Alle Publikationen
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2016
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(2016): Smell in Polish. Lexical Semantics and Cultural Values. In: JOURNAL OF SLAVIC LINGUISTICS 24 (2), S. 273-299
Abstract: Verbs of perception have been typically classified into three semantic groups. Gisborne (2010) calls the three categories agentive (listen class), experiencer (hear class), and percept (sound class). Examples pertaining to the sense of smell in English use the same lexical item (smell), while in Polish, the three senses of smell are expressed with different verbs: wąchać (agentive), czuć zapach (experiencer), and pachnieć (percept). In metaphorical extensions of the verbs of sensory perception these verbs often stand for mental states, as meaning shifts typically involve the transfer from concrete to abstract domains. I show that the metaphorical extensions of pachnieć and percept to smell are quite different. Not only does pachnieć not suggest bad character or dislikeable characteristics, it actually conveys the opposite, as in the expression coś komuś pachnie ‘something is attractive to someone’ or when used without a modifier. These differences stem from the positive meaning of pachnieć and the negative meaning of to smell. Since the percept verbs of smell seem to be intrinsically positively or negatively valued, they do not lend themselves to universal Mind-as-Body extensions. I also consider some of the dramatic frequency contrasts between Polish and English smell constructions and show they can have their root in different cultural scripts underlying modes of speaking (pachnieć jak vs. smell like), framing of experiences (czuć zapach vs. experiencer to smell), polysemy, and different constructional capabilities (wąchać vs. to sniff).
Keywords: Agent, Agentive, Biologische Marker, Disziplin, Erlebender, Experiencer, frame semantics, Geräuschhören, Gisborne, Hear, Hören, Kultur, Kulturdifferenz, Kulturspezifizität, Kulturtheorie, Kulturvergleich, Linguistik, Listen, Percept, Perzept, Riechen, schnüffeln, Semantik, Semantische Gruppen, Smell, Smell like, Sniff, sound, Sprachgebrauch, Sprachverstehen, Status, Verben, Wahrnehmung, Wahrnehmung und Sprache, Wahrnehmungsverben, Zuhören 2013
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(2013): Rätsel und Komplotte. Kriminalliteratur, Paranoia, moderne Gesellschaft. 1. Aufl.. Berlin: Suhrkamp
Abstract: Die Geburt der Moderne aus dem Geist der Kriminalliteratur Was hat die Kriminalliteratur mit der Paranoia und den Sozialwissenschaften zu tun? Dieser Frage geht Luc Boltanski in seinem höchst originellen, preisgekrönten Buch nach. Seine Antwort: Wie die Sozialwissenschaften entsteht auch die Kriminalliteratur um die Wende vom 19. zum 20. Jahrhundert, und in diese Zeit fällt auch die Entdeckung der Paranoia in der Psychiatrie. Zusammen zeugen sie von einem sich zunehmend verbreitenden Zweifel an der »Realität der Realität«, der als Symptom der Moderne gelten kann. Boltanski deckt diesen faszinierenden Zusammenhang zwischen Kriminalliteratur, Paranoia und Wissenschaft insbesondere durch fulminante Analysen der Romane von Arthur Conan Doyle und Georges Simenon auf. Während in England der Privatmann Sherlock Holmes durch die Lösung von Rätseln und Komplotten in der englischen Oberschicht die Stabilität der Realität wiederherzustellen sucht, ist es in Frankreich der asketische Beamte Maigret, der in den Pariser Milieus seine Nachforschungen anstellt. Auf brillante Weise verknüpft Boltanski seine literatursoziologischen »Ermittlungen« zur Kriminal-, Spionage- und Verschwörungsliteratur mit solchen zum Paranoia-Diskurs in der Psychiatrie und zur Entstehung der sozialwissenschaftlichen Erforschung der sozialen Realität: Wie der Detektiv oder Kommissar sucht auch der Paranoiker oder Sozialwissenschaftler nach der Wirklichkeit hinter der sozialen Wirklichkeit. Ein Meisterstück!
Keywords: Agent, Conspiracies, Criminal investigation, Detective and mystery stories, Detektiv, Gesellschaft, History and criticism, Komplott, Kriminalität, Kriminalliteratur, Kriminalroman, Kriminalroman / Paranoia / Literatursoziologie, Kultursoziologie, Moderne, Paranoia, Popular literature, Rätsel, Realität, Social aspects, Social surveys, Spionageroman, Verschwörungstheorie / Kriminalroman / Literatursoziologie, Wissenschaft 2011
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(2011) : Etiquette In Motivational Agents: Engaging Users And Developing Relationships In: Hayes, Caroline C.; Miller, Christopher Allan (Hg.): Human-computer etiquette: Cultural expectations and the design implications they place on computers and technology: Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC Press, S. 205-230
Abstract: Micro-analysis of face-to-face interaction among humans can tell us a great deal about how to design etiquette into our human-machine interfaces in order to make them more intuitive, robust, and easy to use. Human protocols for conversational turn-taking, indicating understanding, marking emphasis, and displaying presumed relationship status, are but a few of the myriad verbal and nonverbal cues that can be observed in face-to-face interaction and incorporated into our systems. However, one of the most interesting-and challenging aspects of human interaction for both analysis and emulation is that the “rules of engagement”—that is, etiquette-expectations change frequently and ªuidly during a single encounter. A person must know if their interlocutor is engaging in serious talk, social chat, play, storytelling, or joke-telling to know how to interpret their behavior and to respond appropriately. In addition, these rules can also slowly evolve as a pair of interlocutors develops a relationship over time. is chapter will discuss these phenomena in human social interactions and their rami¤cations for developing human-like machine interfaces such as the animated health counselor shown in Figure 9.1. is work focuses on a particular type of application as a motivating example-the use of computerized animated counselors for long-term health behavior change interventions-and why at least some of the interaction styles that are e¢ective in this domain comprise rules of etiquette that would not be considered “nice” by Emily Post.
Keywords: Agent, Antworten im Rahmen einer Konversation, Art der Beziehung zum Interaktionspartner, Betonung, doppelter Treffer, Ernsthaftigkeit einer Situation, Erzählweise, Etikette, Etiquette as rules of expectation, Favoriten, Für spezifische Situationen festgelegte Verhaltensregeln, humor, Konversationskonventionen als Etikette-Erwartungen, Korrespondenz, Mensch oder Maschine, Mensch-Technik-Interaktion, Mensch-Technik-Relationen (MTR), Mensch-Technische Systeme, Modelle, narrative, Plauderei, Prosody, Realtechnik, Signalisieren von Verstehen, Situationsbedingter Kontext, Sozial Intelligente Agenten, Soziale Angemessenheit, Soziale Distanz, Soziale Robotik, Soziosensitive Systeme, Spiel, Sprachgebrauch, Sprechmelodie, Technik, Theorien, Turn-taking innerhalb der Konsersation, User, Volltreffer, Witze 2010
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(2010): Intelligent Virtual Agents. 10th International Conference, IVA 2010, Philadelphia, PA, USA, September 20-22, 2010. Proceedings. Berlin Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg (Lecture Notes in Computer Science). Online verfügbar unter http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15892-6
2006
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Sun, Ron (2006): Cognition and multi-agent interaction. From cognitive modeling to social simulation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Abstract: Prolegomena to integrating cognitive modeling and social simulation / Ron Sun -- Modeling paradigms in ACT-R / Niel Taatgen, Christian Lebiere, and John Anderson -- Considering Soar as an agent architecture / Robert Wray and Randy Jones -- The CLARION cognitive architecture: extending cognitive modeling to social simulation / Ron Sun -- Cognitive architectures, game playing, and human evolution / Robert L. West, Christian Lebiere, Dan J. Bothell -- Simulating a simple case of organizational decision making / Isaac Nevah and Ron Sun -- Cognitive modeling of social behaviors / William J. Clancey, et al. -- Cognitive agents interacting in real and virtual worlds / Bradley J. Best and Christian Lebiere -- Modeling social emotions and social attributions / Jonathan Gratch, et al. -- Communicating and collaborating with robotic agents / J. Gregory Trafton, et al. -- Behavior-based methods for modeling and structuring control of social robots / Dylan A. Shell and Maja J. Matarić -- Evolution of a teamwork model / Nathan Schurr, et al. -- Sociality in embodied neural agents / Domenico Parisi and Stefano Nolfi -- Cognitive architecture and contents for social structures and interactions / Cristiano Castelfranchi -- Cognitive science and good social science / Scott Moss -- Collective cognition and emergence in multi-agent systems / Pietro Panzarasa and Nicholas R. Jennings -- Social judgement in multi-agent systems / Tom R. Burns and Ewa Roszkowska -- Including human variability in a cognitive architecture to improve team simulation / Frank E. Ritter and Emma Norling -- When does social simulation need cognitive models? / Nigel Gilbert This book explores the intersection between cognitive sciences and social sciences. In particular, it explores the intersection between individual cognitive modeling and modeling of multi-agent interaction (social stimulation). The two contributing fields - individual cognitive modeling (especially cognitive architectures) and modeling of multi-agent interaction (including social simulation and, to some extent, multi-agent systems) - have seen phenomenal growth in recent years. However, the interaction of these two fields has not been sufficiently developed. We believe that the interaction of the two may be more significant than either alone. They bring with them enormous intellectual capitals. These intellectual capitals can be profitably leveraged in creating true synergy between the two fields, leading to more in-depth studies and better understanding of both individual cognition and sociocultural processes. It is possible that an integrative field of study in cognitive and social sciences is emerging and we are laying the foundation for it
2001
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(2001): Let's talk!. Socially intelligent agents for language conversation training. In: IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics - Part A: Systems and Humans 31 (5), S. 465-471. DOI: 10.1109/3468.952722
Abstract: This paper promotes socially intelligent animated agents for the pedagogical task of English conversation training for native speakers of Japanese. Since student-agent conversations are realized as role-playing interactions, strong requirements are imposed on the agents' affective and social abilities. As a novel feature, social role awareness is introduced to animated conversational agents, that are by now strong affective reasoners, but otherwise often lack the social competence observed in humans. In particular, humans may easily adjust their behavior depending on their respective role in a social setting, whereas their synthetic pendants tend to be driven mostly by emotions and personality. Our main contribution is the incorporation of a "social filter program" to mental models of animated agents. This program may qualify an agent's expression of its emotional state by the social context, thereby enhancing the agent's believability as a conversational partner. Our implemented system is web-based and demonstrates socially aware animated agents in a virtual coffee shop environment. An experiment with our conversation system shows that users consider socially aware agents as more natural than agents that violate conventional practices.
Keywords: Adaptive Systeme, Agent, Computerwissenschaft, doppelter Treffer, Emotions, emotionssensitiv, Favoriten, Ingenieurswissenschaft, Interaktion, Kommunikation, Künstliche Intelligenz, Linguistik, Mensch-Technik-Relationen (MTR), Modelle/Theorien, Realtechnik, social filter program, social filter program for animated agents, Soziale Angemessenheit, soziale intelligente Agenten, sozialer Kontext, Sozialkompetenz, Soziosensitive Systeme, Spracherwerb, Teaching, Sprachverstehen, Technik, training in social competences, Volltreffer
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