himself at home, in the street, or in a place of amusement, he has but to leaf through this book to learn how best to behave, and indeed how not to behave. And if he can find time between his numerous invitations to balls and hunting parties, he could benefit from a perusal of the sections on gentlemanly deportment and conversational technique. Not forgetting, of course, the all-important advice on how to treat ladies, surely an integral part of any true gentleman's training.
Keywords: Etiquette for men, Gestik/Mimik, Good manners, Historiographie, History of manners, Kultur, manners, REFERENCE, Regelwerke, Rollen, Selbstdisziplin/-kontrolle, Situationsbedingter Kontext, Soziale Angemessenheit, Soziale Klasse / Schicht, Sozialer Raum / Kultureller Kontext, Sprachgebrauch, Umgangsformen, Werte -
(2014): Managing subjects, manufacturing citizens. Picturing sites of social control in nineteenth-century America. In: Early Popular Visual Culture 12 (2), S. 104-126. DOI: 10.1080/17460654.2014.923160
Abstract: This article examines structures of social control that became institutionalized in the United States in the 1870s and 1880s. In particular, it examines how key philanthropic and penal institutions within New York City, including the school, workhouse and prison, were represented in the illustrated popular press as sites for both controlling and training an industrializing workforce. Examining how the language of scientific management seeped into the social realm, this essay argues that visual representations of these sites helped to reinforce normative middle-class ideals about education, work and punishment. Examining the ways that artists interpreted and framed these sites for a group of primarily middle-class viewers and readers, this essay argues that social systems helped to construct an ideal, imagined citizen who is, first and foremost, an efficient worker. The purpose of these institutions was, in main part, to teach their inmates to labor and to replicate the state apparatus by maintaining social order. This article also deals with the increasingly structured and professional implementation of education and social work during the years leading up to the Progressive Era.
Keywords: Bildsemantik, education, Identitätsstiftung, Kulturtechnik, Kunst, Kunstgeschichte, labor, Rollen, social control, Social Rank, social systems, Soziale Klasse / Schicht, Soziale Ordnung, United States, Vergangenheit / Erziehung, visual culture, Vorurteile, Zuschreiben einer erwarteten Rolle 2012
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(2012): Human hierarchies. A general theory. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publ
Abstract: Human beings are hierarchical animals. Always and everywhere, people have developed social ranking systems. These differ dramatically in how they are organized, but the underlying causal mechanisms that create and sustain them are the same. Whether they are on the top or bottom of the heap, people attempt to be superior to some other persons or group. This is the root of Melvyn L. Fein’s thesis presented in Human Hierarchies: A General Theory. Fein traces the development of changes from hunter-gatherer times to our own techno-commercial society. In moving from small to large communities, humans went from face-to-face contests for superiority to more anonymous and symbolic ones. Societies evolved from hunting bands where the parties knew each other through big-men societies, chieftainships, agrarian empires, patronage chains, caste societies, estate systems, and market-oriented democracies. Where once small groupings were organized primarily by strong forces such as personal relationships, the now standard large groupings are more dependent on weaker forces such as those provided by social roles. Bureaucracies and professional roles have become prominent. Bureaucracies allow large-scale organizations to maintain control of people by limiting the potential destructiveness of unregulated tests of strength and by clarifying chains of command. Their rigidity and unresponsiveness requires that they be supplemented by professional roles. At the same time, a proliferation of self-motivated experts delegate authority downward, thereby introducing a more flexible decentralization. This analysis is a unique and significant advance in both the sociology and anthropology of stratification among humans.
2011
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(2011) : Anthropomorphism And Social Robots: Setting Etiquette Expectations In: Hayes, Caroline C.; Miller, Christopher Allan (Hg.): Human-computer etiquette: Cultural expectations and the design implications they place on computers and technology: Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC Press, S. 231-262
Abstract: [-]
Keywords: Anthropomorphisierung, doppelter Treffer, Emotionen, Erwartungen, Etikette, Etiquette as rules of expectation, Favoriten, frames, Gestik/Mimik, Konversationskonventionen als Etikette-Erwartungen, Mensch-Technik-Relationen (MTR), Mensch-Technische Systeme, Modelle/Theorien, Observablen/Kriterien für sozial angemessenes Verhalten und dessen Bewertung, Ohne Abstract oder Text, Realtechnik, Roboter, Rollen, Situationsbedingter Kontext, Sozial Intelligente Agenten, Soziale Angemessenheit, Soziale Robotik, Sozialer Raum / Kultureller Kontext, Soziosensitive Systeme, Status / biologische Marker, Technik 2010
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(2010): Evaluation eines Trainings zur Förderung sozialer Kompetenzen von Auszubildenden. In: Zeitschrift für Arbeits- und Organisationspsychologie A&O 54 (4), S. 182-191. DOI: 10.1026/0932-4089/a000032
Abstract: This paper discusses approaches to promote social competence in the context of vocational training and presents a training program for apprentices. The proposed training intervention addresses issues concerning communication and cooperation and encompasses several teamwork exercises as well as role-playing exercises in order to foster the apprentices' skills. Furthermore, an integrated workshop with apprenticeship supervisors aims to improve role clarity of the trainees. The training intervention was evaluated within a longitudinal design with one pretest and two posttest assessments (N = 45). The results reveal that the training contributes to improvements of knowledge and role clarity. We also found specific effects on the improvement of social competence. In particular, a higher improvement of knowledge and role clarity is associated with higher levels of social competence. Overall, the study shows that improving the conditions of social competence, i.e., knowledge and role clarity, are critical factors for the promotion of social competence.
Keywords: Ausbildung, Disziplin, Erziehung, Erziehungswissenschaften, Lehrling/Young professional, Postkasten, Psychologie, Rollen, Situationsbedingter Kontext, social competence training, social competences, Soziale Angemessenheit, Sozialkompetenz, Status / biologische Marker, SV, Verhalten am Arbeitsplatz, Verhalten in der Gruppe 1997
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(1997): Autour de la notion de manuel. In: Romantisme 27 (96), S. 17-29. DOI: 10.3406/roman.1997.3203
Abstract: Englischer Titel laut WoS: Good manners and politeness manuals from the Middle Ages to the present Français L'article étudie l'apparition et la signification du mot manuel dans la bibliographie française des ouvrages consacrés à la politesse et au savoir-vivre du Moyen Age à nos jours. La lutte « arme au poing » est au cœur de la définition du mot, du Manuel d'Epictète au Poignard du soldat chrétien d'Erasme. Avant le début du XIXe siècle, le mot apparaît peu, mais, dès 1820, il correspond à un ouvrage pratique, à la portée de tous, laïcisé, relevant d'un domaine précis. Cette importance correspond aux nouvelles exigences sociales : l'homme du monde est un nouveau militant qui lutte, arme au poing, pour être reconnu par les autres et accepté dans le monde. English: This paper aims to define when the word manuel first appeared, what it means in the bibliography of French literature primarily concerned with politness and good manners, from the Middle Ages to this day. The original notion is that of a fight with an armed hand, a widespread notion from Epictetus's Manuel to Erasmus's the Christian fighter's dagger. There is little mention of the word until the early 19th-century. But as early as 1820, it applies to a volume meant for practical usage, easily readable, no longer serving religious purposes and dealing with a specific field of interest. An important function born of society's new requirements. To day 's, new man of action is armed with a manuel and he fights to gain acceptance and recognition from his fellow creatures.
1983
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(1983): The Interaction Order. In: American Sociological Review 48 (1), S. 1-17. DOI: 10.2307/2095141
Abstract: [book review] Abstract of the reviewed publication: For an evening's hour, it is given to each current president of the Association to hold captive the largest audience of colleagues that sociology can provide. For an hour then, within the girdle of these walls, a wordy pageantry is reenacted. A sociologist you have selected from a very short list takes to the center of this vasty Hilton field on a hobbyhorse of his own choosing. (One is reminded that the sociologically interesting thing about Hamlet is that every year no high school in the English-speaking world has trouble finding some clown to play him.) In any case, it seems that presidents of learned societies are well enough known about something to be elected because of it. Taking office, they find a podium attached, along with encouragement to demonstrate that they are indeed obsessed by what their election proved they were already known to be obsessed by. Election winds them up and sets them loose to set their record straight: they rise above restraint and replay it. For Association presidents are led to feel that they are representative of something, and that this something is just what their intellectual community wants represented and needs representing. Preparing and then presenting their addresses, presidents come to feel that they are temporarily guardians of their discipline. However large or oddly shaped the hall, their self swells out to fill it. Nor do narrow disciplinary concerns set limits. Whatever the public issues of the day, the speaker's discipline is shown to have incisive bearing on them. Moreover, the very occasion seems to make presidential speakers dangerously at one with themselves; warmed by the celebration they give without stint, sidetracking their prepared address with parenthetical admissions, obirer dicta, ethical and- political asides and other medallions of belief. And once again there occurs that special flagrancy of high office: the indulgence of selfcongratulation in public. What this dramaturgy is supposed to bring is flesh to bones, confronting the reader's image of a person with the lively impression created when the words come from a body not a page. What this dramaturgy puts at risk is the remaining illusions listeners have concerning their profession. Take comfort, my friends, that although you are once again to witness the passion of the podium, ours is the discipline, the model of analysis, for which ceremonies are data as well as duty, for which talk provides conduct to observe as well as opinion to consider. Indeed, one might want to argue that the interesting matter for all of us here (as all of us know) is not what I will come to say, but what you are doing here listening to me saying it.
1982
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(1982): Die feinen Unterschiede. Kritik der gesellschaftlichen Urteilskraft. 1. Auflage. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp VerlagKeywords: Bourdieus Habitustheorie, Einkommen / Beruf, Familiengeschichte, Favoriten, Frankreich, Geschmack, Geschmack <Ästhet.>, Gesellschaftsordnung, Gestik/Mimik, Habitus, Kapitalismus, Kleidung, Körperhaltung, Kultur, Kultursoziologie, Macht, Modelle/Theorien, Observablen/Kriterien für sozial angemessenes Verhalten und dessen Bewertung, Rollen, Soziale Angemessenheit, Soziale Klasse, Soziale Schicht, Soziale Schichtung, sozialer Status, Soziales Prestige, Status / biologische Marker
1978
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Goody, Esther N. (1978): Questions and politeness. Strategies in social interaction. 1. Aufl.. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Abstract: These essays, by anthropologists and anthropological linguists, draw on material from speech communities in three continents to raise fundamental questions about the ways in which interrogative and politeness forms are used in day-to-day social interaction. The authors suggest that interrogative and politeness forms have universal features which make them efficient for certain strategies of interaction. Why should these strategies constantly recur? Here the focus shifts to the consideration of status and power, social roles and social distance. Esther Goody looks at the way in whichy the institutionalization of questioning allows only for speech acts consistent with status differences. Brown and Levinson claim that speech acts are potentially threatening to those being addressed, and that politeness forms have evolved as a mechanism for reducing such threats. They analyse the conditions under which politeness forms will be used and show that their findings are consistent with data drawn from India, Mexico and the US.
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