Alle Publikationen
2011
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(2011): The Effect of a Music Therapy Social Skills Training Program on Improving Social Competence in Children and Adolescents with Social Skills Deficits. In: JOURNAL OF MUSIC THERAPY 48 (4), S. 440-462
Abstract: Three separate studies were conducted in school, residential and after-school care settings to test the effectiveness of a music therapy-based social skills intervention program on improving social competence in children and adolescents. A total of 45 children (n = 12; n = 13; n = 20) aged 6-17 years with social skills deficits participated in a group-based five session intervention program. The same curriculum, adapted to be age appropriate, was used at all 3 sites. Specific deficits within the social skills areas of peer relations and seff-management skills were targeted. Active interventions like music performance, movement to music and improvisation were used. Cognitive-behavioral techniques like modeling, feedback, transfer training and problem solving were also incorporated. Data on social functioning were collected before, during; and after the music therapy intervention from participants, appropriate adult personnel and via behavioral observations. Results indicated that significant improvements in social functioning were found in (a) school participant pre and post self-ratings, (b) researcher pre and post ratings of school participants, (c) case manager's pre and post treatment ratings for the residential participants, (d) after-school care participants' pre and post self-ratings, and (e) behavioral observations at all three settings. Additional changes, although not significant, were noted in teacher ratings, residential participant self- and peer ratings, and after-school case manager ratings. Results from these studies suggest that the music therapy intervention was effective in improving social competence in children and adolescents with social deficits. More research is warranted to provide additional guidance about the use of music therapy interventions to improve social functioning.
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(2011): Mapping the moral domain. In: Journal of personality and social psychology 101 (2), S. 366-385. DOI: 10.1037/a0021847
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/a0021847 Abstract: The moral domain is broader than the empathy and justice concerns assessed by existing measures of moral competence, and it is not just a subset of the values assessed by value inventories. To fill the need for reliable and theoretically grounded measurement of the full range of moral concerns, we developed the Moral Foundations Questionnaire on the basis of a theoretical model of 5 universally available (but variably developed) sets of moral intuitions: Harm/Care, Fairness/Reciprocity, Ingroup/Loyalty, Authority/Respect, and Purity/Sanctity. We present evidence for the internal and external validity of the scale and the model, and in doing so we present new findings about morality: (a) Comparative model fitting of confirmatory factor analyses provides empirical justification for a 5-factor structure of moral concerns; (b) convergent/discriminant validity evidence suggests that moral concerns predict personality features and social group attitudes not previously considered morally relevant; and (c) we establish pragmatic validity of the measure in providing new knowledge and research opportunities concerning demographic and cultural differences in moral intuitions. These analyses provide evidence for the usefulness of Moral Foundations Theory in simultaneously increasing the scope and sharpening the resolution of psychological views of morality.
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(2011) : 'First order' and 'second order' politeness: Institutional and interciltural contexts: Discursive approaches to politeness: Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton, S. 167-188
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(2011): Effects of Prosocial Media on Social Behavior. In: Current Directions in Psychological Science 20 (4), S. 251-255. DOI: 10.1177/0963721411415229
DOI: http://cdp.sagepub.com/ Abstract: Summarized current theoretical and empirical research about the effect of media containing prosocial content and its effects on cognition, affect and behavior. While most studies have focused on violence in the media and addressed concerns about the promotion of aggressiveness, this author seeks to provide information from a different perspective. Study results which show that a prosocial content promotes empathy and helping behavior and/or reduces aggressive thoughts and affect are cited. Research indicates that exposure to prosocial video games increases prosocial outcomes. Studies showed that even neutral content video games were shown to decrease aggressive thoughts and behavior. Music with prosocial lyrics was shown to promote empathic reactions and actually reduce state hostility and aggressive behavior. The general learning model (GLM), which attempts to explain the underlying mechanisms for these reactions, is discussed and recommended as a useful framework. The author calls for further research to clarify the circumstances and the variables (cognitive or affective) which elicit these behavioral reactions.
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(2011) : I'll keep an eye on you: Home robot companion for elderly people with cognitive impairment: IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC), 2011: 9-12 Oct. 2011, Anchorage, Alaska, USA ; conference proceedings ; [including workshop papers]: EEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics (IEEE SMC); Annual Workshop on Brain-Machine Interfaces; Workshop on Robust Machine Learning Technologies for Human Activity Detection Using Body-Worn Sensors: 2011 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics - SMC: Anchorage, AK, USA: 10/9/2011 - 10/12/2011: Piscataway, NJ: IEEE, S. 2481-2488
Abstract: The paper gives an overview of the progress in developing a socially assistive home robot companion for elderly people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) living alone at home. The spectrum of required assistive functionalities of such a robot companion is broad and reaches from reminding functions (e.g. taking medication or drinking) and cognitive stimulation exercises, via mobile videophony with relatives or caregivers, up to the detection and evaluation of critical situations, like falls. The paper is addressing several aspects of our work as part of the European FP7 project “CompanionAble”, as for example the developed robot hardware and its software and control architecture, the implemented skills for robust user detection and tracking and user-centered navigation in the home environment, and reports on already conducted and still ongoing functionality testings and pending usability studies with the end-user target groups (the elderly, relatives, caregivers).
Keywords: Alltag, assistive robotics, Cameras, cognitive stimulation exercise, CompanionAble project, CONTROL ARCHITECTURE, elderly people, Gesundheit, handicapped aids, home automation, ieee xplore, mild cognitive impairment, Mobile robots, mobile videophony, Navigation, robot control architecture, Robot kinematics, Robot navigation, Robot vision systems, robust user detection, socially assistive robot companion, Software, user observation, user-centered navigation, videotelephony -
(2011): Processing social participation. An event-related brain potential study. In: Neuroreport 22 (9), S. 453-458. DOI: 10.1097/WNR.0b013e3283476b67
DOI: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21558970 Abstract: We examined the electrophysiological correlates of the processing of social exclusion and inclusion by using a modified version of the Cyberball paradigm. Exclusion was found to be associated with a significant increase in the P3 complex. The frontal-central P3a was primarily related to the affective processing of rejection, whereas the late parietal P3b was associated with its perceived intensity. The expression of P3a and negative mood did also depend on the earlier experience; earlier inclusion affected the processing of exclusion, and vice versa. In conclusion, our data indicate that the complex process of social rejection can be tracked by using event-related brain potentials.
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(2011) : Politechnology: Manners Maketh Machine In: Hayes, Caroline C.; Miller, Christopher Allan (Hg.): Human-computer etiquette: Cultural expectations and the design implications they place on computers and technology: Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC Press, S. 351-362
Abstract: There is an old English saying that "Manners maketh man." The original quotation is attributed to William of Wykeham and is a simple aphorism that acknowledges the tacit assumption that for human beings to live and thrive collectively, there must be a degree of formalization about their social intercourse. Although the bedrock of such mutual behavior would seem to be the law, our actual sharing of common assumptions goes much deeper. For we must all learn the social conventions first through the mediation of perception, the beginnings of language, and subsequently complex conventions and naming processes. These capabilities are assimilated at our parents' feet. They are the very stuff of maturation, and although the precise conventions are highly culturally bound, the learning process itself cuts across all human experience. Now, into our diverse human cultures come potentially intelligent machines. And in respect of their growth and maturation, we can ask two critical questions. First, to what degree do these nascent centers of intentionality and potential consciousness need to adhere to the principles of human social intercourse? Second, and equally as important, do these machine have a collective of their own which now bestrides all human cultures? If they do, to what degree do they act on us as agents of convergent human cultural evolution? In asking these questions we also have to face the logical antithesis to all human-centered technological approaches, viz, should machines necessarily be made to behave according to human-centered rules? Is this their best mode of organization? Although the latter query might be antithetical heresy to those imbued with the spirit of human factors, it is a proposition we should always be obliged to consider. Overall, this a rather daunting set of issues to face, and so let us decompose the challenges they present so that we can consider them in their various component parts.
Keywords: doppelter Treffer, Etikette, Etiquette, Favoriten, Höflichkeit, Interaktionspartner, Konventionen, Mensch oder Maschine, Mensch-Maschine-Kommunikation, Mensch-Technik-Interaktion, Mensch-Technik-Relationen (MTR), Mensch-Technische Systeme, Politeness, Potential independence of machine rules of behavior from human rules of behavior, Realtechnik, Sozial Intelligente Agenten, Soziale Robotik, Soziosensitive Systeme, Technik, Umgangsformen, Volltreffer, Voraussetzungen für sozial angemessenes Verhalten -
(2011): Kultur und Kulturwissenschaft. Eine Einführung. 4., vollständig überarbeitete Auflage. Tübingen; Basel: A. Francke Verlag
Abstract: Kultur und Kulturwissenschaft (1. Auflage 1995) konnte zum „Standardwerk“ (Jürgen Bolten) aufrücken, weil es verwirrende Komplexität entwirrte und eine Schneise durch den Dschungel der Terminologien schlug. Ohne Jargon erklärt das Buch in einfacher Sprache und mit Hilfe anschaulicher Beispiele die Grundlagen von Kultur. Darin ist es bis heute konkurrenzlos. Die 4. Auflage wurde stark aktualisiert und in Teilen neu konzipiert. Als Träger der Kultur wurde das Kollektiv in den Mittelpunkt gerückt, da es Qualitäten besitzt, die dem Kulturbegriff abgehen: Kollektivität kann Dynamik, Differenz und Wandel erklären. Wenn von den Kulturwissenschaftlern immer lauter ein Paradigmenwechsel gefordert wird, ist er in diesem Buch auf verblüffend einfache Weise vollzogen.
Keywords: Kulturtheorie, Kulturwissenschaften -
(2011) : Creation and Evaluation of emotion expression with body movement, sound and eye color for humanoid robots: 2011 RO-MAN: 2011 RO-MAN: Georgia, USA: IEEE, S. 204-209
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ROMAN.2011.6005263 Abstract: The ability to display emotions is a key feature in human communication and also for robots that are expected to interact with humans in social environments. For expressions based on Body Movement and other signals than facial expressions, like Sound, no common grounds have been established so far. Based on psychological research on human expression of emotions and perception of emotional stimuli we created eight different expressional designs for the emotions Anger, Sadness, Fear and Joy, consisting of Body Movements, Sounds and Eye Colors. In a large pre-test we evaluated the recognition ratios for the different expressional designs. In our main experiment we separated the expressional designs into their single cues (Body Movement, Sound, Eye Color) and evaluated their expressivity. The detailed view at the perception of our expressional cues, allowed us to evaluate the appropriateness of the stimuli, check our implementations for flaws and build a basis for systematical revision. Our analysis revealed that almost all Body Movements were appropriate for their target emotion and that some of our Sounds need a revision. Eye Colors could be identified as an unreliable component for emotional expression.
Keywords: Analysis of Variance, Angemessen(heit) (von Technik), anger emotion, Body Movement, Color, emotion expression, eye color, fear emotion, human communication, Humanoid Robots, Humans, ieee xplore, Image color analysis, joy emotion, Manipulators, Mobile robots, Particle measurements, sadness emotion -
(2011): Beastly. What Makes Animal Metaphors Offensive?. In: Journal of Language and Social Psychology 30 (3), S. 311-325. DOI: 10.1177/0261927X11407168
Abstract: Animal metaphors convey a wide range of meanings, from insulting slurs to expressions of love. Two studies examined factors contributing to the offensiveness of these metaphors. Study 1 examined 40 common metaphors, finding that their meanings were diverse but centered on depravity, disagreeableness, and stupidity. Their offensiveness was predicted by the revulsion felt toward the animal and by the dehumanizing view of the target that it implied. Study 2 examined contextual factors in metaphor use, finding that the offensiveness of animal metaphors varies with the tone of their expression and the gender and in-group/out-group status of their targets. These variations influence offensiveness by altering the extent to which the target is ascribed animalistic properties.
Keywords: time -
(2011): What Korean apologies require of politeness theory. In: Journal of Pragmatics 43 (5), S. 1303-1317. DOI: 10.1016/j.pragma.2010.10.028
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2010.10.028 Abstract: This paper examines a corpus of Korean apologies to discover why a person apologizes and why they choose the form of apology that they do. It argues for an abstracted, generalized politeness1 model (Locher and Watts, 2005; Watts, 2003) in which politeness work in Korean is primarily concerned with relationship construction (Arundale, 2006; Haugh, 2007c; Matsumoto, 1988). This will involve both a notion of face, conceived as a psychological, acquired construct, and a set of frames (Terkourafi, 2005) that do not directly reference face. To arrive at this theoretical point, the paper begins by examining the social factors that influence choices in apology forms as predicted by Brown and Levinson (1987). Brown and Levinson’s model accurately predicts the relevance of many factors in form selection in Korean, such as relative power, social distance, and the severity of the act. However, the model itself is not an accurate model for Korean even in high abstraction. Instead of choosing a strategy based upon the weight of a face-threatening act, Koreans actively manage and create expectations for behavior in a relationship. Some expectations will resemble classic positive and negative face issues, while others will more directly reference culture-specific roles or common events.
Keywords: Angesicht, Apologies, Brown and Levinson's model, Distanz, Disziplin, Entschuldigung, Entschuldigungsforschung, Ernsthaftigkeit einer Situation, Erwartungen, Face, frames, Gesichtswahrung, Höflichkeit, Höflichkeitsforschung, Interaktionspartner, Korean, Kultur, Kulturelle Normen, Kulturspezifizität, Kulturtheorie, Linguistik, Macht, Politeness, Situationsbedingter Kontext, Sociolinguistics, Soziale Angemessenheit, Soziale Distanz, Soziale Hierarchie, Sozialer Abstand, Sprachgebrauch -
Hauser, Stuart T.; Prinstein, Mitchell J. (Hg.) (2011): Encyclopedia of Adolescence. Burlington: Elsevier Science
Abstract: The period of adolescence involves growth, adaptation, and dramatic reorganization in almost every aspect of social and psychological development. The Encyclopedia of Adolescence offers an exhaustive and comprehensive review of current theory and research findings pertaining to this critical decade of life. Leading scientists offer accessible and easily readable reviews of biological, social, educational, occupational, and cultural factors that shape adolescent development. Issues in normative development, individual differences, and psychopathology/maladjustment are reviewed. Over 130 chapte
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(2011) : Human-Computer Etiquette: Should Computers Be Polite? In: Hayes, Caroline C.; Miller, Christopher Allan (Hg.): Human-computer etiquette: Cultural expectations and the design implications they place on computers and technology: Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC Press, S. 1-14
Abstract: We argue that etiquette is not only relevant for understanding interactions between people and computers, it is essential if we are to design computer assistants that can work effectively and productively with people (Miller, 2000; 2004). Regardless of whether computers are designed to exhibit etiquette, human users may interpret their behavior as polite or rude. However, we first need to understand more about what etiquette is in human interactions, and what is its function. How do we view computers? And what is their role in our society?
Keywords: Computers, doppelter Treffer, Etikette, Favoriten, Höflichkeit, Human-Computer Etiquette, Mensch-Technik-Interaktion, Mensch-Technik-Relationen (MTR), Mensch-Technische Systeme, Modelle/Theorien, Politeness, Realtechnik, Sozial Intelligente Agenten, Soziale Angemessenheit, Soziale Robotik, Soziosensitive Systeme, Technik, Volltreffer -
Hayes, Caroline C.; Miller, Christopher Allan (Hg.) (2011): Human-computer etiquette. Cultural expectations and the design implications they place on computers and technology. Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC Press. Online verfügbar unter http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=354637
Abstract: Written by experts from various fields, this edited collection explores a wide range of issues pertaining to how computers evoke human social expectations. The book illustrates how socially acceptable conventions can strongly impact the effectiveness of human-computer interactions and how to consider such norms in the design of human-computer interfaces. Providing a complete introduction to the design of social responses to computers, the text emphasizes the value of social norms in the development of usable and enjoyable technology. It also describes the role of socially correct behavior in t
Keywords: Angemessenheit, Aufsatzsammlung, Aufsatzsammlungen, Computers, COMPUTERS / Social Aspects / Human-Computer Interaction, doppelter Treffer, Etikette, Etiquette, Höflichkeit, Human-Computer Etiquette, Human-computer interaction, Klassiker, Mensch-Maschine-Schnittstelle, Mensch-Technik-Interaktion, Mensch-Technik-Relationen (MTR), Mensch-Technische Systeme, Modelle/Theorien, Online-Publikation, Realtechnik, Sammelband, Social aspects, Sozial Intelligente Agenten, Soziale Angemessenheit, Soziale Robotik, Soziosensitive Systeme, Technik, User interfaces (Computer systems), Volltreffer -
(2011) : Analytical Sociology and Theories of the Middle Range In: Bearman, Peter; Hedström, Peter (Hg.): The Oxford Handbook of Analytical Sociology: Oxford, England: Oxford University Press, S. 25-50
Abstract: This article locates analytic sociology in the Mertonian tradition of middle-range theory, which focuses on partial explanation of phenomena observed in different social domains through identification of core causal mechanisms. Robert K. Merton was one of the most important figures in twentieth-century sociology. He wrote on a wide range of topics, including bureaucracy, deviance, mass communications, professions, social stratification, and the sociology of science, paying attention to the consolidation and codification of existing sociological theories. His theoretical agenda has much in common with that of contemporary analytical sociology. This article begins with an overview of Merton’s middle-range theory, followed by a discussion of the micro-macro relationship. It then considers Merton’s arguments regarding social dynamics, along with his theories of self-fulfilling prophecies and the Matthew effect. It also explains different kinds of middle-range theories and concludes by stressing the importance of developing theories with sufficient causal depth.
Keywords: Youssef, Ramy -
(2011) : Intuition und/oder Wissen: zur Bedeutung heuristischer Modelle in der interkulturellen Kommunikationsforschung In: Bosse, Elke; Kress, Beatrix; Schlickau, Stephan (Hg.): Methodische Vielfalt in der Erforschung interkultureller Kommunikation an deutschen Hochschulen: Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang, S. 81-101
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Hinds, Pamela (2011): Proceedings of the ACM 2011 conference on Computer supported cooperative work. ACM Special Interest Group on Computer-Human Interaction. New York, NY: ACM
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(2011): Towards Social Robots. Designing an Emotion-Based Architecture. In: International Journal of Social Robotics 3 (3), S. 273-290. DOI: 10.1007/s12369-010-0087-2
Abstract: Service and assistant robots operating in "real world" become more and more important for everyday life. Requirements like social intelligence, social interaction, and social behavior are of enormous importance. Researchers agree that the realization of emotions for a robot is one of the most important steps on the way towards social robots. Still, an open question in robotics is how to model emotion in a way that all its functions are realized. In this paper an emotion-based architecture is presented. The architecture supports the implementation of the five functions of emotion, namely: regulative function, selective function, expressive function, motivational function, and rating function. Scalability, perceptibility, and parameterability are also considered as design features. As basis for the proposed architecture, psychological emotion and motivation theories are used. The derived control architecture is implemented using a behavior-based approach, in order to realize a modular extensible system design. The developed architecture is tested on the humanoid robot ROMAN.
Keywords: Angepasstheit der Maschine an Nutzerbedürfnisse, Design, emotion, Emotionserkennung, expressive function, Favoriten, Five functions of emotion model, functions of emotion, Ingenieurswissenschaft, Interaktionspartner, Mensch oder Maschine, Mensch-Technik-Relationen (MTR), motivational function, parameterability, perceptibility, rating function, Realtechnik, regulative function, scalability, selective function, Serviceroboter, Soziale Robotik, Technik - The template for the reference type "InterviewMaterial" does not exist
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(2011): Dimensionalizing Cultures: The Hofstede Model in Context. In: Online Readings in Psychology and Culture 2 (1). DOI: 10.9707/2307-0919.1014
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(2011): The Current State of Normative Agent-Based Systems. In: Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation 14 (2). DOI: 10.18564/jasss.1750
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(2011): Verhaltenskoordination, Mimikry und sprachbegleitende Gestik in der Interaktion. In: Psychotherapie Wissenschaft 1 (1), S. 56-64
Abstract: This article provides a summary of some of the key findings in behavior coordination, including both verbal and nonverbal coordination. Subsequently, the author gives a short introduction to the phenomenon of co-speech gesture. She then describes behavior coordination in the gestural modality. The focus is on a recent experimental study on gestural mimicry by the author and her collaborator and the functions it may serve in conversational interaction. The final part of the article maps out how these findings may be relevant to currently on-going and future research on gesture in health-related and clinical contexts. Ergebnisse im Bereich der Verhaltenskoordinationsforschung (fur verbales und nonverbales Verhalten) werden zusammengefasst und eine kurze Einfuhrung zum Phanomen der sprachbegleitenden Gestik wird gegeben. Dann wird die Verhaltenskoordination in der gestlichen Modalitat besprochen. Dabei wird Bezug genommen auf eine Studie der Autorin und ihrer Mitarbeiterin zur gestlichen Mimikry und assoziierten Funktionen in der Interaktion. Der letzte Teil des Artikels bezieht sich auf die potentielle Relevanz dieser Ergebnisse fur momentan laufende und zukunftige Studien zur Gestik in gesundheitsbezogenen und klinischen Kontexten.
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(2011): Emotional Reflexivity in Contemporary Friendships. Understanding it Using Elias and Facebook Etiquette. In: Sociological Research Online 16 (1), S. 1-12. DOI: 10.5153/sro.2292
Abstract: The popular social networking site Facebook has become a part of millions of people's everyday lives. In order to help people navigate the friendships they form and maintain on Facebook there are many websites offering advice about etiquette. This advice, and responses to it, can help reveal how contemporary emotional expression is organised, especially as it relates to friendship. This paper critically adapts the approach of other sociologists such as Norbert Elias, and Cas Wouters who have used etiquette and advice books to explore social changes in emotionality. Using online advice about Facebook etiquette, it is argued that there is uncertainty about the degree of emotional closeness appropriate for friendships in contemporary life, especially where there are status differences. It is difficult to know how to feel and how to behave within the relational complexity of contemporary life. In particular, expanded definitions of friendship form part of this complexity which promotes and requires an 'emotionalisation of reflexivity'.
Keywords: book on etiquette, Disziplin, Elias, Etikette, Etikette als Herrschaftssicherung, Facebook, Favoriten, Freundschaft, Mensch-Technik-Relationen (MTR), Modelle/Theorien, Ratgeber, Reputation, Ruf, Status, Soziale Angemessenheit, Sozialer Wandel der Emotionalität, Soziologie, Spannungsfeld von Freundschaft und Statusunterschieden, Technik -
(2011): Die technologische Bedingung : Beiträge zur Beschreibung der technischen Welt. Online verfügbar unter https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/d0d48d5dd5934bd1125a92fa9809e3da8cc4afc2Keywords: Technikphilosophie
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(2011): Young Diplomats’ Socialization to the Networked Professional Cultures of Their Workplace Communities. In: VOCATIONS AND LEARNING 4 (3), S. 253-273
Abstract: The purpose of the present investigation was to examine young diplomats' socialization to the professional expert culture of the Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland over a six-month on-job training period, as part of their preparation for service in the diplomatic corps. Using social network analysis, we analyzed departments' internal social structures, prevailing social relations, and the young diplomats' role and position in the networks of knowledge acquisition, practical know-how, and professional collaboration. Data collected by contextual event sampling and theme interviews and analyzed by qualitative content analysis were used to characterize the young diplomats' personal social support networks, resources obtained, as well as associated reflections regarding their functioning in and socialization to the departmental workplace community. The results indicated that across the six-month training period, the young diplomats became involved to the workplace communities' networked expertise and were socialized to its expert culture, even if their achieved networking positions differed. The results revealed differences between levels of collective operational practices in the workplace communities as well as the nature of assignments in which the young diplomats participated and for which they were responsible. It was proposed that these differences mirrored distinction between expansive natures of young diplomats' workplace communities as learning environments.