Alle Publikationen
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2010
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(2010) : Reasoning, Moral and Social In: Peterson, Penelope: International encyclopedia of education: 3. ed.: Amsterdam: Elsevier, S. 279-284
Abstract: Significant changes occur from early childhood through adolescence in the ways that individuals engage in social and moral reasoning. Moral reasoning refers to considerations of justice, others' welfare, and rights. Social reasoning includes social-conventional reasoning about customs, conventions, etiquette, as well as psychological reasoning about autonomy, individuality, and personal choice. The historical background of moral and social reasoning is described, including short descriptions of the stage-oriented research by Jean Piaget and Lawrence Kohlberg, followed by current domain-specific approach to reasoning, the work of Elliot Turiel, Judith Smetana, Melanie Killen, and Larry Nucci. Current research reveals how children and adolescents evaluate social issues using moral and social reasoning. Furthermore, the cross-cultural findings of research based on current social and moral reasoning have established patterns that are common and different across a wide range of cultures.
2002
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(2002): Police disrespect toward the public: An encounter-based analysis. In: Criminology 40 (3), S. 519-551
Abstract: We use observations of police encounters with 3,130 suspects in Indianapolis and St. Petersburg to estimate three influences on police disrespect: how suspects behave, their personal characteristics, and the location of the encounter. Logistic regression models show that suspects' behaviors were the most powerful predictors, but the suspect's sex, age, income, and degree of neighbourhood disadvantage were also significant. Minority suspects experienced disrespect less often than whites (statistically significant in the hierarchical analysis controlling for degree of neighbourhood disadvantage). These effects are concentrated in St. Petersburg, where the chief had made the suppression of police abuses a visible priority. The findings offer partial confirmation of Donald Black's theory of law.
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