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2018
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(2018): Nunchi, a Korean value of social intelligence, and its relationships to emotional intelligence, psychological functioning, and interpersonal problems. ProQuest Information & Learning, US.
Abstract: Nunchi, a foundational Korean indigenous cultural value, refers to one's ability to evaluate social situations and understand others' intentions and emotions through implicit cues. Although Nunchi is an important consideration when implementing culturally sensitive interventions and research, it has only recently started to be empirically explored (Kim, Kim, & Kelly, 2006; Heo, Park, & Kim, 2012). The current study attempted to validate the measurement model of the Nunchi Scale with Korean American and Caucasian American samples. In addition, the current study examined Nunchi's relationships to similar Western concepts such as social and emotional intelligence, and to diverse aspects of interpersonal and psychological functioning, separately for Korean American and Caucasian American samples. The role of the level of adherence to Asian cultural values in the relationship between Nunchi and emotional intelligence among Korean Americans was also examined. The sample comprised of 102 Korean Americans and 241 Caucasian Americans. Participants completed measures of Asian cultural values, Nunchi, social intelligence, emotional intelligence, satisfaction with life, subjective happiness, psychological distress, and interpersonal problems. A confirmatory factor analysis did not provide evidence to support the measurement model of the Nunchi Scale, but suggested the need to delete two items. Furthermore, results indicated that Nunchi is related to social and emotional intelligence. On the contrary to hypothesized predictions, the level of adherence to Asian cultural values did not moderate the relationship between Nunchi and emotional intelligence among Korean Americans. Similarly, ethnicity did not moderate the relationship between Nunchi and (a) emotional intelligence, (b) psychological functioning, and (c) interpersonal problems. Results indicated that Nunchi is positively related to psychological functioning and negatively related to interpersonal problems for both Korean Americans and Caucasian Americans. Ethnicity only moderated the relationship between the Nunchi-Interpersonal Awareness subscale and the Attention to Feelings subscale of emotional intelligence. Post hoc analyses were conducted to examine social and emotional intelligence as mediators, and found social intelligence as a stronger mediator for Korean Americans as compared to emotional intelligence as a stronger mediator for Caucasian Americans. A direct positive relationship of Nunchi on psychological distress among Korean Americans was also found in the mediation model. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved)
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